利

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利 U+5229, 利
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5229
← 刨
[U+5228] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刪 →
[U+522A]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character[edit]

利 (radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹木中弓 (HDLN), four-corner 22900, composition ⿰禾刂)

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 138, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1932
  • Dae Jaweon: page 313, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 329, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5229

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 利

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 利
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
利-oracle.svg 利-bronze.svg 利-silk.svg 利-seal.svg 利-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (利) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
犁 *riːl, *ril
黎 *riːl
莉 *riːl, *r'il, *r'i
黧 *riːl
鯬 *riːl, *ril
筣 *riːl, *ri
蔾 *riːl, *ril
藜 *riːl
邌 *riːl
瓈 *riːl
鵹 *rel
棃 *ril
梨 *ril
蟍 *ril
蜊 *ril
鑗 *ril
利 *rids
痢 *rids
浰 *riːns

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 禾 (“grain”) + 刀 (“knife”) – to reap grain (禾) with a knife (刀).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ri:t (“to reap, scrape, shave, cut, sever”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007); cognate to Mizo rîit (“to scrap with a hoe”), Western Gurung [script needed] (wriqba, “to scratch”), Burmese ရိတ် (rit, “to cut, reap, mow shave”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: lê - sense “sharp” only.
Note:
  • lāi - vernacular;
  • lī - literary.
  • Wu
    Rime
    Character 利
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 脂 (15)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 力至切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/liɪH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/liH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ljɪH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/liH/
    Li
    Rong         		/liH/
    Wang
    Li         		/liH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/liH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lì
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 利
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		lì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ lijH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.ri[t]-s/
    English sharp; profit

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 利
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 7898
    Phonetic
    component         		利
    Rime
    group         		至
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		利
    Old
    Chinese         		/*rids/

    Definitions[edit]

    利

    1. benefit; advantage
    2. (finance) interest
    3. to benefit; to be beneficial to
    4. favourable; successful
    5. sharp; sharp-edged
    6. A surname​.

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 利

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    利

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. profit, benefit

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    利
    り
    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 利 (lijH, “profit”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    利(り) • (ri) 

    1. profit, benefit, advantage

    Antonyms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    利 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    利: Hán Việt readings: lợi[1][2][3]
    利: Nôm readings: lời[1][2][3][4], lợi[1][2][3], rời[1][2], rơi[1], ráy[1], lì[3]

    1. Hán tự form of lợi (“profit”).
    2. Nôm form of lời (“profit; interest”).

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Trần (2004).
    4. ^ Hồ (1976).
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