同

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See also: 仝, 衕, 何, 向, 回, 伺, and 々
同 U+540C, 同
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-540C
← 吋
[U+540B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 名 →
[U+540D]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
同-order.gif

Han character[edit]

Stroke order
6 strokes

同 (radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 月一口 (BMR), four-corner 77220, composition ⿵冂𠮛)

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 175, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3294
  • Dae Jaweon: page 389, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 578, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+540C

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 同
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
同-oracle.svg 同-bronze.svg 同-silk.svg 同-seal.svg 同-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (同) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鮦 *duʔ, *doːŋ, *doŋʔ
侗 *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
恫 *tʰoːŋ, *doːŋs
痌 *tʰoːŋ
同 *doːŋ
仝 *zlon, *doːŋ
銅 *doːŋ
桐 *doːŋ
峒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
硐 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
筒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
洞 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
烔 *doːŋ
挏 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
酮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
鲖
眮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
衕 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
哃 *doːŋ
絧 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
姛 *doːŋʔ
詷 *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
胴 *doːŋs
駧 *doːŋs
迵 *doːŋs
戙 *doːŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 凡 (“all”) + 口 (“mouth”) – together.

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 同
alternative forms 仝
冈

Perhaps related to Tibetan སྡོང་བ (sdong ba, “to unite; to join”), Mizo intawng (inᴸ-tɔŋᴴ, “to meet together; to tally; to agree”), Mizo intawn (inᴸ-tɔnF, “to meet together; to tally; to agree”). Unrelated to 叢 (OC *zloːŋ, “to collect; thicket”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • tâng - vernacular;
  • tông - literary.
Note:
  • dang5 - vernacular;
  • tong5 - literary.
  • Wu
    Rime
    Character 同
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 定 (7)
    Final (韻) 東 (1)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 徒紅切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/duŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/duŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/duŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/dəwŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/duŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/duŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/dʱuŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		tóng
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 同
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		tóng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ duwng ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*lˁoŋ/
    English together, join

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 同
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 12446
    Phonetic
    component         		同
    Rime
    group         		東
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		同
    Old
    Chinese         		/*doːŋ/
    Notes 甲金文象有節筒管與口協合，
    如此方能音律諧和，
    爲筒    （簫）初文

    Definitions[edit]

    同

    1. same; identical
    2. together; with each other
    3. with (indicating accompaniment or relationship)
    4. and; as well as
    5. used to show comparison
    6. (Cantonese) for
    Synonyms[edit]
    • (and):
    Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 與, 及
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 和
    Mandarin Beijing 和, 跟
    Taiwan 和, 跟
    Jinan 和, 跟, 給
    Xi'an 跟, 連
    Wuhan 跟
    Chengdu 跟, 給
    Yangzhou 跟, 交
    Hefei 跟
    Malaysia 和, 跟
    Singapore 和, 跟
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 帶
    Cantonese Guangzhou 同, 同埋
    Hong Kong 同, 同埋
    Macau 同
    Taishan 同埋
    Yangjiang 鄧, 同
    Kuala Lumpur 同
    Gan Nanchang 跟, 同
    Hakka Meixian 同
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 摎
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 同
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 摎
    Dongshi (Dabu) 同
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 摎
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 和
    Jin Taiyuan 和, 跟
    Min Bei Jian'ou 邀
    Min Dong Fuzhou 共
    Min Nan Xiamen 佮, 交
    Quanzhou 佮, 交
    Zhangzhou 佮
    Taipei 佮
    Kaohsiung 佮
    Tainan 佮
    Taichung 佮
    Penang (Hokkien) 佮
    Singapore (Hokkien) 佮
    Philippines (Manila Hokkien) 佮, 交
    Chaozhou 佮, 共
    Shantou 佮
    Singapore (Teochew) 佮
    Wu Shanghai 搭
    Suzhou 搭
    Wenzhou 搭, 伉
    Xiang Changsha 跟
    Shuangfeng 跟, 同

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 同

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (同):
    • → Japanese: 同(どう) (dō)
    • → Korean: 동 (同, dong)
    • → Vietnamese: đồng (同)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 同 – see 衕 (“passageway; lane; alley; diarrhoea”).
    (This character, 同, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 衕.)
    Notes:

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    同

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]


    Kanji in this term
    同
    どう
    Grade: 2
    kan’yōon

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 同 (duwng, “same”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Prefix[edit]

    同(どう) • (dō-)

    1. same

    Descendants[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    同 (eumhun 한가지 동 (han-gaji dong))

    1. Hanja form? of 동 (“same; identical”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    同: Hán Nôm readings: đồng, đùng, đang

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References[edit]

    • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
    • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
    • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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