刃

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See also: 刄 and 刅

刃	U+5203, 刃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5203

← 刂
[U+5202]

CJK Unified Ideographs

刄 →
[U+5204]

刃	U+2F81E, 刃 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F81E

← 凵
[U+2F81D]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

㓟 →
[U+2F81F]

Translingual[edit]

Japanese	刃
Simplified	刃
Traditional	刃

Alternative forms[edit]

Note the compositional differences between traditional, simplified, and Japanese shinjitai in the placement of the additional stroke.

Han character[edit]

Stroke order

刃 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹戈 (SHI), four-corner 1742₀, composition ⿹刀丿(G) or ⿹刀丶(HTKV) or ⿻刀丶(J))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

KangXi: page 136, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1850
Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 320, character 3
Unihan data for U+5203

Unihan data for U+2F81E

Chinese[edit]

trad.		刃
simp. ^#		刃

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 刃
Shang	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (刃) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涊	nɯːnʔ, njɯnʔ
紉	*nɯn
忍	*njɯnʔ
荵	*njɯnʔ
刃	*njɯns
認	njɯns, njɯŋs
仞	*njɯns
軔	*njɯns
韌	*njɯns
肕	*njɯns
牣	*njɯns
杒	*njɯns
訒	*njɯns

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 刀 (“knife”) + 丶.

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rèn (ren⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁶
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): ngiun⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): līm / jīm / līn / jīn

(Teochew, Peng'im): rim²
Wu (Wiktionary): zen (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: rèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renn
  - Tongyong Pinyin: rèn
  - Wade–Giles: jên⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jan⁶
  - Yale: yahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn²²/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngiun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ɲiun⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līm
  - Tâi-lô: līm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lim
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lim⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lim²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lim³³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīm
  - Tâi-lô: jīm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jim
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑim²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑim³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līn
  - Tâi-lô: līn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lin
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lin²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lin⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīn
  - Tâi-lô: jīn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jin
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑin²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: rim²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jím
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zim⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: zen (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̥əɲ²³/

Middle Chinese: /ȵiɪn^H/

Rime
Character	刃
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	而振切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵin^H/
Li Rong	/ȵiĕn^H/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*nə[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*njɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刃
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rèn
Middle Chinese	‹ nyin^H ›
Old Chinese	/*nə[n]-s/
English	edge of a blade
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刃
Reading #	1/1
No.	10831
Phonetic component	刃
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	刃
Old Chinese	/*njɯns/

Definitions[edit]

刃

blade; knife edge
sword; knife
^† to kill with a sword or knife

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (刃):

→ Japanese: 刃(じん) (jin)
→ Korean: 인 (刃, in)

Compounds[edit]

兵不血刃 (bīngbùxuèrèn)
兵刃 (bīngrèn)
刀刃 (dāorèn)
刃角
利刃 (lìrèn)
剚刃
合刃
手刃
推刃
白刃 (báirèn)
目牛游刃

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai	刃
Kyūjitai

Kanji[edit]

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 刃

刃

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Go-on: にん (nin)
Kan-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
Kun: は (ha, 刃, Jōyō); やいば (yaiba, 刃)
Nanori: ち (chi); と (to)

Compounds[edit]

刃(にん)傷(じょう) (ninjō)

Alternative forms[edit]

Kanji in this term
刃
は Grade: S
kun’yomi

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

刃

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Blade

(zokuji) 刄

Etymology 1[edit]

/pa/ → /ɸa/ → /ha/

From Old Japanese.

Cognate with 歯 (ha, “tooth”).^[1]^[2] Possibly also related to 葉 (ha, “leaf”). Compare English blade.

Pronunciation[edit]

(Tokyo) は [háꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ha̠]

Noun[edit]

刃(は) • (ha)

any sharp and thin cutting implement: a blade, edge

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Idioms[edit]

剣(つるぎ)の刃(は)を渡(わた)る (tsurugi no ha o wataru)

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
刃
やいば Grade: S
kun’yomi

/jaki ɸa/ → /jakiba/ → /jaĩba/ → /jaiba/

Shift from 焼き刃 (yakiba), a compound of 焼き (yaki, “burned, fired”) +‎ 刃 (ha, “edge, blade”, see above).^[1]^[2] The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

First attested in the Taiheiki of the late 1300s.^[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

(Tokyo) やいば [yáꜜìbà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
(Tokyo) やいば [yàíbá] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ja̠iba̠]

Noun[edit]

刃(やいば) • (yaiba)

a forged blade, such as a sword
the wavy pattern formed in the metal on the surface of a forged blade
a sword or similar edged weapon
something sharp like a sword
someone or something powerful

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

刃(やいば)の験(げん)者(じゃ) (yaiba no genja)
氷(こおり)の刃(やいば) (kōri no yaiba)
心(こころ)の刃(やいば) (kokoro no yaiba)
邪(じゃ)見(けん)の刃(やいば) (jaken no yaiba)
情(なさ)けに刃(は)向(む)かう刃(やいば)なし (nasake ni hamukau yaiba nashi)

Idioms[edit]

笑(しょう)中(ちゅう)に刃(やいば)を研(と)ぐ (shōchū ni yaiba o togu)
刃(やいば)に掛(か)かる (yaiba ni kakaru)
刃(やいば)に血(ち)塗(ぬ)らず (yaiba ni chi nurazu)
刃(やいば)に伏(ふ)す (yaiba ni fusu)

Proverbs[edit]

刃(やいば)は切(き)れるが重宝(ちょうほう) (yaiba wa kireru ga chōhō, “for a blade, cutting [sharpness] is precious” → the highest value of a tool is its ability to do what it is designed for)

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
刃
じん Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 刃 (MC ȵiɪn^H).

Pronunciation[edit]

(Tokyo) じん [jíꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑĩɴ]

Noun[edit]

刃(じん) • (jin)

a blade, edge

Idioms[edit]

刃(じん)に伏(ふ)す (jin ni fusu)
刃(じん)を迎(むか)えて解(と)く (jin o mukaete toku, “to fall before the blade” → a metaphor for extreme strength or power)

Affix[edit]

刃(じん) • (jin)

blade, edge
bladed object (knife, sword, etc.)
kill with a bladed object, put to the sword

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

References[edit]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

刃 (eum 인 (in))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Old Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with 歯 (pa, “tooth”).^[1]^[2] Possibly also related to 葉 (pa, “leaf”). Compare English blade.

Noun[edit]

刃 (pa) (kana は)

any sharp and thin cutting implement: a blade, edge

Descendants[edit]

Japanese: 刃 (ha, yaiba)

References[edit]

^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading[edit]

葉 (“leaf”) entry at Gogen-Allguide (in Japanese)

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

刃: Hán Nôm readings: nhẫn, nhấn, nhận

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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