叟

See also: 叜

叟 U+53DF, 叟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53DF ← 叞 [U+53DE] CJK Unified Ideographs 叠 → [U+53E0]

叟 U+2F837, 叟 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F837 ← 及 [U+2F836] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𠭣 → [U+2F838]

Translingual

Alternative forms

• In Taiwan and Hong Kong, this character and its derived characters are written with 𦥑 (7 strokes) as the upper component while in mainland China, this character and its derivatives are written with 臼 (6 strokes) as the upper component.
• A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+2F837(composition: ⿱申又) and is encoded for a historical variant found in the Ming dynasty dictionary 《重訂直音篇》.

Han character

• U+53DF 叟 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+8 in traditional Chinese, 又+7 in simplified Chinese, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese, 9 strokes in simplified Chinese, cangjie input 竹難中水 (HXLE), four-corner 7740₇, composition ⿱⿻臼丨又(G) or ⿱⿻𦥑丨又(HTJK))
• U+2F837 叟 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 中中水 (LLE), composition ⿱申又)

Derived characters

• 傁, 嗖, 𭎾, 嫂, 𡻁, 㥰, 搜, 溲, 遚, 膄, 㮴, 𣯜, 𭵕, 獀, 瞍, 𥕋, 𦃈, 䏂, 艘, 螋, 謏(𫍲), 𧳶, 𫌆, 𧽏, 醙, 鎪(锼), 𩌅, 颼(飕), 餿(馊), 騪(𩨄), 𩴍, 䱸(𫠑), 鄋, 㪢, 㲣, 𠭦, 㟬, 𤔣, 蓃, 𥰞, 𠪇, 廋, 瘦, 𱈷 (Note: Different form used in mainland China)
• 捜, 痩 (Japanese shinjitai containing U+2F837(⿱申又))

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 166, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3176
• Dae Jaweon: page 378, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 399, character 1
• Unihan data for U+53DF

• Unihan data for U+2F837

Chinese

trad.		叟
simp. #		叟
2nd round simp.		⿱由又
alternative forms		⿱申又 historical variant 叜 ancient 𡨎 傁 ancient 𠋢

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (叟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
㮴	*suːw
艘	*suːw, *sɯːw
嫂	*suːwʔ
瞍	*sɯːw, *suːʔ
謏	*slɯːwʔ, *suːʔ, *suːs, *srɯwɢ
叜	*sluːʔ
叟	*suːʔ
傁	*suːʔ
廋	*suːʔ, *sru
醙	*suʔ, *sru
遚	*sʰrus
餿	*sru
搜	*sru
颼	*sru
溲	*sru, *sruʔ
鎪	*sru
獀	*sru
鄋	*sru
螋	*sru, *sro
騪	*sru
瘦	*srus

Originally 叜. Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 宀 (“roof; house”) + 火 (“fire”) + 又 (“hand”) – hand holding a torch in the house – original form of 搜 (“to search”).

Since the clerical script, the top components 宀 and 火 have merged into the unrelated 𦥔.

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sǒu (sou³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄡˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sau²
• Eastern Min (BUC): sēu
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): só͘ / só

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sou²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵seu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sǒu
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄡˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sǒu
    • Wade–Giles: sou³
    • Yale: sǒu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: soou
    • Palladius: соу (sou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /soʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sau²
    • Yale: sáu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sau²
    • Guangdong Romanization: seo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯³⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sēu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛu³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: só͘
    • Tâi-lô: sóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sor
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /sɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: só
    • Tâi-lô: só
    • Phofsit Daibuun: soir
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /so⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sou²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sóu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sou⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵seu
    • MiniDict: seu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²seu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sɤ³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: suwX

Rime
Character	叟
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇后切
Baxter	suwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/səuX/
Pan Wuyun	/səuX/
Shao Rongfen	/səuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/səwX/
Li Rong	/suX/
Wang Li	/səuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/sə̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sǒu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sau2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-ruʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*suːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	叟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sǒu
Middle Chinese	‹ suwX ›
Old Chinese	/*s-ruʔ/ (dialect: > *sruʔ > MC srjuwX > sruwX > suwX)
English	old man
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	叟
Reading #	1/1
No.	12070
Phonetic component	叟
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	叜
Old Chinese	/*suːʔ/
Notes	同叜隸變

Definitions

叟

1. ^† old man; old gentleman
2. ^† (honorific) Term of address for an elderly man: sir

   • 王曰：「叟！不遠千里而來，亦將有以利吾國乎？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     王曰：「叟！不远千里而来，亦将有以利吾国乎？」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Wáng yuē: “Sǒu! Bù yuǎn qiān lǐ ér lái, yì jiāng yǒu yǐ lì wú guó hū?” [Pinyin]

     The king said, “Venerable sir, since you have not counted it far to come here, a distance of a thousand li, may I presume that you are provided with counsels to profit my kingdom?”

Compounds

• 北叟失馬／北叟失马
• 叟兵
• 叟叟
• 河曲智叟
• 漫叟
• 煙波釣叟／烟波钓叟
• 白叟
• 白叟黃童／白叟黄童
• 瞽叟
• 童叟無欺／童叟无欺
• 老叟
• 蒙叟
• 迂叟
• 野叟曝言
• 釣叟／钓叟
• 黃童白叟／黄童白叟

 

Japanese

Kanji

叟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): そう (sō); しゅう (shū)
• Kun: おきな (okina, 叟)

Korean

Hanja

叟 (eum 수 (su))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

叟: Hán Nôm readings: tẩu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.