刃

See also: 刄 and 刅

刃	U+5203, 刃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5203

← 刂
[U+5202]

CJK Unified Ideographs

刄 →
[U+5204]

刃	U+2F81E, 刃 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F81E

← 凵
[U+2F81D]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

㓟 →
[U+2F81F]

Translingual[edit]

Japanese	刃
Simplified	刃
Traditional	刃

Alternative forms[edit]

Note the compositional differences between traditional, simplified, and Japanese shinjitai in the placement of the additional stroke.

Han character[edit]

Stroke order

刃 (radical 18, 刀+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹戈 (SHI), four-corner 1742₀, composition ⿹刀丿(G) or ⿹刀丶(HTKV) or ⿻刀丶(J))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

KangXi: page 136, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1850
Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 320, character 3
Unihan data for U+5203

Unihan data for U+2F81E

Chinese[edit]

trad.		刃
simp. ^#		刃

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 刃
Shang	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (刃) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涊	nɯːnʔ, njɯnʔ
紉	*nɯn
忍	*njɯnʔ
荵	*njɯnʔ
刃	*njɯns
認	njɯns, njɯŋs
仞	*njɯns
軔	*njɯns
韌	*njɯns
肕	*njɯns
牣	*njɯns
杒	*njɯns
訒	*njɯns

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 刀 (“knife”) + 丶.

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rèn (ren⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁶
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): līm / jīm / līn / jīn

(Teochew, Peng'im): rim²
Wu (Wiktionary): zen (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: rèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˋ
  - Wade–Giles: jên⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renn
  - Tongyong Pinyin: rèn
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jan⁶
  - Yale: yahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn²²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līm
  - Tâi-lô: līm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lim
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lim⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lim²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lim³³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīm
  - Tâi-lô: jīm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jim
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑim²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑim³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līn
  - Tâi-lô: līn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lin
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lin²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lin⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīn
  - Tâi-lô: jīn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jin
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑin²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: rim²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jím
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zim⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: zen (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̻əɲ²³/

Middle Chinese: /ȵiɪn^H/

Rime
Character	刃
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	而振切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵin^H/
Li Rong	/ȵiĕn^H/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rèn

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*nə[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*njɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刃
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rèn
Middle Chinese	‹ nyin^H ›
Old Chinese	/*nə[n]-s/
English	edge of a blade
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刃
Reading #	1/1
No.	10831
Phonetic component	刃
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	刃
Old Chinese	/*njɯns/

Definitions[edit]

刃

blade; knife edge
sword; knife
^† to kill with a sword or knife

Compounds[edit]

芙蓉刃
血刃
袖刃
赴火蹈刃
軍不血刃／军不血刃
迎刃而解 (yíngrèn'érjiě)
遊刃有餘／游刃有余 (yóurèn-yǒuyú)
鋒刃／锋刃
開刃／开刃 (kāirèn)
餘刃／余刃

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Go-on: にん (nin)
Kan-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
Kun: は (ha, 刃, Jōyō); やいば (yaiba, 刃); な (na, 刃); きる (kiru, 刃る)
Nanori: ち (chi); と (to)

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Alternative forms[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

刃

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Blade

Wikipedia

Kanji in this term
刃
は Grade: S
kun’yomi

刄

Etymology 1[edit]

/pa/ → /fa/ → /ha/

From Old Japanese.

Cognate with 歯 (ha, “tooth”).^[1]^[2] Possibly also related to 葉 (ha, “leaf”). Compare English blade.

Pronunciation[edit]

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) は [háꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
- IPA^(key): [ha̠]

Noun[edit]

刃(は) • (ha)

an edge, blade

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

刃(は)毀(こぼ)れ (hakobore)
刃向(はむ)かう (hamukau)
刃(は)物(もの) (hamono)
刃(は)渡(わた)り (hawatari)
替(かえ)刃(ば), 替(か)え刃(ば) (kaeba)
片(かた)刃(ば) (kataba), 片(かた)刃(は) (kataha)
白(しら)刃(は) (shiraha)
直(すぐ)刃(は) (suguha)
円(まる)刃(ば), 丸(まる)刃(ば) (maruba)
乱(みだ)れ刃(ば) (midareba)
両(もろ)刃(は) (moroha)
諸(もろ)刃(は), 双(もろ)刃(は) (moroha)
焼(やき)刃(ば), 焼(や)き刃(ば) (yakiba)
- 刃(やいば) (yaiba, “sword, blade”, see above)
両(りょう)刃(ば) (ryōba)

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
刃
やいば Grade: S
kun’yomi

/jaki pa/ → /jakiba/ → /jaĩba/ → /jaiba/

Shift from 焼き刃 (yakiba), a compound of 焼き (yaki, “burned, fired”) +‎ 刃 (ha, “edge, blade”, see above).^[1]^[2] The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

First attested in the Taiheiki of the late 1300s.^[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) やいば [yáꜜìbà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
- (Tokyo) やいば [yàíbá] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
- IPA^(key): [ja̠iba̠]

Noun[edit]

刃(やいば) • (yaiba)

a forged blade, such as a sword
the wavy pattern formed in the metal on the surface of a forged blade
a sword or similar edged weapon
something sharp like a sword
someone or something powerful

Derived terms[edit]

氷(こおり)の刃(やいば) (kōri no yaiba)
心(こころ)の刃(やいば) (kokoro no yaiba)
邪見(じゃけん)の刃(やいば) (jaken no yaiba)
情(なさ)けに刃向(はむ)かう刃(やいば)なし (nasake ni hamukau yaiba nashi)

Idioms[edit]

刃(やいば)に掛(か)かる (yaiba ni kakaru)
刃(やいば)に伏(ふ)す (yaiba ni fusu)
刃(やいば)は切(き)れるが重宝(ちょうほう) (yaiba wa kireru ga chōhō): “for a blade, cutting [sharpness] is precious” → the highest value of a tool is its ability to do what it is designed for

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
刃
な Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.^[1]^[2] Possibly cognate with Korean 날 (nal, “blade”).

Obsolete in modern Japanese. Only found as an element in compounds.

Pronunciation[edit]

Kun’yomi
- IPA^(key): [na̠]

Noun[edit]

刃(な) • (na)

(obsolete) a blade, edge
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 4, poem 616),^[3] text here
  劔(つるぎ)大刀(たち)名(なの)惜雲(をしけく)吾(もわれ)者(は)無(なし)君(きみ)尓(に)不相(あはず)而(て)年(とし)之経去礼者(のへぬれば) [Man'yōgana]
  剣(つるぎ)太刀(たち)名(な)の惜(を)しけくも我(わ)れはなし君(きみ)に逢(あ)はずて年(とし)の経(へ)ぬれば [Modern spelling]
  tsurugitachi na no oshikeku mo ware wa nashi kimi ni awazute toshi no henureba
  I do not even miss precious you, given the years that have passed without meeting with you.
  
  [Note: tsurugi tachi (“sword”) is a pillow word establishing a poetic association with the following na, literally meaning blade or edge and alluding to sharpness and importance. This na could also elliptically mean name (名 na) or even you (汝 na), depending on context, based on the homophonic readings.]

Derived terms[edit]

刀(かたな) (katana)

Etymology 4[edit]

Kanji in this term
刃
じん Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 刃 (MC ȵiɪn^H).

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) じん [jíꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
- IPA^(key): [d͡ʑĩɴ]

Noun[edit]

刃(じん) • (jin)

a blade, a sword

Idioms[edit]

刃(じん)に伏(ふ)す (jin ni fusu)
刃(じん)を迎(むか)えて解(と)く (jin o mukaete toku): “to fall before the blade” → a metaphor for extreme strength or power

References[edit]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1999, →ISBN.

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

刃 (eum 인 (in))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

刃: Hán Nôm readings: nhẫn, nhấn, nhận

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[KDJ-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[3] Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1999, →ISBN.

[1]

[2]

[3]

刃

Translingual[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Han character[edit]

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Idioms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Idioms[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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