paro

See also: Appendix:Variations of "paro"

Ainu

Alternative forms

Map of Ainu Language: Mouth

• (apocopic) par
• para
• paroho

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pàꜛɾó/

Noun

paro (Kana spelling パロ)

1. (anatomy) mouth

Asturian

Verb

paro

1. first-person singular present indicative of parar

Balinese

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Javanese paro, parwa (“half”), from Sanskrit पर्व (parva), पर्वन् (parvan, “division, section”). Doublet of parwa (“part of the Mahābhārata”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /paro/

Verb

paro (Balinese script ᬧᬭᭀ)

1. to half

Further reading

• “paro”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈpa.ɾu]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈpa.ɾo]

Verb

paro

1. first-person singular present indicative of parar

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from German Paar, ultimately from Latin pār (“equal, like, suitable”). Cognate with English peer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈparo/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aro
• Syllabification: pa‧ro

Noun

paro (accusative singular paron, plural paroj, accusative plural parojn)

1. pair (two similar or identical things)
2. couple (two partners in a romantic or sexual relationship)

   Hyponyms: geedzoj (“(mixed-sex) married couple”), gefianĉoj (“engaged couple”)

Hypernyms

• -aro (“group, collection”)

Derived terms

• pare (“pairwise, in a pair”)

French

Etymology

Popularised by rapper Kery James in 2009.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa.ʁo/

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Adjective

paro (invariable)

1. (slang) neurotic, crazy
   • 2013, “Dernière danse”, in Mini World, performed by Indila:

     Sans lui je suis un peu paro / Je déambule seule dans le métro

     Without him I go a bit crazy / I wander on my own in the metro

Galician

Verb

paro

1. first-person singular present indicative of parar
2. (reintegrationist norm) first-person singular present indicative of parir

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈparo/

Noun

paro (plural pari)

1. couple, pair

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈparo/
• Hyphenation: pa‧ro
• Rhymes: -ro, -o

Numeral

paro

1. nonstandard form of paruh (“half”)

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ro/
• Homophone: Paro
• Rhymes: -aro
• Hyphenation: pà‧ro

Noun

paro m (plural (archaic) para f) (central Italy; uncommon)

1. alternative form of paio (“pair”)

   Alternative form: (apocopic) par

Usage notes

• Chiefly used colloquially in its apocopic form par.

Noun

paro m (plural pari)

1. literary form of pari (“peer”)

Verb

paro

1. first-person singular present indicative of parare

Anagrams

• apro, opra, rapo, rapò

Javanese

Romanization

paro

1. romanization of ꦥꦫꦺꦴ

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *perh₃-o (“providing”), from *perh₃- (“to grant”). Cognate with pariō (“to produce”), properus (“ready”), Ancient Greek ἔπορον (époron, “to give, furnish”), Old Irish ernaid (“to grant, bestow”) Sanskrit पृणाति (pṛṇā́ti, “to grant, bestow”).

(to adorn, to ornament): compare typologically Latin ōrnō, Russian наряжа́ть (narjažátʹ) (akin to поря́док (porjádok)).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpa.roː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpaː.ro]

Verb

parō (present infinitive parāre, perfect active parāvī, supine parātum); first conjugation

2. to arrange, order, contrive, design

   Synonyms: īnstruō, compōnō

3. to provide, furnish, prepare

   Synonyms: exōrnō, adōrnō, ōrnō, praebeō, apparō, īnstruō, accingō, suggerō, comparō, afferō, ministrō

   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.15:

     […] Manum cōnsulum et prīncipium cīvitātis interficiendōrum causā parāvisse?

     [Are you aware that we know that] a band [of assassins] had been prepared for the purpose of killing the consuls and the leading men of the state?

   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 29.4:

     munire urbem, frumentum convehere, tela arma parare

     to strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of grain, to prepare a supply of weapons and armour

4. to resolve, purpose, decide

   Synonyms: statuō, cernō, dēcernō, cōnstituō, placeō

5. to get, acquire, obtain, procure, make

   Synonyms: acquīrō, cōnsequor, pariō, lucror, adipīscor, impetrō, mereō, sūmō, emō, potior, inveniō, comparō, apīscor, obtineō, conciliō, nancīscor, colligō, alliciō

   Antonym: āmittō

   amīcōs parāre ― to make friends; to befriend

6. (Medieval Latin) to adorn, ornament
7. (Medieval Latin) to learn by heart

Conjugation

   Conjugation of parō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	parō		parās		parat		parāmus		parātis		parant
	imperfect	parābam		parābās		parābat		parābāmus		parābātis		parābant
	future	parābō		parābis		parābit		parābimus		parābitis		parābunt
	perfect	parāvī		parāvistī, parāstī1		parāvit, parāt1		parāvimus, parāmus1		parāvistis, parāstis1		parāvērunt, parārunt, parāvēre1
	pluperfect	parāveram, parāram1		parāverās, parārās1		parāverat, parārat1		parāverāmus, parārāmus1		parāverātis, parārātis1		parāverant, parārant1
	future perfect	parāverō, parārō1		parāveris, parāris1		parāverit, parārit1		parāverimus, parārimus1		parāveritis, parāritis1		parāverint, parārint1
passive	present	paror		parāris, parāre		parātur		parāmur		parāminī		parantur
	imperfect	parābar		parābāris, parābāre		parābātur		parābāmur		parābāminī		parābantur
	future	parābor		parāberis, parābere		parābitur		parābimur		parābiminī		parābuntur
	perfect	parātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	parātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	parātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	parem		parēs		paret		parēmus		parētis		parent
	imperfect	parārem		parārēs		parāret		parārēmus		parārētis		parārent
	perfect	parāverim, parārim1		parāverīs, parārīs1		parāverit, parārit1		parāverīmus, parārīmus1		parāverītis, parārītis1		parāverint, parārint1
	pluperfect	parāvissem, parāssem1		parāvissēs, parāssēs1		parāvisset, parāsset1		parāvissēmus, parāssēmus1		parāvissētis, parāssētis1		parāvissent, parāssent1
passive	present	parer		parēris, parēre		parētur		parēmur		parēminī		parentur
	imperfect	parārer		parārēris, parārēre		parārētur		parārēmur		parārēminī		parārentur
	perfect	parātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	parātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		parā		—		—		parāte		—
	future	—		parātō		parātō		—		parātōte		parantō
passive	present	—		parāre		—		—		parāminī		—
	future	—		parātor		parātor		—		—		parantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		parāre			parārī			parāns			—
future		parātūrum esse			parātum īrī			parātūrus			parandus
perfect		parāvisse, parāsse1			parātum esse			—			parātus
future perfect		—			parātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		parātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		parandī		parandō		parandum		parandō		parātum		parātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• aequiparō
• apparō
• comparō
• disparō
• imperō
• opiparus
• parābilis
• parāmentum
• parātiō
• paritō
• praeparō
• reparō
• sēparō
• supparō
• vituperō

Related terms

• imperātor
• imperiōsus
• imperium
• properātim
• properiter
• properō
• properus

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: parare
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: parar
    • Catalan: parar
  • Old French: parer
    • French: parer
    • → English: pare, parry
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: parar
    • Galician: parar
    • Portuguese: parar
      • → Afrikaans: parra
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: parar
  • Spanish: parar
• Borrowings:
  • → Albanian: proj
  • → Welsh: paratoi

Etymology 2

From pār (“equal”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpa.roː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpaː.ro]

Verb

parō (present infinitive parāre, perfect active parāvī, supine parātum); first conjugation

1. to equalize; to make equal

Conjugation

   Conjugation of parō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	parō		parās		parat		parāmus		parātis		parant
	imperfect	parābam		parābās		parābat		parābāmus		parābātis		parābant
	future	parābō		parābis		parābit		parābimus		parābitis		parābunt
	perfect	parāvī		parāvistī, parāstī1		parāvit, parāt1		parāvimus, parāmus1		parāvistis, parāstis1		parāvērunt, parārunt, parāvēre1
	pluperfect	parāveram, parāram1		parāverās, parārās1		parāverat, parārat1		parāverāmus, parārāmus1		parāverātis, parārātis1		parāverant, parārant1
	future perfect	parāverō, parārō1		parāveris, parāris1		parāverit, parārit1		parāverimus, parārimus1		parāveritis, parāritis1		parāverint, parārint1
passive	present	paror		parāris, parāre		parātur		parāmur		parāminī		parantur
	imperfect	parābar		parābāris, parābāre		parābātur		parābāmur		parābāminī		parābantur
	future	parābor		parāberis, parābere		parābitur		parābimur		parābiminī		parābuntur
	perfect	parātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	parātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	parātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	parem		parēs		paret		parēmus		parētis		parent
	imperfect	parārem		parārēs		parāret		parārēmus		parārētis		parārent
	perfect	parāverim, parārim1		parāverīs, parārīs1		parāverit, parārit1		parāverīmus, parārīmus1		parāverītis, parārītis1		parāverint, parārint1
	pluperfect	parāvissem, parāssem1		parāvissēs, parāssēs1		parāvisset, parāsset1		parāvissēmus, parāssēmus1		parāvissētis, parāssētis1		parāvissent, parāssent1
passive	present	parer		parēris, parēre		parētur		parēmur		parēminī		parentur
	imperfect	parārer		parārēris, parārēre		parārētur		parārēmur		parārēminī		parārentur
	perfect	parātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	parātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		parā		—		—		parāte		—
	future	—		parātō		parātō		—		parātōte		parantō
passive	present	—		parāre		—		—		parāminī		—
	future	—		parātor		parātor		—		—		parantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		parāre			parārī			parāns			—
future		parātūrum esse			parātum īrī			parātūrus			parandus
perfect		parāvisse, parāsse1			parātum esse			—			parātus
future perfect		—			parātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		parātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		parandī		parandō		parandum		parandō		parātum		parātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpaː.roː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpaː.ro]

Noun

pārō

1. dative/ablative singular of pārus

Further reading

• “paro1”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “paro2”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “paro3”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “paro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "paro", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “paro”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to prepare to do a thing: parare with Inf.
    
  • to compass, devise a man's overthrow, ruin: perniciem (exitium) alicui afferre, moliri, parare
    
  • to gain dignity; to make oneself a person of consequence: auctoritatem or dignitatem sibi conciliare, parare
    
  • to take measures for..: parare aliquid
    
  • to waylay a person: insidias alicui parare, facere, struere, instruere, tendere
    
  • to make preparations for a marriage: nuptias parare
    
  • to equip an army, troops: parare exercitum, copias
    
  • to make preparations for war: bellum parare
    
  • (ambiguous) to attain eternal renown: immortalitatem consequi, adipisci, sibi parere
    
  • (ambiguous) to invent, form words: verba parere, fingere, facere
    
  • (ambiguous) to be resigned to a thing: (animo) paratum esse ad aliquid
    
  • (ambiguous) to be ready to endure anything: omnia perpeti paratum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to establish oneself as despot, tyrant by some means: tyrannidem sibi parere aliqua re
    
  • (ambiguous) to be a match for the enemy: parem (opp. imparem) esse hosti
    
  • (ambiguous) to gain a victory, win a battle: victoriam adipisci, parere
    
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “paro”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill

Neapolitan

Alternative forms

• páro

Noun

paro m

1. pair

   Synonyms: paréglia, cócchia

Old Javanese

Noun

paro

1. alternative spelling of parwa

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀧𑀭𑁄 (Brahmi script)
• परो (Devanagari script)
• পরো (Bengali script)
• පරො (Sinhalese script)
• ပရော or ပရေႃ (Burmese script)
• ปโร or ปะโร (Thai script)
• ᨷᩁᩮᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ປໂຣ or ປະໂຣ (Lao script)
• បរោ (Khmer script)
• 𑄛𑄢𑄮 (Chakma script)

Adjective

paro

1. masculine nominative singular of para (“other”)

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.rɔ/
• Rhymes: -arɔ
• Syllabification: pa‧ro

Noun

paro

1. vocative singular of para

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ɾu/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ɾu/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ɾo/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ɾu/

• Rhymes: -aɾu
• Hyphenation: pa‧ro

Etymology 1

Verb

paro

1. first-person singular present indicative of parar

Etymology 2

Verb

paro

1. (rare, nonstandard) first-person singular present indicative of parir

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾo/ [ˈpa.ɾo]
• Rhymes: -aɾo
• Syllabification: pa‧ro

Etymology 1

Deverbal from parar.

Noun

paro m (plural paros)

1. stagnation, freeze up
2. unemployment

   Synonyms: cesantía, desempleo

   en paro ― unemployed

3. strike (work stoppage)

   Synonym: huelga

4. cardiac arrest, ellipsis of paro cardiaco
5. (Mexico) pretext

   Synonyms: excusa, pretexto

   Puros paros para no trabajar

   Just pretexts for not working

6. (Mexico) a favour, help, cover-up, (preceded by hacerle un, hacerme un, to indicate "to do someone a favour", "to help someone", "to protect someone by lying")

   Hazme un paro, no le digas que estoy aquí

   Protect me, do not tell him/her that I am here

   Hazle un paro a Juan, tiene que meter todas esas cajas

   Help Juan, he must store all those boxes

Derived terms

• paro cardiaco
• paro de mano
• paro de manos
• parón

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

paro

1. first-person singular present indicative of parar

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

paro

1. first-person singular present indicative of parir

Further reading

• “paro”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025