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part

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "part"
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English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English part, from Old English part (“part”) and Old French part (“part”); both from Latin partem, accusative of pars (“piece, portion, share, side, party, faction, role, character, lot, fate, task, lesson, part, member”), from Proto-Indo-European *par-, *per- (“to sell, exchange”). Akin to Latin portiō (“a portion, part”), parāre (“to make ready, prepare”). Displaced Middle English del, dele (“part”) (from Old English dǣl (“part, distribution”) > Modern English deal (“portion; amount”)), Middle English dale, dole (“part, portion”) (from Old English dāl (“portion”) > Modern English dole), Middle English sliver (“part, portion”) (from Middle English sliven (“to cut, cleave”), from Old English (tō)slifan (“to split”)).

Noun

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part (plural parts)

  1. A portion; a component.
    1. A fraction of a whole.
      Gaul is divided into three parts.
      I was in Australia part of last year.
      • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page vii:
        Hepaticology, outside the temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere, still lies deep in the shadow cast by that ultimate "closet taxonomist," Franz Stephani—a ghost whose shadow falls over us all.
      • 2013 June 1, “Towards the end of poverty”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 11:
        America’s poverty line is $63 a day for a family of four. In the richer parts of the emerging world $4 a day is the poverty barrier. But poverty’s scourge is fiercest below $1.25 ([…]): people below that level live lives that are poor, nasty, brutish and short.
    2. A distinct element of something larger.
      The parts of a chainsaw include the chain, engine, and handle.
    3. A group inside a larger group.
    4. Share, especially of a profit.
      I want my part of the bounty.
    5. A unit of relative proportion in a mixture.
      The mixture comprises one part sodium hydroxide and ten parts water.
      This pastry is one part butter to three parts flour.
    6. 3.5 centiliters of one ingredient in a mixed drink.
    7. A section of a document.
      Please turn to Part I, Chapter 2.
    8. A section of land; an area of a country or other territory; region.
    9. (mathematics, dated) A factor.
      3 is a part of 12.
    10. (US) A room in a public building, especially a courtroom.
    11. (colloquial, euphemistic) A private part; genitalia.
      • 2022, Herschel K. Stroganoff, The Herc Braveman Adventures:
        She wasn't wearing her medieval clothes anymore — she wasn't wearing anything. She was completely starkers — completely Billy bollocks. You could see everything even her part.
  2. Duty; responsibility.
    Synonym: hand
    to do one’s part
    1. Position or role (especially in a play).
      We all have a part to play.
      • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
        We drove back to the office with some concern on my part at the prospect of so large a case. Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. He was dressed out in broad gaiters and bright tweeds, like an English tourist, and his face might have belonged to Dagon, idol of the Philistines.
      • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
        He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […], the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts.
    2. (music) The melody played or sung by a particular instrument, voice, or group of instruments or voices, within a polyphonic piece.
      The first violin part in this concerto is very challenging.
    3. Each of two contrasting sides of an argument, debate etc.; “hand”.
  4. (US) The dividing line formed by combing the hair in different directions.
    Synonym: (British) parting
    The part of his hair was slightly to the left.
  5. (Judaism) In the Hebrew lunisolar calendar, a unit of time equivalent to 3⅓ seconds.
  6. A constituent of character or capacity; quality; faculty; talent; usually in the plural with a collective sense.
Synonyms
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Hyponyms
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Holonyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → Cantonese: part (paat1), parts (paat1 si2) (from the plural noun form)
  • → Japanese: パート (pāto), パーツ (pātsu) (from the plural noun form)
Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

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Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *perh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Proto-Indo-European *pérh₃tis?
Proto-Italic *partis
Latin pars
Proto-Indo-European *-yétider.
Latin -iō
Latin partīre
Old French partirbor.
Middle English parten
English part

    Inherited from Middle English parten, borrowed from Old French partir.

    Verb

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    part (third-person singular simple present parts, present participle parting, simple past and past participle parted)

    1. (intransitive) To leave the company of (each other, or someone/something [with with or from]).
      • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vii]:
        He wrung Bassanio's hand, and so they parted.
      • 1879, Anthony Trollope, John Caldigate:
        It was strange to him that a father should feel no tenderness at parting with an only son.
      • 1841, “There is an Hour when I must Part”, Andrew Reed (lyrics)‎[1]:
        There is an hour when I must part / From all I hold most dear
      • 1860, George Eliot, Recollections of Italy:
        his precious bag, which he would by no means part from
      • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
        "A fine man, that Dunwody, yonder," commented the young captain, as they parted, and as he turned to his prisoner. "We'll see him on in Washington some day. He is strengthening his forces now against Mr. Benton out there. […]."
    2. (transitive) To divide in two.
      to part the curtains
    3. (transitive) To cut hair with a parting.
    4. (intransitive) To be divided in two or separated.
      A rope parts.  His hair parts in the middle.
      • 2004, “Prophecy”, in Max Cavalera (lyrics), Max Cavalera (music), Prophecy, performed by Soulfly, Track 1:
        I see the Red Sea part in front of me
        I see the desert clouds bleed above me
        I'm with the prophets on the final destiny
        We'll fight the heathens and the ghost enemy
        This is the prophecy
    5. (transitive, now rare) To divide up; to share.
    6. (intransitive, obsolete) To have a part or share; to partake.
    7. (transitive) To separate or disunite; to remove from contact or contiguity; to sunder.
    8. (transitive, obsolete) To hold apart; to stand or intervene between.
    9. (transitive) To separate by a process of extraction, elimination, or secretion.
      to part gold from silver
      • 1718, Mat[thew] Prior, “Alma: Or, The Progress of the Mind”, in Poems on Several Occasions, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], and John Barber […], →OCLC:
        The liver minds his own affair, […] / And parts and strains the vital juices.
    10. (transitive, archaic) To leave; to quit.
    11. (transitive, Internet) To leave (an IRC channel).
      • 2000, Phantom, “Re: Uhm... hi... I guess...”, in alt.support.boy-lovers (Usenet):
        He parted the channel saying "SHUTUP!" […] so I queried him, asking if there was something I could do […] maybe talk […] so we did […] since then, I've been seeing him on IRC every day (really can't imagine him not being on IRC anymore actually).
    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    Etymology 3

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    From Middle English part, from the noun.[1]

    Adjective

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    part (not comparable)

    1. Fractional; partial.
      Fred was part owner of the car.
    Translations
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    Adverb

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    part (not comparable)

    1. Partly; partially; fractionally.
      Part finished
    2. (with reference to a person's ethnicity) to a partial degree.
      My Native American friend is also part German and part French.
    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    References

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    1. ^ “part, adj.2 and adv.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

    Further reading

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    Anagrams

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    Azerbaijani

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    Other scripts
    Cyrillic парт
    Arabic پارت

    Etymology

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    Onomatopoeic. “Explosion sound”.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    part (definite accusative partı, plural partlar)

    1. bang

    Declension

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    Declension of part
    singular plural
    nominative partpartlar
    definite accusative partıpartları
    dative partapartlara
    locative partdapartlarda
    ablative partdanpartlardan
    definite genitive partınpartların
    Possessive forms of part
    nominative
    singular plural
    mənim (“my”) partım partlarım
    sənin (“your”) partın partların
    onun (“his/her/its”) partı partları
    bizim (“our”) partımız partlarımız
    sizin (“your”) partınız partlarınız
    onların (“their”) partı or partları partları
    accusative
    singular plural
    mənim (“my”) partımı partlarımı
    sənin (“your”) partını partlarını
    onun (“his/her/its”) partını partlarını
    bizim (“our”) partımızı partlarımızı
    sizin (“your”) partınızı partlarınızı
    onların (“their”) partını or partlarını partlarını
    dative
    singular plural
    mənim (“my”) partıma partlarıma
    sənin (“your”) partına partlarına
    onun (“his/her/its”) partına partlarına
    bizim (“our”) partımıza partlarımıza
    sizin (“your”) partınıza partlarınıza
    onların (“their”) partına or partlarına partlarına
    locative
    singular plural
    mənim (“my”) partımda partlarımda
    sənin (“your”) partında partlarında
    onun (“his/her/its”) partında partlarında
    bizim (“our”) partımızda partlarımızda
    sizin (“your”) partınızda partlarınızda
    onların (“their”) partında or partlarında partlarında
    ablative
    singular plural
    mənim (“my”) partımdan partlarımdan
    sənin (“your”) partından partlarından
    onun (“his/her/its”) partından partlarından
    bizim (“our”) partımızdan partlarımızdan
    sizin (“your”) partınızdan partlarınızdan
    onların (“their”) partından or partlarından partlarından
    genitive
    singular plural
    mənim (“my”) partımın partlarımın
    sənin (“your”) partının partlarının
    onun (“his/her/its”) partının partlarının
    bizim (“our”) partımızın partlarımızın
    sizin (“your”) partınızın partlarınızın
    onların (“their”) partının or partlarının partlarının

    Derived terms

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    Further reading

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    Catalan

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    From Old Catalan part, from Latin partus.

    Noun

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    part m (plural parts)

    1. birthing (act of giving birth)
      Synonyms: deslliurament, desocupament
    2. (figuratively) birth of an idea
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    Etymology 2

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    From Old Catalan part, from Latin partem, from Proto-Italic *partis.

    Noun

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    part f (plural parts)

    1. part, portion
      les parts (genitals, privates parts)
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 3

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    Borrowed from Latin Parthus (“Parthia”).

    Adjective

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    part (feminine parta, masculine plural parts, feminine plural partes)

    1. Parthian

    Noun

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    part m (plural parts, feminine parta, feminine plural partes)

    1. Parthian
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    References

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    Chinese

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    FWOTD – 3 January 2024

    Etymology 1

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    From English part.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    part

    1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) part, portion, or component of the whole
      份卷呢一part我全部都唔識。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      份卷呢一part我全部都唔识。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      fan6 gyun2 ni1 jat1 paat1 ngo5 cyun4 bou6 dou1 m4 sik1. [Jyutping]
      I don't know how to do any of the questions in this part of the paper.

    Classifier

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    part

    1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) Classifier for part, portion, or component of the whole.
    2. (Hong Kong Cantonese) Classifier for the activity of dancing.
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    Etymology 2

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    Clipping of English partner.[1]

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    part

    1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to partner with
      我part住佢做嘢好開心。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      我part住佢做嘢好开心。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      ngo5 paat1 zyu6 keoi5 zou6 je5 hou2 hoi1 sam1. [Jyutping]
      I have great pleasure in partnering with him in work.
    2. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to partner in doing something
      我唔想同佢part呢首歌。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
      ngo5 m4 soeng2 tung4 keoi5 paat1 ni1 sau2 go1. [Jyutping]
      I don't want to partner with him in singing this song.

    References

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    1. ^ Robert S. Bauer (2010), “The Graphemic Representation of English Loanwords in Cantonese”, in Dialects in South East China, number 24, →JSTOR, pages 227-246

    Cypriot Arabic

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    Root
    p-r-t
    5 terms

    Etymology

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    Etymology tree
    Old Armenian բուրդ (burd)bor.
    Arabic بَرْد (bard)
    Cypriot Arabic part

      Inherited from Arabic بَرْد (bard).

      Noun

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      part m

      1. cold

      References

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      • Borg, Alexander (2004), A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 155

      Czech

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      Etymology

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      Latin pars

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      part m inan

      1. part (the melody played or sung by a particular instrument, voice, or group of instruments or voices, within a polyphonic piece)

      Declension

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      Declension of part (hard masculine inanimate)
      singular plural
      nominative part party
      genitive partu partů
      dative partu partům
      accusative part party
      vocative parte party
      locative partu partech
      instrumental partem party
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      Further reading

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      Dutch

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      part n (plural parten, diminutive partje n)

      1. part

      Descendants

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      Estonian

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      Etymology

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      Onomatopoetic. Cognate to Votic partti. Probably the same root as in parisema (“to thud with pauses”).

      Noun

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      part (genitive pardi, partitive parti)

      1. duck

      Declension

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      Declension of part (ÕS type 22e/riik, t-d gradation)
      singular plural
      nominative part pardid
      accusative nom.
      gen. pardi
      genitive partide
      partitive parti parte
      partisid
      illative parti
      pardisse       		partidesse
      pardesse
      inessive pardis partides
      pardes
      elative pardist partidest
      pardest
      allative pardile partidele
      pardele
      adessive pardil partidel
      pardel
      ablative pardilt partidelt
      pardelt
      translative pardiks partideks
      pardeks
      terminative pardini partideni
      essive pardina partidena
      abessive pardita partideta
      comitative pardiga partidega

      Faroese

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      Noun

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      part m

      1. participle accusative singular of partur
        fyri ein part - partial

      French

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      Pronunciation

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      Etymology 1

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      From Old French part, from Latin partem, accusative of pars, from Proto-Italic *partis.

      Noun

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      part f (plural parts)

      1. share
        une grande part ― a large share
      2. portion, part, slice
        une grande part de tarte ― a large portion of cake
        pour ma part ― for my part, as far as I'm concerned, as for me
        pour la part de mon ami
        as far as my friend's concerned, as for my friend
      3. proportion
        une grande part de quelque chose ― a large proportion of something
        il y a une grande part de fiction dans son récit
        his/her account is highly fictional
      Synonyms
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      Derived terms
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      Etymology 2

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      Conjugated form of -ir verb partir

      Verb

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      part

      1. third-person singular present indicative of partir

      Etymology 3

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      From Latin partus.

      Noun

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      part m (plural parts)

      1. newborn
      Derived terms
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      Further reading

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      Friulian

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      Etymology 1

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      From Latin pars, partem.

      Noun

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      part f (plural parts)

      1. part
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      Etymology 2

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      From Latin partus.

      Noun

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      part m (plural parts)

      1. delivery, birth, childbirth

      See also

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      Hungarian

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed from Italian, from Latin portus. Compare Italian porto (“port, harbour”).[1]

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      part (plural partok)

      1. shore, coast, bank, beach

      Declension

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      Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
      singular plural
      nominative part partok
      accusative partot partokat
      dative partnak partoknak
      instrumental parttal partokkal
      causal-final partért partokért
      translative parttá partokká
      terminative partig partokig
      essive-formal partként partokként
      essive-modal — —
      inessive partban partokban
      superessive parton partokon
      adessive partnál partoknál
      illative partba partokba
      sublative partra partokra
      allative parthoz partokhoz
      elative partból partokból
      delative partról partokról
      ablative parttól partoktól
      non-attributive
      possessive – singular       		parté partoké
      non-attributive
      possessive – plural       		partéi partokéi
      Possessive forms of part
      possessor single possession multiple possessions
      1st person sing. partom partjaim
      2nd person sing. partod partjaid
      3rd person sing. partja partjai
      1st person plural partunk partjaink
      2nd person plural partotok partjaitok
      3rd person plural partjuk partjaik

      Derived terms

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      Compound words

      References

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      1. ^ part in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

      Further reading

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      • part in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

      Icelandic

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      Noun

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      part

      1. indefinite accusative singular of partur

      Kashubian

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      Etymology

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        Borrowed from German Part.

        Pronunciation

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        • IPA(key): /ˈpart/
        • Rhymes: -art
        • Syllabification: part

        Noun

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        part m inan

        1. part, section

        Further reading

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        • Jan Trepczyk (1994), “część”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
        • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “część”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[6]
        • “part”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

        Ladin

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        Alternative forms

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        Etymology

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        From Latin pars, partem.

        Noun

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        part f (plural part)

        1. part
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        Middle English

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        Alternative forms

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        Etymology

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        From Old French part and Old English part, both from Latin partem, accusative singular of pars, from Proto-Italic *partis.

        Noun

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        part (plural partes)

        1. part

        Descendants

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        References

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        Northern Kurdish

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        Etymology

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        Borrowed from Armenian բարդ (bard, “pile, heap of hay or cereals”).

        Noun

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        part f

        1. a stack containing 30 sheaves of wheat or hay

        References

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        • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979), “բարդ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 422a
        • Jaba, Auguste; Justi, Ferdinand (1879), “پارت”, in Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 70a
        • Kurdojev, K. K. (1960), “part”, in Курдско-русский словарь [Kurdish–Russian Dictionary], Moscow: Государственное издательство иностранных и национальных словарей, page 588b

        Old English

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        Etymology

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        Borrowed from Latin partem, accusative of pars (“piece, portion, share, side, party, faction, role, character, lot, fate, task, lesson, part, member”)

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        part m

        1. part

        Descendants

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        Polish

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        Pronunciation

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        • Rhymes: -art
        • Syllabification: part

        Etymology 1

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        Inherited from Old Polish port, from Proto-Slavic *pъrtъ.

        Noun

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        part m inan

        1. thick hemp or linen fabric
          Hypernym: płótno
        2. twine braided tape
          Hypernym: taśma
        Declension
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        Declension of part
        singular plural
        nominative part party
        genitive partu partów
        dative partowi partom
        accusative part party
        instrumental partem partami
        locative parcie partach
        vocative parcie party
        Derived terms
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        adjective
        nouns
        verb
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        adjective
        nouns
        verbs

        Etymology 2

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        Borrowed from German Part(e), from Middle High German part, from Old French part, from Latin pars.

        Noun

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        part m inan

        1. (music) part
          Synonym: partia
        2. (regional, fishing) share of the catch for each fisherman
          Hypernyms: część, dola, udział
        Alternative forms
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        adjective

        Further reading

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        • “part”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[7] (in Polish)
        • Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894), “part”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 118
        • Halina Świderska (1929), “part”, in Dialekt Księstwa Łowickiego (in Polish), Warsaw, →ISBN, page 123

        Romanian

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        Etymology

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        From French parthe.

        Adjective

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        part m or n (feminine singular partă, masculine plural parți, feminine/neuter plural parte)

        1. Parthian (relating to Parthia)

        Declension

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        Declension of part
        singular plural
        masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
        nominative-
        accusative         		indefinite part partă parți parte
        definite partul parta parții partele
        genitive-
        dative         		indefinite part parte parți parte
        definite partului partei parților partelor

        Swedish

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        Etymology

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        Ultimately borrowed from Latin pars.

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        part c

        1. part, piece
        2. party (law: person), stakeholder
          att vara part i målet
          to have a stake in the claim, to partial, to be biased
          arbetsmarknadens parter
          the stakeholders of the labour market, i.e. trade unions and employers' organizations

        Declension

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        Declension of part
        nominative genitive
        singular indefinite part parts
        definite parten partens
        plural indefinite parter parters
        definite parterna parternas
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        Anagrams

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        Veps

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        Etymology

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        Borrowing from Russian парта (parta).

        Noun

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        part

        1. school desk

        Declension

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        Inflection of part (inflection type 5/sana)
        nominative sing. part
        genitive sing. partan
        partitive sing. partad
        partitive plur. partoid
        singular plural
        nominative part partad
        accusative partan partad
        genitive partan partoiden
        partitive partad partoid
        essive-instructive partan partoin
        translative partaks partoikš
        inessive partas partoiš
        elative partaspäi partoišpäi
        illative partaha
        partha         		partoihe
        adessive partal partoil
        ablative partalpäi partoilpäi
        allative partale partoile
        abessive partata partoita
        comitative partanke partoidenke
        prolative partadme partoidme
        approximative I partanno partoidenno
        approximative II partannoks partoidennoks
        egressive partannopäi partoidennopäi
        terminative I partahasai
        parthasai         		partoihesai
        terminative II partalesai partoilesai
        terminative III partassai —
        additive I partahapäi
        parthapäi         		partoihepäi
        additive II partalepäi partoilepäi

        Yola

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        Etymology

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        From Middle English part, from Old French partir, from Latin partīre.

        Pronunciation

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        Verb

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        part (simple past parthed)

        1. to part
          • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:
            Outh o'mee hoane ch'ull no part wi' Wathere.
            Out of my hand I'll not part with Walter.

        References

        [edit]
        • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 90
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