及
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Translingual
[edit]Traditional | 及 |
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Simplified | 及 |
Japanese | 及 |
Korean | 及 |
Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]及 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+2 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 又+1 in mainland China and Japanese, 4 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 3 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 弓竹水 (NHE), four-corner 17247, composition ⿻⿹㇋丿乀(GHJV or U+2F836
) or ⿸⿱㇇丿又(TK))
Derived characters
[edit]- 伋, 吸, 圾, 㚫, 𭕅, 岋, 㠷, 𢎽, 彶, 忣, 扱, 汲, 𤜯, 𨸚, 𠀨, 昅, 䏜, 极, 𤆣, 𪻏, 𥘜, 﨤, 𥄫, 砐, 𥝥, 衱, 級(级), 𦐏, 䑥, 𫊩, 觙, 訯, 𧲫, 𧹜, 趿, 𨋃, 鈒(钑), 靸, 𩎕, 𩖪, 馺, 𩨞, 魥(𩽹), 𩾶, 䶋, 𠚵, 䲯, 𫲼, 岌, 㧀, 芨, 㽺, 笈, 𦐅, 𨳛, 雭, 𥻾, 㤂
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 165, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3118
- Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 35, character 1
- Unihan data for U+53CA
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 及 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 及 | |
alternative forms | 﨤 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 及 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 人 (“person”) + 又 (“hand”) – a hand grabbing a person.
Etymology
[edit]Possibly connected to Burmese ကပ် (kap, “to arrive at”) or Jingpho khap (“to carry, to reach”) (Starostin and Peiros, 1996) or less likely to Tibetan འགྲུབ་པ ('grub pa) ~ འགྲུབ ('grub, “to make ready”), སྒྲུབ་པ (sgrub pa) ~ བསྒྲུབ (bsgrub, “to complete, achieve”), གྲུབ་པ (grub pa, “complete”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Possibly departing tone derivations are 暨 (jì, “to attain, to reach”), 迄 (qì, “to reach to”), and 既 (jì, “already”) (Yu, 1948, Baxter, 1992). However, see those entries for more.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jie2 / ji2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qit7
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jieh5
- Northern Min (KCR): gĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): gĭk
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gih7
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ji6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jí
- Wade–Giles: chi2
- Yale: jí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
- Palladius: цзи (czi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: jie2 / ji2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gie / gi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiɛ²¹/, /t͡ɕi²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kap6 / gap6
- Yale: kahp / gahp
- Cantonese Pinyin: kap9 / gap9
- Guangdong Romanization: keb6 / geb6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɐp̚²/, /kɐp̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: giap5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiap̚³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qit7
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰit̚²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khi̍p
- Hakka Romanization System: kib
- Hagfa Pinyim: kib6
- Sinological IPA: /kʰip̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: jieh5
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ki²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gĭk
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gih7
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gih7
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiʔ²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: gip
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-k-]rəp/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯb/
Definitions
[edit]及
- to reach; to extend to; to reach the level of
- 觸手可及/触手可及 ― chùshǒukějí ― at one's fingertips; within reach (literally, "can be reached by the touch of hand")
- 及格 ― jígé ― to pass (i.e., to reach the grade for passing)
- to catch up; to be in time
- to be equal; to be comparable; to match
- 愚不可及 ― yúbùkějí ― foolish beyond reach; unmatched foolishness
- 2022, 陳琰冰 [Yanbing Chen] (lyrics and music), “榮耀至高神 [Glory in the Highest]”[2]performed by 讚美之泉 [Stream of Praise Music]:
- and; as well as
- 以及 ― yǐjí ― as well as
- (Hokkien) to hold something tightly with one's five fingers
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 三元及第
- 不及 (bùjí)
- 不可企及 (bùkě qǐjí)
- 不可及 (bùkějí)
- 不足齒及/不足齿及
- 世及
- 以及 (yǐjí)
- 企及 (qǐjí)
- 來不及/来不及 (láibùjí)
- 來得及/来得及 (láidejí)
- 信及豚魚/信及豚鱼
- 兄死弟及
- 兄終弟及/兄终弟及 (xiōngzhōngdìjí)
- 八及
- 劍及履及/剑及履及
- 力所能及 (lìsuǒnéngjí)
- 危及 (wēijí)
- 又及
- 及今
- 及冠
- 及早 (jízǎo)
- 及時/及时 (jíshí)
- 及時行樂/及时行乐 (jíshíxínglè)
- 及時雨/及时雨 (jíshíyǔ)
- 及期
- 及格 (jígé)
- 及熱釜炊/及热釜炊
- 及物動詞/及物动词 (jíwù dòngcí)
- 及瓜
- 及瓜而代
- 及第 (jídì)
- 及第花
- 及笄 (jíjī)
- 及鋒/及锋
- 及鋒而試/及锋而试
- 及門/及门
- 及齡/及龄 (jílíng)
- 唯恐不及
- 噬臍何及/噬脐何及
- 噬臍無及/噬脐无及
- 噬臍莫及/噬脐莫及
- 埃及 (Āijí)
- 埃及曆/埃及历
- 央及 (yāngjí)
- 奈及利亞/奈及利亚 (Nàijílìyà)
- 始料不及 (shǐliàobùjí)
- 始料未及 (shǐliàowèijí)
- 屨及劍及/屦及剑及
- 後悔不及/后悔不及
- 後悔何及/后悔何及
- 後悔無及/后悔无及
- 後悔莫及/后悔莫及 (hòuhuǐmòjí)
- 恕己及人
- 恕己及物
- 悔之不及
- 悔之亡及
- 悔之何及
- 悔之無及/悔之无及
- 悔之莫及 (huǐzhīmòjí)
- 惠及 (huìjí)
- 愚不可及 (yúbùkějí)
- 愛屋及烏/爱屋及乌 (àiwūjíwū)
- 措不及防
- 推及
- 推己及人 (tuījǐjírén)
- 措手不及 (cuòshǒubùjí)
- 提及 (tíjí)
- 擴及/扩及
- 料及 (liàojí)
- 旁及
- 普及 (pǔjí)
- 普及教育
- 普及本
- 普及率 (pǔjílǜ)
- 望塵不及/望尘不及
- 望塵莫及/望尘莫及 (wàngchénmòjí)
- 朝不及夕
- 未及 (wèijí)
- 榮名及親/荣名及亲
- 殃及池魚/殃及池鱼 (yāngjíchíyú)
- 比及
- 沒及奈何/没及奈何
- 波及 (bōjí)
- 波及無辜/波及无辜
- 涉及 (shèjí)
- 澤及/泽及
- 澤及枯骨/泽及枯骨
- 無及/无及 (wújí)
- 無所不及/无所不及
- 狀元及第/状元及第
- 狧糠及米
- 猝不及防 (cùbùjífáng)
- 目光所及 (mùguāngsuǒjí)
- 萬不及一/万不及一
- 等不及 (děngbùjí)
- 累及 (lěijí)
- 聯科及第/联科及第
- 舐糠及米
- 行不及言
- 觸及/触及 (chùjí)
- 觸手可及/触手可及 (chùshǒukějí)
- 觸目所及/触目所及
- 言不及私
- 言不及義/言不及义 (yánbùjíyì)
- 詐奸不及
- 論及婚嫁/论及婚嫁
- 謀及婦人/谋及妇人
- 走及奔馬/走及奔马
- 趕不及/赶不及 (gǎnbùjí)
- 趕得及/赶得及 (gǎndejí)
- 迫不及待 (pòbùjídài)
- 追悔不及
- 追悔何及
- 追駟不及/追驷不及
- 進士及第/进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)
- 遍及 (biànjí)
- 過猶不及/过犹不及 (guòyóubùjí)
- 遙不可及/遥不可及
- 阿爾及爾/阿尔及尔 (Ā'ěrjí'ěr)
- 雞不及鳳/鸡不及凤
- 鞭不及腹
- 鞭長莫及/鞭长莫及 (biānchángmòjí)
- 顧及/顾及 (gùjí)
- 馬不及鞍/马不及鞍 (mǎ bùjí ān)
- 駟不及舌/驷不及舌
- 齒及/齿及 (chǐjí)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “及”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 及 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
及󠄁 及+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
及󠄃 及+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ごう (gō)←ごふ (gofu, historical)
- Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)←きふ (kifu, historical)
- Kun: および (oyobi, 及び, Jōyō)、およぶ (oyobu, 及ぶ, Jōyō)、およぼす (oyobosu, 及ぼす, Jōyō)
- Nanori: いたる (itaru)、おい (oi)、しき (shiki)、たか (taka)、ちか (chika)
References
[edit]- ^ “及”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading きゅう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading きふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading およ・び
- Japanese kanji with kun reading およ・ぶ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading およ・ぼす
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading いたる
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading おい
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading しき
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たか
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