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See also: , , and
U+53CA, 及
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53CA

[U+53C9]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+53CB]

及 U+2F836, 及
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F836
灰
[U+2F835]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 叟
[U+2F837]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean
Stroke order
3 strokes
Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 29, +2 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 又+1 in mainland China and Japanese, 4 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 3 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 弓竹水 (NHE), four-corner 17247, composition (GHJV or U+2F836) or (TK))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 165, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3118
  • Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 35, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+53CA

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意): (person) + (hand) – a hand grabbing a person.

Etymology[edit]

Possibly connected to Burmese ကပ် (kap, to arrive at) or Jingpho khap (to carry, to reach) (Starostin and Peiros, 1996) or less likely to Tibetan འགྲུབ་པ ('grub pa) ~ འགྲུབ ('grub, to make ready), སྒྲུབ་པ (sgrub pa) ~ བསྒྲུབ (bsgrub, to complete, achieve), གྲུབ་པ (grub pa, complete) (Schuessler, 2007).

Possibly departing tone derivations are (, “to attain, to reach”), (, “to reach to”), and (, “already”) (Yu, 1948, Baxter, 1992). However, see those entries for more.

Pronunciation[edit]



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕi²⁴/ 來不~
/t͡ɕi⁵³/ ~格
Tianjin /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕji²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕi¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕie³¹/
/t͡ɕi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ²/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕi¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiʔ²/ ~格
Hakka Meixian /kʰip̚⁵/
Taoyuan /kʰip̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰɐp̚²/
Nanning /kɐp̚²²/
Hong Kong /kɐp̚²/
/kʰɐp̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kip̚⁵/
/kʰip̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ki²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kip̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kip̚³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (30)
Final () (142)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter gip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɡˠiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɡᵚip̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɡiep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/gjip̚/
Li
Rong
/ɡjəp̚/
Wang
Li
/ɡĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/gi̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gap6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ gip ›
Old
Chinese
/*[m-k-]rəp/
English reach to

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5664
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡrɯb/

Definitions[edit]

  1. to reach; to extend to
    觸手可触手可  ―  chùshǒukě  ―  at one's fingertips; within reach (literally, "can be reached by the touch of hand")
  2. to catch up to; to reach the level of
      ―    ―  to pass (i.e., to reach the grade for passing)
    愚不可  ―  yúbùkě  ―  inimitable foolishness
  3. to be in time for; in time
    來得来得  ―  láidé  ―  to be or to do something in time
  4. and; as well as
      ―    ―  as well as
  5. a surname

Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1]

及󠄁
+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
及󠄃
+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. and
  2. reach out
  3. exert
  4. exercise
  5. cause

Readings[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ ”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

(eumhun 미칠 (michil geup))

  1. Hanja form? of (extend).
  2. Hanja form? of (reach).
  3. Hanja form? of (come up to).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: cập

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.