慎

See also: 愼 and 惧

§Translingual

shinjitai	慎
simplified	慎
traditional	慎

§Alternative forms

Note the different forms, corresponds to different forms of 真.

§Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 真 – a behavior trait (heart), care, caution. Note that 真 means “truth, genuine, sincerity”, hence connotations of “acting sincerely, with care”.

§Han character

慎 (radical 61 心+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 心十月金 (PJBC), four-corner 9408₁, composition ⿰忄真)

1. act with care, be cautious

§References

• KangXi: not present, would follow page 398, character 26
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11024
• Dae Jaweon: page 735, character 35
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2336, character 2
• Unihan data for U+614E

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§Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		慎

§Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shèn (shen⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): san⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: shèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˋ
    • Wade-Giles: shên⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenn
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: san⁶
    • Yale: sahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: san⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /sɐn²²/

Old Chinese pronunciation (慎, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
慎								shèn								‹ dzyinH ›								/*[d]i[n]-s/								careful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
慎					17082					眞					眞					1					愼					/*djins/

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§Japanese

§Proper noun

慎 (hiragana しん, romaji Shin)

1. A male given name

§Kanji

慎

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. humility
2. be careful
3. discrete
4. prudent

§Readings

• On: しん (shin)
• Kun: つつしむ (tsutsushimu), つつしみ (tsutsushimi)

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§Vietnamese

§Han character

慎 (thận)

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