刃
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Contents
Translingual[edit]
| Japanese | 刃 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 刃 |
| Traditional | 刃 |
Alternative forms[edit]
Note the compositional differences between traditional, simplified, and Japanese shinjitai in the placement of the additional stroke.
Han character[edit]
刃 (radical 18, 刀+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹戈 (SHI), four-corner 17420, composition ⿹刀丿(G) or ⿹刀丶(HTKV) or ⿻刀丶(J))
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 136, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1850
- Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 320, character 3
- Unihan data for U+5203
- Unihan data for U+2F81E
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 刃 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 刃 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 刃 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (刃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 涊 | *nɯːnʔ, *njɯnʔ |
| 紉 | *nɯn |
| 忍 | *njɯnʔ |
| 荵 | *njɯnʔ |
| 刃 | *njɯns |
| 認 | *njɯns, *njɯŋs |
| 仞 | *njɯns |
| 軔 | *njɯns |
| 韌 | *njɯns |
| 肕 | *njɯns |
| 牣 | *njɯns |
| 杒 | *njɯns |
| 訒 | *njɯns |
Ideogrammic compound (會意): 刀 (“knife”) + 丶.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
刃
Compounds[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
刃
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: にん (nin)
- Kan-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
- Kun: は (ha, 刃, Jōyō); やいば (yaiba, 刃); な (na, 刃); きる (kiru, 刃る)
- Nanori: ち (chi); と (to)
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
Alternative forms[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 刃 |
| は Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology 1[edit]
/pa/ → /fa/ → /ha/
From Old Japanese.
Cognate with 歯 (ha, “tooth”).[1][2] Possibly also related to 葉 (ha, “leaf”). Compare English blade.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 刃 |
| やいば Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
/jaki pa/ → /jakiba/ → /jaĩba/ → /jaiba/
Shift from 焼き刃 (yakiba), a compound of 焼き (yaki, “burned, fired”) + 刃 (ha, “edge, blade”, see below).[1][2] The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
刃 (hiragana やいば, rōmaji yaiba)
- a forged blade, such as a sword
- the wavy pattern formed in the metal on the surface of a forged blade
- a sword or similar edged weapon
- something sharp like a sword
- someone or something powerful
Derived terms[edit]
- 氷の刃 (kōri no yaiba)
- 心の刃 (kokoro no yaiba)
- 邪見の刃 (jaken no yaiba)
- 情けに刃向かう刃なし (nasake ni hamukau yaiba nashi)
Idioms[edit]
- 刃に掛かる (yaiba ni kakaru)
- 刃に伏す (yaiba ni fusu)
- 刃は切れるが重宝 (yaiba wa kireru ga chōhō): “for a blade, cutting [sharpness] is precious” → the highest value of a tool is its ability to do what it is designed for
Etymology 3[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 刃 |
| な Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese.[1][2] Possibly cognate with Korean 날 (nal, “blade”).
Obsolete in modern Japanese. Only found as an element in compounds.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (obsolete) a blade, edge
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 4, poem 616),[3] text here
- 劔大刀名惜雲吾者無君尓不相而年之経去礼者 [Man'yōgana]
- 剣太刀名の惜しけくも我れはなし君に逢はずて年の経ぬれば [Modern spelling]
- tsurugitachi na no oshikeku mo ware wa nashi kimi ni awazute toshi no henureba
- I do not even miss precious you, given the years that have passed without meeting with you.
- [Note: tsurugi tachi (“sword”) is a pillow word establishing a poetic association with the following na, literally meaning blade or edge and alluding to sharpness and importance. This na could also elliptically mean name (名 na) or even you (汝 na), depending on context, based on the homophonic readings.]
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 4, poem 616),[3] text here
Derived terms[edit]
- 刀 (katana)
Etymology 4[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 刃 |
| じん Grade: S |
| kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 刃 (MC ȵiɪnH).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Idioms[edit]
- 刃に伏す (jin ni fusu)
- 刃を迎えて解く (jin o mukaete toku): “to fall before the blade” → a metaphor for extreme strength or power
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1999, →ISBN.
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
刃 • (in) (hangeul 인, revised in, McCune–Reischauer in)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading は
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やいば
- Japanese kanji with kun reading な
- Japanese kanji with kun reading き-る
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading じん
- Japanese kanji with goon reading にん
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ち
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading と
- Japanese terms spelled with 刃 read as は
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
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- Japanese lemmas
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- Japanese terms spelled with 刃 read as やいば
- Japanese compound words
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- Japanese terms spelled with 刃 read as な
- Japanese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 刃 read as じん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Korean lemmas
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