sword

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: Sword and s-word

English[edit]

A sword lying beside its scabbard.

Alternative forms[edit]

swerd (obsolete)

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English sword, swerd, from Old English sweord (“sword”), from Proto-Germanic *swerdą (“sword”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂w- (“sharp”). Cognate with Scots swuird, swerd, sword (“sword”), North Frisian swird (“sword”), West Frisian swurd (“sword”), Dutch zwaard (“sword”), Low German Sweerd, Schwert (“sword”), German Schwert (“sword”), Danish sværd, Norwegian sverd, Swedish svärd (“sword”), Icelandic sverð (“sword”), Old East Slavic свьрдьлъ (svĭrdĭlŭ, “drill”).

Pronunciation[edit]

(General American) IPA^(key): /sɔɹd/
(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /sɔːd/
(rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /so(ː)ɹd/
(non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /soəd/
Audio (US)
(file)
Audio
(file)
Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)d
Homophone: soared; sawed (non-rhotic accents with the horse–hoarse merger)

Noun[edit]

sword (plural swords)

(weaponry) A long-bladed weapon with a hilt, and usually a pommel and cross-guard, which is designed to stab, slash, and/or hack.
- 1591, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part III, Act II, Scene II, line 59.
  Unsheathe your sword and dub him presently.
- 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 49.
  Some swords were also made solely to thrust, and some only to cut; others were equally adapted for both.
(tarot) A suit in the minor arcana in tarot.
(tarot) A card of this suit.
(weaving) One of the end bars by which the lay of a hand loom is suspended.
(heraldry) The weapon, often used as a heraldic charge.

Coordinate terms[edit]

(weaponry): bayonet, claymore, cutlass, dagger, epee, épée, falchion, foil, katana, knife, machete, rapier, sabre, saber, scimitar, vorpal, yataghan, yatagan

Derived terms[edit]

terms derived from sword (noun)

Translations[edit]

weapon

Abkhaz: аса (āsā)
Adyghe: чатэ (čātă)
Afrikaans: swaard
Albanian: shpatë (sq) f, pallë (sq) f
Amharic: ሰይፍ (säyf)
Arabic: سَيْف‎ (ar) m (sayf)
Egyptian Arabic: سيف‎ m (sēf)

Hijazi Arabic: سيف‎ m (sēf)
Armenian: թուր (hy) (tʿur), սուր (hy) (sur)
Aromanian: apalã f, spatã f, coardã f, cealãmi f, lipidã f
Assamese: তৰোৱাল (torüal), হেংদাং (heṅdaṅ)
Asturian: espada f
Avar: кӏалден (ḳalden)
Azerbaijani: qılınc (az)
Baluchi: زہم‎ (zahm)
Bashkir: ҡылыс (qïlïs)
Basque: ezpata (eu)
Belarusian: ша́бля f (šáblja), меч m (mječ)
Bengali: অসি (ôsi)
Breton: kleze (br) m, klezeñv m
Bulgarian: меч (bg) m (meč)
Burmese: ဓား (my) (dha:)
Burushaski: please add this translation if you can
Buryat: һэлмэ (helme)
Catalan: espasa (ca) f
Chakma: 𑄙𑄟 (dhāmā)
Chechen: гӏалакх (ġalaq)
Cherokee: ᎭᏰᎳᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ (hayelasdi ganvhida)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 劍 (yue), 剑 (gim³)

Hakka: 劍, 剑 (kiam)

Mandarin: 劍 (zh), 剑 (zh) (jiàn), 刀 (zh) (dāo)

Min Dong: 劍, 剑 (giéng)

Min Nan: 劍, 剑 (kiàm)

Wu: 劍, 剑 (ji)
Chuukese: ketinas
Classical Nahuatl: tepozmāccuahuitl
Classical Syriac: ܣܝܦܐ‎ m (sāyp̄ā)
Coptic:
Bohairic: ⲥⲏϥⲓ f (sēfi)

Sahidic: ⲥⲏϥⲉ f (sēfe)
Cornish: kledha m
Czech: meč (cs) m
Dalmatian: sputa f
Danish: sværd c
Daur: selmii
Dhivehi: ކަނދި‎ (kandi)
Dongxiang: baojien
Dutch: zwaard (nl) n
Egyptian:

(mšw)
Esperanto: glavo (eo)
Estonian: mõõk (et)
Evenki: тутэкэ̄н (tutəkə̄n)
Faroese: svørð n, (archaic) mæki m
Finnish: miekka (fi)
French: épée (fr) f, glaive (fr) m
Old French: espee f
Friulian: spade f
Gagauz: kılıç
Galician: espada (gl) f
Georgian: ხმალი (ka) (xmali), დაშნა (dašna), მახვილი (maxvili), ლახვარი (laxvari)
German: Schwert (de) n
Alemannic German: Schwärt n
Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃 m (hairus), 𐌼𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃 m (mēkeis)
Greek: ξίφος (el) n (xífos), σπαθί (el) n (spathí)
Ancient: ξίφος n (xíphos), φάσγανον n (phásganon), μάχαιρα f (mákhaira) (short), ῥομφαία f (rhomphaía) (long and broad)
Greenlandic: pana
Guaraní: kysepuku
Gujarati: તલવાર (gu) f (talvār), શમશેર f (śamśer)
Hebrew: חֶרֶב‎ (he) f (ẖérev), סַיִף‎ (he) m (sáyif)
Hindi: तलवार (hi) f (talvār), शमशेर (hi) f (śamśer)
Hungarian: kard (hu)
Hunsrik: Schweert n
Icelandic: sverð (is) n
Ido: espado (io)
Indonesian: pedang (id)
Interlingua: spada, gladio
Irish: claíomh m
Old Irish: claideb m
Istriot: spada f
Italian: spada (it) f, brando (it) m (poetic), stocco (it) m, gladio (it) m
Japanese: 刀 (ja) (かたな, katana), 剣 (ja) (つるぎ, tsurugi; けん, ken)
Jarai: đao
Kalmyk: селм (selm), үлд (üld)
Kannada: ಕತ್ತಿ (kn) (katti)
Karachay-Balkar: къылыч
Karakalpak: qılısh
Kashubian: miecz m
Kazakh: қылыш (kk) (qılış)
Khakas: хылыс (xılıs)
Khmer: ដាវ (km) (daaw)
Komi-Permyak: шыпурт (šypurt)
Korean: 검 (ko) (geom) (劍 (ko)), 칼 (ko) (kal)
Kumyk: къылыч (qılıç)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: şimşûr (ku), şûr (ku)

Central Kurdish: شِمشێر‎ (şimşêr), شیر‎ (şîr)

Kyrgyz: кылыч (kılıç)
Lao: ດາບ (lo) (dāp)
Latgalian: zūbyns
Latin: gladius (la) m, spatha f, ensis m, machaera f, ferrum (la) n
Latvian: zobens m
Ligurian: spâ f
Limburgish: zwerd (li) n
Lithuanian: kalavijas (lt) m, kardas (lt) m
Low German:
German Low German: Sweerd n
Lü: please add this translation if you can
Macedonian: меч m (meč)
Malagasy: antsifotsy (mg), sabatra (mg), viarara (mg)
Malay: pedang m
Malayalam: വാള് (ml) (vāḷŭ)
Maltese: sejf m, xabla f
Manchu: ᠯᠣᡥᠣ (loho)
Manx: cliwe m
Maori: hoari
Maranao: miros
Mongghul: uldi
Mongolian: илд (mn) (ild), сэлэм (mn) (selem)
Nahuatl: tepozmācuahuitl
Navajo: diltłish
Ngazidja Comorian: upanga class 11/10
Nogai: кылыш (kılış)
North Frisian: swird n, Swērt c (Sylt), Swiirt n (Sylt)
Northern Qiang: hɑː
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sverd (no) n

Nynorsk: sverd n
Occitan: espasa (oc) f
Old Church Slavonic: мечь m (mečĭ)
Old East Slavic: мечь m (mečĭ)
Old English: sweord n, bil n, mēċe m, secg m
Old Norse: mækir m, sverð n
Oriya: ଖଡ୍ଗ (khôḍgô)
Ossetian: кард (kard)
Pashto: توره‎ (ps) f (túra)
Persian: شمشیر‎ (fa) (šamšir)
Plautdietsch: Schwieet n
Pohnpeian: kedlahs
Polish: miecz (pl) m
Portuguese: espada (pt) f
Punjabi: ਤਲਵਾਰ (pa) (talvār)
Quechua: sawli
Romanian: sabie (ro) f, spadă (ro) f
Romansch: spada f, speda f
Russian: меч (ru) m (meč), шпа́га (ru) f (špága), са́бля (ru) f (sáblja)
Samogitian: kalavėjs m
Sanskrit: कृपाण (sa) (kṛpāṇa), असि (sa) m (asi), खड्ग (sa) m (khaḍga)
Sardinian: spada f, ispada f
Saterland Frisian: Swäid n
Scottish Gaelic: claidheamh m, slòighre f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: мач m

Roman: mač (sh) m
Shona: munondo
Shor: қылыш (qılış)
Sicilian: spata (scn) f
Sinhalese: කඩුව (kaḍuva)
Slovak: meč m
Slovene: meč (sl) m, sablja (sl) f
Somali: seef f
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: mjac m

Upper Sorbian: mječ m
Southern Altai: кылыш (kïlïš)
Spanish: espada (es) f
Sudovian: kalavian
Swahili: upanga
Swedish: svärd (sv) n
Tagalog: tabak
Tajik: шамшер (tg) (šamšer)
Tamil: வாள் (ta) (vāḷ)
Tatar: кылыч (tt) (qılıç)
Telugu: కత్తి (te) (katti), కృపాణము (te) (kr̥pāṇamu)
Thai: ดาบ (th) (dàap)
Tibetan: དཔའ་དམ། (dpa' dam)
Tocharian B: apsāl, kertte
Tok Pisin: bainat, bainet
Tongan: heleta
Turkish: kılıç (tr)
Turkmen: gylyç
Tuvan: хылыш (hılış)
Ukrainian: меч (uk) m (meč)
Urdu: تلوار‎ f (talvār), شمشیر‎ f (šamšer)
Uyghur: قىلىچ‎ (qilich), شەمشەر‎ (ug) (shemsher)
Uzbek: qilich (uz), shamshir (uz)
Venetian: spada f
Veps: mek
Vietnamese: gươm (vi), kiếm (vi)
Volapük: gläv (vo), flamagläv, komipagläv, reigänagläv, boyadagläv
Walloon: spêye (wa) f
Waray-Waray: espada
Welsh: cleddyf (cy) m
West Frisian: swurd n
Yakut: кылыс (kılıs)
Yiddish: שווערד‎ f (shverd)
Zazaki: şimşêr

one who handles a sword

Catalan: espasa (ca) m or f
Finnish: miekkamies
French: épéiste (fr)
Galician: espadachín m
German: Schwertkämpfer

Greek: ξιφοφόρος (el) m (xifofóros), ξιφομάχος (el) m (xifomáchos)
Hungarian: (lit. sword-swinger) kardforgató
Macedonian: мечувалец m (mečuvalec)
Russian: мечено́сец (ru) m (mečenósec)

suit in tarot

Finnish: miekat (fi) pl

card of this suit

Finnish: miekka (fi)

Greek: σπαθί (el) n (spathí), σπαθιά (el) pl (spathiá)

Anagrams[edit]

words

Middle English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

swerd, sord, sworde, zuord

Etymology[edit]

From Old English sword, a Mercian form of sweord (which some forms are directly from); from Proto-Germanic *swerdą.

Pronunciation[edit]

(Early ME; from sweord) IPA^(key): /swœrd/
(From sweord) IPA^(key): /swɛrd/
IPA^(key): /swɔrd/, /sɔrd/

Noun[edit]

sword (plural swordes or sworden)

sword, sabre
(figuratively) Military might or power.

Descendants[edit]

English: sword
Scots: swerd, sword

References[edit]

“sword (n.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-03-16.

Old English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

sƿord – wynn spelling

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /sword/, [sworˠd]

Noun[edit]

sword n (nominative plural sword) (Mercian)

Alternative form of sweord

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