قسم

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ق س م (q s m)
15 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qa.sa.ma/

Verb

قَسَمَ • (qasama) I (non-past يَقْسِمُ (yaqsimu), verbal noun قَسْم (qasm))

1. to divide

   الْأُسْتَاذُ يَقْسِمُ الْفَصْلَ إِلَى مَجْمُوعَاتٍ صَغِيرَةٍ لِلْمُنَاقَشَةِ.

   al-ʔustāḏu yaqsimu al-faṣla ʔilā majmūʕātin ṣaḡīratin lilmunāqašati.

   The teacher divides the class into small groups for discussion.

2. to distribute
3. to determine according to weight and measure
4. to transact a business with justice and fairness
5. (transitive) to disperse

Conjugation

Conjugation of قَسَمَ (I, sound, a ~ i, full passive, verbal noun قَسْم)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						قَسْم qasm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						قَاسِم qāsim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَقْسُوم maqsūm
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى				plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past indicative (perfect) الْمَاضِي	m	قَسَمْتُ qasamtu	قَسَمْتَ qasamta	قَسَمَ qasama		قَسَمْنَا qasamnā	قَسَمْتُمَا qasamtumā	قَسَمَا qasamā		قَسَمْنَا qasamnā	قَسَمْتُمْ qasamtum	قَسَمُوا qasamū
	f		قَسَمْتِ qasamti	قَسَمَتْ qasamat				قَسَمَتَا qasamatā			قَسَمْتُنَّ qasamtunna	قَسَمْنَ qasamna
non-past indicative (imperfect) الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَقْسِمُ ʔaqsimu	تَقْسِمُ taqsimu	يَقْسِمُ yaqsimu		نَقْسِمُ naqsimu	تَقْسِمَانِ taqsimāni	يَقْسِمَانِ yaqsimāni		نَقْسِمُ naqsimu	تَقْسِمُونَ taqsimūna	يَقْسِمُونَ yaqsimūna
	f		تَقْسِمِينَ taqsimīna	تَقْسِمُ taqsimu				تَقْسِمَانِ taqsimāni			تَقْسِمْنَ taqsimna	يَقْسِمْنَ yaqsimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَقْسِمَ ʔaqsima	تَقْسِمَ taqsima	يَقْسِمَ yaqsima		نَقْسِمَ naqsima	تَقْسِمَا taqsimā	يَقْسِمَا yaqsimā		نَقْسِمَ naqsima	تَقْسِمُوا taqsimū	يَقْسِمُوا yaqsimū
	f		تَقْسِمِي taqsimī	تَقْسِمَ taqsima				تَقْسِمَا taqsimā			تَقْسِمْنَ taqsimna	يَقْسِمْنَ yaqsimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَقْسِمْ ʔaqsim	تَقْسِمْ taqsim	يَقْسِمْ yaqsim		نَقْسِمْ naqsim	تَقْسِمَا taqsimā	يَقْسِمَا yaqsimā		نَقْسِمْ naqsim	تَقْسِمُوا taqsimū	يَقْسِمُوا yaqsimū
	f		تَقْسِمِي taqsimī	تَقْسِمْ taqsim				تَقْسِمَا taqsimā			تَقْسِمْنَ taqsimna	يَقْسِمْنَ yaqsimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِقْسِمْ iqsim				اِقْسِمَا iqsimā				اِقْسِمُوا iqsimū
	f		اِقْسِمِي iqsimī								اِقْسِمْنَ iqsimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى				plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past indicative (perfect) الْمَاضِي	m	قُسِمْتُ qusimtu	قُسِمْتَ qusimta	قُسِمَ qusima		قُسِمْنَا qusimnā	قُسِمْتُمَا qusimtumā	قُسِمَا qusimā		قُسِمْنَا qusimnā	قُسِمْتُمْ qusimtum	قُسِمُوا qusimū
	f		قُسِمْتِ qusimti	قُسِمَتْ qusimat				قُسِمَتَا qusimatā			قُسِمْتُنَّ qusimtunna	قُسِمْنَ qusimna
non-past indicative (imperfect) الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقْسَمُ ʔuqsamu	تُقْسَمُ tuqsamu	يُقْسَمُ yuqsamu		نُقْسَمُ nuqsamu	تُقْسَمَانِ tuqsamāni	يُقْسَمَانِ yuqsamāni		نُقْسَمُ nuqsamu	تُقْسَمُونَ tuqsamūna	يُقْسَمُونَ yuqsamūna
	f		تُقْسَمِينَ tuqsamīna	تُقْسَمُ tuqsamu				تُقْسَمَانِ tuqsamāni			تُقْسَمْنَ tuqsamna	يُقْسَمْنَ yuqsamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقْسَمَ ʔuqsama	تُقْسَمَ tuqsama	يُقْسَمَ yuqsama		نُقْسَمَ nuqsama	تُقْسَمَا tuqsamā	يُقْسَمَا yuqsamā		نُقْسَمَ nuqsama	تُقْسَمُوا tuqsamū	يُقْسَمُوا yuqsamū
	f		تُقْسَمِي tuqsamī	تُقْسَمَ tuqsama				تُقْسَمَا tuqsamā			تُقْسَمْنَ tuqsamna	يُقْسَمْنَ yuqsamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقْسَمْ ʔuqsam	تُقْسَمْ tuqsam	يُقْسَمْ yuqsam		نُقْسَمْ nuqsam	تُقْسَمَا tuqsamā	يُقْسَمَا yuqsamā		نُقْسَمْ nuqsam	تُقْسَمُوا tuqsamū	يُقْسَمُوا yuqsamū
	f		تُقْسَمِي tuqsamī	تُقْسَمْ tuqsam				تُقْسَمَا tuqsamā			تُقْسَمْنَ tuqsamna	يُقْسَمْنَ yuqsamna

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qas.sa.ma/

Verb

قَسَّمَ • (qassama) II (non-past يُقَسِّمُ (yuqassimu), verbal noun تَقْسِيم (taqsīm))

1. to divide
2. to distribute

Conjugation

Conjugation of قَسَّمَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَقْسِيم)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَقْسِيم taqsīm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُقَسِّم muqassim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُقَسَّم muqassam
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى				plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past indicative (perfect) الْمَاضِي	m	قَسَّمْتُ qassamtu	قَسَّمْتَ qassamta	قَسَّمَ qassama		قَسَّمْنَا qassamnā	قَسَّمْتُمَا qassamtumā	قَسَّمَا qassamā		قَسَّمْنَا qassamnā	قَسَّمْتُمْ qassamtum	قَسَّمُوا qassamū
	f		قَسَّمْتِ qassamti	قَسَّمَتْ qassamat				قَسَّمَتَا qassamatā			قَسَّمْتُنَّ qassamtunna	قَسَّمْنَ qassamna
non-past indicative (imperfect) الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَسِّمُ ʔuqassimu	تُقَسِّمُ tuqassimu	يُقَسِّمُ yuqassimu		نُقَسِّمُ nuqassimu	تُقَسِّمَانِ tuqassimāni	يُقَسِّمَانِ yuqassimāni		نُقَسِّمُ nuqassimu	تُقَسِّمُونَ tuqassimūna	يُقَسِّمُونَ yuqassimūna
	f		تُقَسِّمِينَ tuqassimīna	تُقَسِّمُ tuqassimu				تُقَسِّمَانِ tuqassimāni			تُقَسِّمْنَ tuqassimna	يُقَسِّمْنَ yuqassimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَسِّمَ ʔuqassima	تُقَسِّمَ tuqassima	يُقَسِّمَ yuqassima		نُقَسِّمَ nuqassima	تُقَسِّمَا tuqassimā	يُقَسِّمَا yuqassimā		نُقَسِّمَ nuqassima	تُقَسِّمُوا tuqassimū	يُقَسِّمُوا yuqassimū
	f		تُقَسِّمِي tuqassimī	تُقَسِّمَ tuqassima				تُقَسِّمَا tuqassimā			تُقَسِّمْنَ tuqassimna	يُقَسِّمْنَ yuqassimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَسِّمْ ʔuqassim	تُقَسِّمْ tuqassim	يُقَسِّمْ yuqassim		نُقَسِّمْ nuqassim	تُقَسِّمَا tuqassimā	يُقَسِّمَا yuqassimā		نُقَسِّمْ nuqassim	تُقَسِّمُوا tuqassimū	يُقَسِّمُوا yuqassimū
	f		تُقَسِّمِي tuqassimī	تُقَسِّمْ tuqassim				تُقَسِّمَا tuqassimā			تُقَسِّمْنَ tuqassimna	يُقَسِّمْنَ yuqassimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		قَسِّمْ qassim				قَسِّمَا qassimā				قَسِّمُوا qassimū
	f		قَسِّمِي qassimī								قَسِّمْنَ qassimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى				plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past indicative (perfect) الْمَاضِي	m	قُسِّمْتُ qussimtu	قُسِّمْتَ qussimta	قُسِّمَ qussima		قُسِّمْنَا qussimnā	قُسِّمْتُمَا qussimtumā	قُسِّمَا qussimā		قُسِّمْنَا qussimnā	قُسِّمْتُمْ qussimtum	قُسِّمُوا qussimū
	f		قُسِّمْتِ qussimti	قُسِّمَتْ qussimat				قُسِّمَتَا qussimatā			قُسِّمْتُنَّ qussimtunna	قُسِّمْنَ qussimna
non-past indicative (imperfect) الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَسَّمُ ʔuqassamu	تُقَسَّمُ tuqassamu	يُقَسَّمُ yuqassamu		نُقَسَّمُ nuqassamu	تُقَسَّمَانِ tuqassamāni	يُقَسَّمَانِ yuqassamāni		نُقَسَّمُ nuqassamu	تُقَسَّمُونَ tuqassamūna	يُقَسَّمُونَ yuqassamūna
	f		تُقَسَّمِينَ tuqassamīna	تُقَسَّمُ tuqassamu				تُقَسَّمَانِ tuqassamāni			تُقَسَّمْنَ tuqassamna	يُقَسَّمْنَ yuqassamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَسَّمَ ʔuqassama	تُقَسَّمَ tuqassama	يُقَسَّمَ yuqassama		نُقَسَّمَ nuqassama	تُقَسَّمَا tuqassamā	يُقَسَّمَا yuqassamā		نُقَسَّمَ nuqassama	تُقَسَّمُوا tuqassamū	يُقَسَّمُوا yuqassamū
	f		تُقَسَّمِي tuqassamī	تُقَسَّمَ tuqassama				تُقَسَّمَا tuqassamā			تُقَسَّمْنَ tuqassamna	يُقَسَّمْنَ yuqassamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَسَّمْ ʔuqassam	تُقَسَّمْ tuqassam	يُقَسَّمْ yuqassam		نُقَسَّمْ nuqassam	تُقَسَّمَا tuqassamā	يُقَسَّمَا yuqassamā		نُقَسَّمْ nuqassam	تُقَسَّمُوا tuqassamū	يُقَسَّمُوا yuqassamū
	f		تُقَسَّمِي tuqassamī	تُقَسَّمْ tuqassam				تُقَسَّمَا tuqassamā			تُقَسَّمْنَ tuqassamna	يُقَسَّمْنَ yuqassamna

Etymology 1.3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qi.sam/

Noun

قِسَم • (qisam) pl

1. plural of قِسْمَة (qisma)

Etymology 1.4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qasm/

Noun

قَسْم • (qasm) m

1. verbal noun of قَسَمَ (qasama) (form I)
2. section
3. department

Declension

Declension of noun قَسْم (qasm)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قَسْم qasm	الْقَسْم al-qasm	قَسْم qasm
nominative	قَسْمٌ qasmun	الْقَسْمُ al-qasmu	قَسْمُ qasmu
accusative	قَسْمًا qasman	الْقَسْمَ al-qasma	قَسْمَ qasma
genitive	قَسْمٍ qasmin	الْقَسْمِ al-qasmi	قَسْمِ qasmi

Etymology 1.5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qa.sam/

Noun

قَسَم • (qasam) m

1. oath

Declension

Declension of noun قَسَم (qasam)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قَسَم qasam	الْقَسَم al-qasam	قَسَم qasam
nominative	قَسَمٌ qasamun	الْقَسَمُ al-qasamu	قَسَمُ qasamu
accusative	قَسَمًا qasaman	الْقَسَمَ al-qasama	قَسَمَ qasama
genitive	قَسَمٍ qasamin	الْقَسَمِ al-qasami	قَسَمِ qasami

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: qəsəm
• → Classical Persian: قَسَم (qasam)
  • Tajik: қасам (qasam)
  • → Bengali: কসম (kôsom)
  • → Chagatai: قَسَم (qsm /⁠qasam⁠/)
    • Uyghur: قەسەم (qesem)
    • Uzbek: qasam
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: क़सम (qasam), कसम (kasam) — nuqtaless

    Urdu: قَسَم (qasam)

  • → Pashto: قَسَم (qasam)
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਕ਼ਸਮ (qasam), ਕਸਮ (kasam) (nuqtaless)

    Shahmukhi script: قَسَم (qasam)

  • → Sindhi:

    Devanagari script: क़समु

    Arabic script: قَسَم (qasam)

• → Ottoman Turkish: قَسَم (kasem)
  • Turkish: kasem
• → Swahili: kasama
• → Turkmen: kasam

Etymology 1.6

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qism/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

قِسْم • (qism) m (plural أَقْسَام (ʔaqsām))

1. division, sort, part
2. department
3. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) (grammar) definiteness

Declension

Declension of noun قِسْم (qism)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قِسْم qism	الْقِسْم al-qism	قِسْم qism
nominative	قِسْمٌ qismun	الْقِسْمُ al-qismu	قِسْمُ qismu
accusative	قِسْمًا qisman	الْقِسْمَ al-qisma	قِسْمَ qisma
genitive	قِسْمٍ qismin	الْقِسْمِ al-qismi	قِسْمِ qismi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قِسْمَيْن qismayn	الْقِسْمَيْن al-qismayn	قِسْمَيْ qismay
nominative	قِسْمَانِ qismāni	الْقِسْمَانِ al-qismāni	قِسْمَا qismā
accusative	قِسْمَيْنِ qismayni	الْقِسْمَيْنِ al-qismayni	قِسْمَيْ qismay
genitive	قِسْمَيْنِ qismayni	الْقِسْمَيْنِ al-qismayni	قِسْمَيْ qismay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَقْسَام ʔaqsām	الْأَقْسَام al-ʔaqsām	أَقْسَام ʔaqsām
nominative	أَقْسَامٌ ʔaqsāmun	الْأَقْسَامُ al-ʔaqsāmu	أَقْسَامُ ʔaqsāmu
accusative	أَقْسَامًا ʔaqsāman	الْأَقْسَامَ al-ʔaqsāma	أَقْسَامَ ʔaqsāma
genitive	أَقْسَامٍ ʔaqsāmin	الْأَقْسَامِ al-ʔaqsāmi	أَقْسَامِ ʔaqsāmi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: qisim
• → Classical Persian: قِسْم (qism)
  • Tajik: қисм (qism)
  • → Bengali: কিসিম (kisim)
  • → Chagatai: قِسْم (qsm)
    • Uyghur: قىسىم (qisim)
    • Uzbek: qism
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: क़िस्म (qisma), क़िसम (qisam), किस्म (kisma), किसम (kisam) — nuqtaless

    Urdu: قِسْم (qism)

  • → Pashto: قِسْم (qism)
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਕ਼ਿਸਮ (qisam), ਕਿਸਮ (kisam) — nuqtaless

    Shahmukhi script: قِسْم (qism)

  • → Sindhi:

    Devanagari script: क़िस्मु

    Arabic script: قِسْم (qism)

• → Kumyk: къысым (qısım)
• → Ottoman Turkish: قِسْم (kısm, vulg. kısım)
  • Turkish: kısım
• → Turkmen: kysym

Azerbaijani

Noun

قسم

1. Arabic spelling of qəsəm

Chagatai

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian قَسَم (qasam), from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Noun

قسم • (qasäm or qäsäm or qasam)

1. oath

Descendants

• Uyghur: قەسەم (qesem)
• Uzbek: qasam

Further reading

• Jarring, Gunnar (1964), “قسم”, in An Eastern Turki-English Dialect Dictionary‎^[1], C.W.K. Gleerup, page 241

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ق س م
4 terms

Etymology 1

Inherited from Arabic قِسم.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡi.sim/

Noun

قسم • (gisim) m (construct state قِسْم (gism), dual قِسْمين (gismēn), plural أقسام (ʔagsām))

1. section, division, sort, part
2. department

Etymology 2

Inherited from Arabic قَسَمَ (qasama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡa.sam/

Verb

قَسَم • (gasam) I (non-past يِقْسِم (yigsim))

1. to swear, to make an oath
2. to divide
3. to distribute

Conjugation

Conjugation of قسم

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	قسمت (gasamt)	قسمت (gasamt)	قسم (gasam)		قسمنا (gasamna)	قسمتوا (gasamtu)	قسموا (gasamu)
	f		قسمتي (gasamti)	قسمت (gasamat)
non-past	m	أقسم (ʔagsim)	تقسم (tigsim)	يقسم (yigsim)		نقسم (nigsim)	تقسموا (tigsimu)	يقسموا (yigsimu)
	f		تقسمي (tigsimi)	تقسم (tigsim)
imperative	m		اقسم (agsim)				اقسموا (agsimu)
	f		اقسمي (agsimi)

Etymology 3

Inherited from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Noun

قسم • (gasam) m (dual قَسَمين (gasamēn), plural أقسام (ʔagsām))

1. oath

Etymology 4

Inherited from Arabic قَسَّمَ (qassama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡas.sam/

Verb

قَسَّم • (gassam) II (non-past يِقَسِّم (yigassim))

1. to divide
2. to distribute

Conjugation

Conjugation of قسم

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	قسمت (gassamt)	قسمت (gassamt)	قسم (gassam)		قسمنا (gassamna)	قسمتوا (gassamtu)	قسموا (gassamu)
	f		قسمتي (gassamti)	قسمت (gassamat)
non-past	m	أقسم (ʔagassim)	تقسم (tigassim)	يقسم (yigassim)		نقسم (nigassim)	تقسموا (tigassimu)	يقسموا (yigassimu)
	f		تقسمي (tigassimi)	تقسم (tigassim)
imperative	m		قسم (gassim)				قسموا (gassimu)
	f		قسمي (gassimi)

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡi.sam/

Noun

قِسَم • (gisam) pl

1. plural of قِسْمَة (gisma)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Noun

قسم • (kasem)

1. oath

Descendants

• Turkish: kasem

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “قسم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1453

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic قِسْم (qism).

Noun

قسم • (kısm, vulg. kısım)

1. part

Related terms

• قسما (kısmen)

Descendants

• Turkish: kısım

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “قسم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[3], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1453

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /qa.ˈsam/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qæ.sæm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]

• Rhymes: -am

Readings
Classical reading?	qasam
Dari reading?	qasam
Iranian reading?	ġasam
Tajik reading?	qasam

Noun

Dari	قسم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	қасам

قسم • (qasam / ġasam) (plural قَسَم‌ها, Tajik spelling қасам)

1. oath, swearing

   Synonym: سوگند (sawgand)

Related terms

• قَسَم خوردن (qasam xwurdan, “to swear”)

Descendants

• Tajik: қасам (qasam)
• → Bengali: কসম (kôsom)
• → Chagatai: قَسَم (qsm /⁠qasam⁠/)
  • Uyghur: قەسەم (qesem)
  • Uzbek: qasam
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: क़सम (qasam), कसम (kasam) — nuqtaless

  Urdu: قَسَم (qasam)

• → Pashto: قَسَم (qasam)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਕ਼ਸਮ (qasam), ਕਸਮ (kasam) (nuqtaless)

  Shahmukhi script: قَسَم (qasam)

• → Sindhi:

  Devanagari script: क़समु

  Arabic script: قَسَم (qasam)

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Arabic قَسَمَ (qasama)

Arabic قِسْم (qism)bor.

Persian قسم

Borrowed from Arabic قِسْم (qism).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈqism/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qɪsm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qɪsm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qɪsm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qism]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qesm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qism]

• Rhymes: -ism

Readings
Classical reading?	qism
Dari reading?	qism
Iranian reading?	ġesm
Tajik reading?	qism

Noun

Dari	قسم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	қисм

قسم • (qism / ġesm) (plural قسم‌ها (qism-hā / ġesm-hâ), Tajik spelling қисм)

1. part, portion, division
   • Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, Akbarnama Volume 1
     (Translation by Wheeler M. Thackston)

     گره سیورها که بریاضت و تجرد و حکمت در کل ممالک هندوستان امتیاز دارند زمانه را که بزبان هندی "کال" گویند بر دو قسم منقسم ساخته‌اند

     The Seoras, who are famous throughout India for their asceticism, reclusivity, and wisdom, have divided time, which is called kal in the Indian language, into two parts.

Derived terms

• قسمیدن (qesmidan)

Related terms

• قسماً (qesman)

Punjabi

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian قَسَم (qasam), from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Noun

قَسَم • (qasam) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਸਮ)

1. oath

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “قسم”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian قِسْم (qism), from Arabic قِسْم (qism).

Noun

قِسْم • (qism) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਕ਼ਿਸਮ)

1. kind

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “قِسم”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]

Sindhi

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian قَسَم (qasam), from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Noun

قسم • (qasamu) m (Devanagari क़समु)

1. oath

Further reading

• Parmanand, Mewaram (1910), “قَسَمُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
• “قسم”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian قِسْم (qism), from Arabic قِسْم (qism).

Noun

قسم • (qsm) ?

1. kind

Further reading

• Parmanand, Mewaram (1910), “قِسِمُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
• “قسم”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ق س م
2 terms

Etymology 1

Inherited from Arabic قَسَمَ (qasama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Urban) /ʔa.sam/, [ˈʔa.sam]
• IPA^(key): (Bedouin) /ɡa.sam/, [ˈɡa.sam]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

قسم • (ʔasam) I (present بقسم (biʔsim))

1. to split, to halve
2. (mathematics) to divide

Conjugation

Conjugation of قسم

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	قسمت (ʔasamt)	قسمت (ʔasamt)	قسم (ʔasam)		قسمنا (ʔasamna)	قسمتو (ʔasamtu)	قسمو (ʔasamu)
	f		قسمتي (ʔasamti)	قسمت (ʔasmat)
present	m	بقسم (baʔsim)	بتقسم (btiʔsim)	بقسم (biʔsim)		منقسم (mniʔsim)	بتقسمو (btiʔsimu)	بقسمو (biʔsimu)
	f		بتقسمي (btiʔsimi)	بتقسم (btiʔsim)
subjunctive	m	أقسم (ʔaʔsim)	تقسم (tiʔsim)	يقسم (yiʔsim)		نقسم (niʔsim)	تقسمو (tiʔsimu)	يقسمو (yiʔsimu)
	f		تقسمي (tiʔsimi)	تقسم (tiʔsim)
imperative	m		اقسم (iʔsim)				اقسمو (iʔsimu)
	f		اقسمي (iʔsimi)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Arabic قَسَّمَ (qassama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Urban) /ʔas.sam/, [ˈʔas.sam]
• IPA^(key): (Bedouin) /ɡas.sam/, [ˈɡas.sam]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

قسّم • (ʔassam) II (present بقسّم (biʔassem))

1. to divvy up, to apportion, to allocate

   Synonym: وزّع (wazzaʕ)

Conjugation

Conjugation of قسم

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	قسّمت (ʔassamt)	قسّمت (ʔassamt)	قسّم (ʔassam)		قسّمنا (ʔassamna)	قسّمتو (ʔassamtu)	قسّمو (ʔassamu)
	f		قسّمتي (ʔassamti)	قسّمت (ʔassamat)
present	m	بقسّم (baʔassim)	بتقسّم (bitʔassim)	بقسّم (biʔassim)		منقسّم (minʔassim)	بتقسّمو (bitʔassmu)	بقسّمو (biʔassmu)
	f		بتقسّمي (bitʔassmi)	بتقسّم (bitʔassim)
subjunctive	m	اقسّم (aʔassim)	تقسّم (tʔassim)	يقسّم (yʔassim)		نقسّم (nʔassim)	تقسّمو (tʔassmu)	يقسّمو (yʔassmu)
	f		تقسّمي (tʔassmi)	تقسّم (tʔassim)
imperative	m		قسّم (ʔassim)				قسّمو (ʔassmu)
	f		قسّمي (ʔassmi)

See also

• تقاسم (tʔāsam)

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian قسم (qism), from Arabic قِسْم (qism, “division, sort”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /qɪsm/

• Audio (India):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪsm

Noun

قِسْم • (qism) f (Hindi spelling क़िस्म)

1. kind, type, category, brand

   کس قسم کی چیز ہے؟ ― kis qism kī cīz hai? ― What kind of thing is it?

Declension

Declension of قسم

	singular	plural
direct	قِسْم (qism)	قِسْمیں (qismẽ)
oblique	قِسْم (qism)	قِسْموں (qismõ)
vocative	قِسْم (qism)	قِسْمو (qismo)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian قسم (qasam), from Arabic قَسَم (qasam, “oath, vow”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /qə.səm/

• Audio (Pakistan):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -əm

Noun

قَسَم • (qasam) f (Hindi spelling क़सम)

1. oath, swearing

Declension

Declension of قسم

	singular	plural
direct	قَسَم (qasam)	قَسَمیں (qasamẽ)
oblique	قَسَم (qasam)	قَسَموں (qasamõ)
vocative	قَسَم (qasam)	قَسَمو (qasamo)

Synonyms

• شپتھ (śapath)
• سونہ (sauṅh)
• سوگند (saugand)

References

• Platts, John T. (1884), “قسم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.