刀
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Alternative forms
[edit]- 刂 (when used as a right radical component)
Han character
[edit]刀 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹 (SH), four-corner 17220, composition ⿹𠃌丿)
- Kangxi radical #18, ⼑.
Derived characters
[edit]- Appendix:Chinese radical/刀
- 𫢈, 叨, 𪥂, 𭑪, 忉, 㧅, 𣱼, 𨸓, 辺, 𫼔, 𣃗, 旫, 朷, 𣬞, 灱, 𭸵, 𥘉, 𤿇, 𥐛, 𬇉, 糿, 舠, 虭, 𮕝, 釖, 𩉛, 䫸, 䬢, 𬀶, 䂶, 魛(鱽), 𪐛, 𪔹
- 𪠤, 𬰿, 鳭, 𠬛, 召, 𡔛, 𡴻, 𢖫, 𬅷, 𭷔, 𤰄, 𥁀, 𭇌, 𠱛, 𧌣, 𤎘, 𬺳, 叧, 屶, 芀, 𦦟, 𣱕, 𢦓, 𤴬, 𠥭, 辧, 齊, 䐡, 韲
Descendants
[edit]- ㄉ (Zhuyin alphabet)
- ㆵ (Bopomofo extended character)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 135, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1845
- Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 319, character 12
- Unihan data for U+5200
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
刀 | |
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alternative forms | 𠚣 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 刀 | |||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
刀 | *taːw |
忉 | *taːw |
魛 | *taːw |
舠 | *taːw |
朷 | *taːw, *moːɡ |
叨 | *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw |
倒 | *taːwʔ, *taːws |
到 | *taːws |
菿 | *taːws, *rtaːwɢ |
鞀 | *deːw |
鳭 | *rteːw, *teːw |
灱 | *hreːw |
菬 | *sdew, *tjewʔ |
超 | *tʰew |
怊 | *tʰew, *tʰjew |
欩 | *tʰew |
召 | *dews, *djews |
昭 | *tjew |
招 | *tjew |
鉊 | *tjew |
沼 | *tjewʔ |
照 | *tjews |
詔 | *tjews |
炤 | *tjews |
弨 | *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ |
眧 | *tʰjewʔ |
韶 | *djew |
佋 | *djew, *djewʔ |
軺 | *djew, *lew |
玿 | *djew |
柖 | *djew |
紹 | *djewʔ |
袑 | *djewʔ |
綤 | *djewʔ |
邵 | *djews |
劭 | *djews |
卲 | *djews |
刁 | *teːw |
芀 | *teːw, *deːw |
貂 | *teːw |
蛁 | *teːw |
迢 | *deːw |
苕 | *deːw |
髫 | *deːw |
岧 | *deːw |
Pictogram (象形) – a knife. The original form was 𠚣, which can be found in a variant of 利, 𥝢 (in turn used on the top of the character 黎).
Etymology 1
[edit]Unclear. Here are several proposals:
- Schuessler (2007) considers this to be an area word or a word widely borrowed from Chinese into other languages; compare Proto-Karen *ʔdɔ (“knife”), Jingpho [script needed] (n³¹-do³¹, “short knife”), Proto-Vietic *-taːw (“knife”), Bulo Stieng taaw;
- Stephen Baron posits Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ta-w, with a sparsely attested suffix *-w retained in Sinitic yet lost in Tibeto-Burman, yielding Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-ta (“knife; axe; sword”); compare Tibetan སྟ་རེ (sta re, “axe; hatchet”), Burmese ဓား (dha:, “knife; sword”), Proto-Loloish *ta² (“knife”) (STEDT);
- Starostin derives it from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tā̆w ~ *dā̆w, comparing it to Tibetan སྟེའུ (ste'u, “carpenter's axe, adze”) and Jingpho nhtu (“sword”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dao1
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): до (do, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): dau1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): dau1
- Northern Min (KCR): dáu
- Eastern Min (BUC): dŏ̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1tau
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dau1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dao
- Wade–Giles: tao1
- Yale: dāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dau
- Palladius: дао (dao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: dao1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: dao
- Sinological IPA (key): /tau⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: до (do, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɔ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dou1
- Yale: dōu
- Cantonese Pinyin: dou1
- Guangdong Romanization: dou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: au1* / au1
- Sinological IPA (key): /au³³⁻³³⁵/, /au³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: dau1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tau⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tô
- Hakka Romanization System: doˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: do1
- Sinological IPA: /to²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: dau1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tau¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dáu
- Sinological IPA (key): /tau⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dŏ̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /to⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: dau1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɒu̯³³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: taw
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.tˤaw/
- (Zhengzhang): /*taːw/
Definitions
[edit]刀
- knife; blade (Classifier: 把 m c g h j mb md w x; 張/张 c h; 叢/丛 mn; 支 mn mn-t)
- single-edged sword; cutlass
- Classifier for sets of one hundred sheets of paper.
- Classifier for incisions with a knife, blade, single-edged sword, etc.
- (neologism, Internet) to bargain; to negotiate on price
- a surname (only common among Tai people)
- 刀世勛/刀世勋 ― Dāo Shìxūn ― Dao Shixun
Synonyms
[edit]- (knife):
- (to bargain):
Compounds
[edit]- 一刀 (yīdāo)
- 一刀一割
- 一刀一槍/一刀一枪
- 一刀兩斷/一刀两断 (yīdāoliǎngduàn)
- 一刀兩段/一刀两段
- 一刀切 (yīdāoqiē)
- 一刀圭
- 七聖刀/七圣刀
- 三停刀
- 三刀
- 三刀夢/三刀梦
- 上刀山
- 三把刀
- 主刀 (zhǔdāo)
- 亂刀/乱刀
- 二把刀 (èrbǎdāo)
- 交刀
- 交股刀
- 代人捉刀
- 伐性刀
- 作刀
- 佩刀
- 保險刀/保险刀 (bǎoxiǎndāo)
- 保險刀片/保险刀片
- 倭刀
- 借刀殺人/借刀杀人 (jièdāoshārén)
- 側刀/侧刀
- 偃月刀 (yǎnyuèdāo)
- 備身刀/备身刀
- 儀刀/仪刀
- 兩刀論法/两刀论法
- 兩火一刀/两火一刀
- 兩肋插刀/两肋插刀
- 兩面三刀/两面三刀
- 兩面刀/两面刀
- 八刀 (bādāo)
- 兵刀
- 冰刀 (bīngdāo)
- 凶刀
- 刀下留人 (dāoxiàliúrén)
- 刀人
- 刀仗
- 刀仔鋸大樹/刀仔锯大树
- 刀俎 (dāozǔ)
- 刀俎餘生/刀俎余生 (dāozǔyúshēng)
- 刀傷/刀伤 (dāoshāng)
- 刀光
- 刀光劍影/刀光剑影
- 刀光血影
- 刀兵 (dāobīng)
- 刀具 (dāojù)
- 刀几
- 刀刀
- 刀刀客
- 刀刀見血/刀刀见血
- 刀刃 (dāorèn)
- 刀切斧砍
- 刀切豆腐
- 刀削
- 刀削冰
- 刀削麵/刀削面 (dāoxiāomiàn)
- 刀剪
- 刀創藥/刀创药
- 刀割針扎
- 刀劍/刀剑 (dāojiàn)
- 刀劍無情/刀剑无情
- 刀勞鬼/刀劳鬼
- 刀匕
- 刀叉 (dāochā)
- 刀叢/刀丛
- 刀口 (dāokǒu)
- 刀呾
- 刀圭 (dāoguī)
- 刀圭藥/刀圭药
- 刀夢/刀梦
- 刀子 (dāozi)
- 刀子嘴
- 刀子嘴豆腐心 (dāozi zuǐ dòufu xīn)
- 刀子秤
- 刀子靶
- 刀客 (dāokè)
- 刀室
- 刀尺
- 刀山
- 刀山劍林/刀山剑林
- 刀山劍樹/刀山剑树
- 刀山火海 (dāoshānhuǒhǎi)
- 刀州
- 刀州夢/刀州梦
- 刀布
- 刀幣/刀币 (dāobì)
- 刀戟
- 刀手 (dāoshǒu)
- 刀把 (dāobà)
- 刀把兒/刀把儿 (dāobàr)
- 刀把子 (dāobǎzǐ)
- 刀抹
- 刀敕
- 刀斗
- 刀斧
- 刀斧手 (dāofǔshǒu)
- 刀札
- 刀机
- 刀杖
- 刀杖器械
- 刀板
- 刀柄 (dāobǐng)
- 刀枮
- 刀械
- 刀楯
- 刀槍/刀枪 (dāoqiāng)
- 刀榼
- 刀槊
- 刀槍不入/刀枪不入 (dāoqiāngbùrù)
- 刀槍劍戟/刀枪剑戟 (dāoqiāngjiànjǐ)
- 刀法 (dāofǎ)
- 刀火
- 刀片 (dāopiàn)
- 刀牌手
- 刀環/刀环
- 刀疤
- 刀痕
- 刀瘢
- 刀瘡/刀疮
- 刀療/刀疗
- 刀砧
- 刀砧板
- 刀砧殺/刀砧杀
- 刀碪/刀砧
- 刀礪/刀砺
- 刀筆/刀笔 (dāobǐ)
- 刀筆先生/刀笔先生
- 刀筆吏/刀笔吏
- 刀筆士/刀笔士
- 刀筆訟師/刀笔讼师
- 刀筆賈豎/刀笔贾竖
- 刀箭 (dāojiàn)
- 刀繩/刀绳
- 刀翅蜂鳥/刀翅蜂鸟 (dāochìfēngniǎo)
- 刀耕火種/刀耕火种 (dāogēnghuǒzhòng)
- 刀耕火耘
- 刀耕火耨
- 刀背 (dāobèi)
- 刀脊
- 刀芒
- 刀葉/刀叶
- 刀蜜
- 刀螂 (dāoláng)
- 刀術/刀术
- 刀豆 (dāodòu)
- 刀身 (dāoshēn)
- 刀鈹/刀铍
- 刀鉤/刀钩
- 刀銘/刀铭
- 刀鋒/刀锋 (dāofēng)
- 刀鋋/刀𮣴
- 刀錐/刀锥
- 刀錢/刀钱
- 刀鋸/刀锯 (dāojù)
- 刀鋸不辭/刀锯不辞
- 刀鋸之餘/刀锯之余
- 刀鋸斧鉞/刀锯斧钺
- 刀鋸鼎鑊/刀锯鼎镬
- 刀鎗/刀枪 (dāoqiāng)
- 刀鎗劍戟/刀枪剑戟
- 刀鎗無眼/刀枪无眼
- 刀鐮/刀镰
- 刀鐶/刀镮
- 刀鑷/刀镊
- 刀鑷工/刀镊工
- 刀門/刀门
- 刀靶
- 刀靶兒/刀靶儿
- 刀鞘 (dāoqiào)
- 刀頭/刀头
- 刀頭劍首/刀头剑首
- 刀頭燕尾/刀头燕尾
- 刀頭舔血/刀头舔血
- 刀頭蜜/刀头蜜
- 刀風/刀风
- 刀馬旦/刀马旦 (dāomǎdàn)
- 刀魚/刀鱼 (dāoyú)
- 刀鱭/刀鲚 (dāojì)
- 刀鴨/刀鸭
- 刀麻
- 刀麻兒/刀麻儿
- 刀墨
- 切玉刀
- 利刀 (lìdāo)
- 刨刀 (bàodāo)
- 刻刀
- 刺刀 (cìdāo)
- 刻鏤刀/刻镂刀
- 剃刀 (tìdāo)
- 則刀/则刀
- 削刀
- 前刀兒/前刀儿
- 剃刀邊緣/剃刀边缘
- 剃頭刀/剃头刀 (tìtóudāo)
- 剃鬚刀/剃须刀 (tìxūdāo)
- 剪刀 (jiǎndāo)
- 剪刀差 (jiǎndāochā)
- 剪刀拐
- 割刀
- 剾刀/𠛅刀
- 劈刀 (pīdāo)
- 劈柴刀
- 劍樹刀山/剑树刀山
- 劑刀/剂刀
- 劖刀
- 劙刀
- 動刀/动刀 (dòngdāo)
- 動刀兵/动刀兵 (dòng dāobīng)
- 勛刀/勋刀
- 勢刀銅鎩/势刀铜铩
- 勾刀
- 千刀萬剁/千刀万剁
- 千刀萬剮/千刀万剐
- 千牛刀
- 卓刀泉 (Zhuódāoquán)
- 卑手刀
- 博刀
- 卯金刀 (Mǎojīndāo)
- 卻鼠刀/却鼠刀
- 口快如刀
- 叩刀
- 古定刀 (gǔdìngdāo)
- 古錠刀/古锭刀 (gǔdìngdāo)
- 吃板刀麵/吃板刀面
- 吳刀/吴刀
- 吞刀刮腸/吞刀刮肠
- 吞刀吐火
- 呂虔刀/吕虔刀
- 咽刀子
- 善刀
- 單刀/单刀
- 單刀會/单刀会
- 單刀直入/单刀直入 (dāndāozhírù)
- 單刀破槍/单刀破枪
- 善刀而藏
- 單刀赴會/单刀赴会
- 墊刀/垫刀
- 墊刀頭/垫刀头
- 壓衣刀/压衣刀
- 夢刀/梦刀
- 大刀 (dàdāo)
- 大刀會/大刀会
- 大刀闊斧/大刀阔斧 (dàdāokuòfǔ)
- 大刀頭/大刀头
- 大砍刀
- 大馬金刀/大马金刀
- 太公鼓刀
- 契刀
- 奏刀
- 安全刀片
- 容刀
- 宿鐵刀/宿铁刀
- 寶刀/宝刀 (bǎodāo)
- 寶刀不老/宝刀不老 (bǎodāobùlǎo)
- 寶刀未老/宝刀未老 (bǎodāowèilǎo)
- 寶赤刀/宝赤刀
- 封刀
- 封刀掛劍/封刀挂剑
- 小刀會/小刀会 (Xiǎodāohuì)
- 小試牛刀/小试牛刀
- 尖刀
- 尺刀
- 屠刀 (túdāo)
- 崑刀/昆刀
- 布刀
- 帶刀臥/带刀卧
- 并刀
- 并州刀
- 弄刀
- 引刀割鼻
- 彈簧刀/弹簧刀 (tánhuángdāo)
- 徑路刀/径路刀
- 御刀
- 心如刀剉
- 心如刀割 (xīnrúdāogē)
- 心如刀攪/心如刀搅
- 心如刀絞/心如刀绞
- 心如刀鋸/心如刀锯
- 快刀斬麻/快刀斩麻
- 恚刀
- 慧刀
- 懸刀/悬刀
- 懸刀夢/悬刀梦
- 懼刀避劍/惧刀避剑
- 戒刀
- 戰刀/战刀 (zhàndāo)
- 手起刀落 (shǒuqǐdāoluò)
- 打八刀 (dǎbādāo)
- 打火刀
- 扣刀
- 拍刀
- 拔刀斷席/拔刀断席
- 拔刀相助 (bádāoxiāngzhù)
- 拔刀相向 (bádāoxiāngxiàng)
- 拔刀相濟/拔刀相济
- 拖刀計/拖刀计
- 挑刀
- 持刀動杖/持刀动杖
- 拿刀動杖/拿刀动杖
- 拿刀弄杖
- 持刀弄棒
- 挑刀走戟
- 拿刀靶兒/拿刀靶儿
- 指揮刀/指挥刀 (zhǐhuīdāo)
- 挫刀
- 捃刀
- 捉刀 (zhuōdāo)
- 捉刀人
- 挨刀的
- 掣刀 (chèdāo)
- 掉刀
- 掇刀 (Duōdāo)
- 提刀 (tídāo)
- 揙刀
- 提刀弄斧
- 握刀紋/握刀纹
- 搏刀
- 撲刀/扑刀
- 操刀 (cāodāo)
- 操刀傷錦/操刀伤锦
- 操刀必割
- 操刀製錦/操刀制锦
- 擲刀對泣/掷刀对泣
- 攮刀子
- 攮血刀子
- 收刀檢卦/收刀检卦
- 放下屠刀 (fàngxiàtúdāo)
- 斜刀頭/斜刀头 (xiédāotóu)
- 斬馬刀/斩马刀 (zhǎnmǎdāo)
- 明刀
- 昆刀
- 昆吾刀
- 書刀/书刀 (shūdāo)
- 服刀
- 朝歌鼓刀
- 木刀
- 朴刀 (pōdāo)
- 杇刀
- 杅刀
- 杠刀布
- 板刀
- 板刀麵/板刀面
- 東洋刀/东洋刀
- 柴刀 (cháidāo)
- 柳葉刀/柳叶刀 (liǔyèdāo)
- 校刀手
- 桁楊刀鋸/桁杨刀锯
- 楊志賣刀/杨志卖刀
- 槓刀/杠刀
- 槓刀布/杠刀布
- 槍林刀樹/枪林刀树
- 槍聲刀影/枪声刀影
- 槍頭刀/枪头刀
- 標刀/标刀
- 橫刀/横刀
- 橫刀奪愛/横刀夺爱 (héngdāoduó'ài)
- 橫刀揭斧/横刀揭斧
- 橫刀躍馬/横刀跃马
- 欽刀/钦刀
- 歐刀/欧刀
- 武士刀 (wǔshìdāo)
- 殺千刀/杀千刀
- 氣鼓撓刀/气鼓挠刀
- 法刀
- 泉刀
- 泥水刀
- 洋刀
- 湛盧刀/湛卢刀
- 漁刀/渔刀
- 滾刀/滚刀
- 滾刀手/滚刀手
- 滾刀筋/滚刀筋
- 潛水刀/潜水刀
- 潑風刀/泼风刀
- 火刀
- 火海刀山
- 火耨刀耕
- 燒刀/烧刀 (shāodāo)
- 燒刀子/烧刀子 (shāodāozi)
- 燭刀/烛刀
- 牌刀
- 牙刀
- 牛刀 (niúdāo)
- 牛刀割雞/牛刀割鸡
- 牛刀小試/牛刀小试
- 狂刀
- 獵刀/猎刀 (lièdāo)
- 球刀 (qiúdāo)
- 環刀/环刀
- 瓦刀 (wàdāo)
- 畏刀避箭
- 畬刀
- 白楊刀/白杨刀
- 白陽刀/白阳刀
- 百辟刀
- 百鍊刀/百炼刀
- 盼刀
- 真刀真槍/真刀真枪
- 短刀 (duǎndāo)
- 短刀直入
- 短彎刀/短弯刀 (duǎnwāndāo)
- 石刀
- 砍刀
- 砧刀
- 破風刀/破风刀
- 磨刀 (módāo)
- 磨刀水
- 磨刀石 (módāoshí)
- 磨刀雨
- 磨刀霍霍
- 萬剮千刀/万剐千刀
- 秋刀魚/秋刀鱼 (qiūdāoyú)
- 窩刀/窝刀
- 立刀 (lìdāo)
- 立刀旁 (lìdāopáng)
- 立刀邊/立刀边
- 竹刀 (zhúdāo)
- 笑中刀
- 笑中有刀
- 笑處藏刀/笑处藏刀
- 笑裏刀/笑里刀
- 笑裡藏刀/笑里藏刀 (xiàolǐcángdāo)
- 笑裏藏刀/笑里藏刀 (xiàolǐcángdāo)
- 筆刀/笔刀
- 筆刀硯城/笔刀砚城
- 篦刀
- 紅刀子/红刀子
- 紅毛刀/红毛刀
- 絞刀/绞刀
- 纖刀/纤刀
- 羞刀難入/羞刀难入
- 翦刀
- 翦刀草
- 耳刀兒/耳刀儿
- 肉腰刀
- 腰刀
- 膾刀/脍刀
- 舞刀 (wǔdāo)
- 舞刀躍馬/舞刀跃马
- 莒刀
- 菜刀 (càidāo)
- 薅刀
- 虔刀
- 蜀刀
- 蜜裏藏刀/蜜里藏刀
- 螺絲刀/螺丝刀 (luósīdāo)
- 袞刀/衮刀
- 裁刀
- 裙刀
- 解手刀
- 解手尖刀
- 解腕刀
- 解腕尖刀
- 試刀/试刀
- 豎刀/竖刀
- 買犢賣刀/买犊卖刀
- 賣刀買牛/卖刀买牛
- 賣刀買犢/卖刀买犊
- 賣犢買刀/卖犊买刀
- 贈刀/赠刀
- 贈寶刀/赠宝刀
- 贈虔刀/赠虔刀
- 赤刀
- 赫連刀/赫连刀
- 跳刀
- 跨刀
- 車刀/车刀
- 軍刀/军刀 (jūndāo)
- 軟刀/软刀
- 軟刀子/软刀子
- 過刀/过刀
- 過刀山/过刀山
- 逼綽刀子/逼绰刀子
- 遺刀/遗刀
- 鄣刀
- 金刀
- 金錯刀/金错刀
- 針挑刀挖/针挑刀挖
- 鈍刀慢剮/钝刀慢剐
- 鉤刀/钩刀
- 鉛刀/铅刀
- 鉋刀/刨刀
- 鈹刀/铍刀
- 鉛刀一割/铅刀一割
- 鉤鎌刀/钩镰刀
- 鉤鐮刀/钩镰刀
- 銑刀/铣刀 (xǐdāo)
- 銜刀/衔刀
- 銖刀/铢刀
- 銐刀
- 銆刀
- 銀刀/银刀
- 鉸刀/铰刀 (jiǎodāo)
- 銀刀軍/银刀军
- 銼刀/锉刀 (cuòdāo)
- 錐刀/锥刀
- 錯刀/错刀
- 鋼刀/钢刀 (gāngdāo)
- 錢刀/钱刀
- 錐刀之利/锥刀之利
- 錐刀之末/锥刀之末
- 錐刀之用/锥刀之用
- 鍥刀/锲刀
- 鍘刀/铡刀 (zhádāo)
- 鏨刀/錾刀
- 鏟刀/铲刀 (chǎndāo)
- 鐸刀/铎刀
- 鐮刀/镰刀 (liándāo)
- 鑌刀/镔刀
- 鑾刀/銮刀
- 鑽刀/钻刀
- 長刀/长刀 (chángdāo)
- 閃刀紙/闪刀纸
- 開刀/开刀 (kāidāo)
- 開山刀/开山刀 (kāishāndāo)
- 閘刀開關/闸刀开关
- 關刀/关刀 (guāndāo)
- 防身刀
- 陌刀
- 陶刀
- 雁翎刀 (yànlíngdāo)
- 雕刻刀
- 雞刀/鸡刀
- 雙刀/双刀 (shuāngdāo)
- 零刀子
- 雷射刀
- 電鬍刀/电胡刀 (diànhúdāo)
- 電鬚刀/电须刀 (diànxūdāo)
- 霜刀
- 青刀
- 青龍刀/青龙刀 (Qīnglóngdāo)
- 靴刀
- 靴刀誓死
- 鞘裏藏刀/鞘里藏刀
- 韶刀
- 頂刀頭/顶刀头
- 順刀/顺刀
- 頓刀/顿刀
- 風刀/风刀
- 風刀霜劍/风刀霜剑
- 風快的刀/风快的刀
- 飛刀/飞刀 (fēidāo)
- 餐刀 (cāndāo)
- 馬刀/马刀 (mǎdāo)
- 馬蹄刀/马蹄刀
- 駑馬鈆刀/驽马铅刀
- 駑馬鉛刀/驽马铅刀
- 驀刀/蓦刀
- 鬢若刀裁/鬓若刀裁
- 鬼頭刀/鬼头刀
- 魚刀/鱼刀
- 魚鱗刀/鱼鳞刀
- 鮆刀魚/𫚖刀鱼
- 鱠刀/鲙刀
- 鱭刀魚/鲚刀鱼
- 鱴刀/𱈙刀
- 鷿鵜刀/䴙鹈刀
- 鸞刀/鸾刀 (luándāo)
- 麥芒刀/麦芒刀
- 麻刀 (mádāo)
- 麻扎刀
- 麻札刀
- 黎刀
- 鼎鑊刀鋸/鼎镬刀锯
- 鼓刀
- 齊刀/齐刀
- 龍刀/龙刀
- 龍文刀/龙文刀
Descendants
[edit]Others:
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dao
- Wade–Giles: tao1
- Yale: dāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dau
- Palladius: дао (dao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]刀
Synonyms
[edit]- (Cantonese) 蚊 (wén)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 刀 – see 刁 (“treacherous; crafty; deceitful; to tempt; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 刁). |
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: と (to)、とう (tō, Jōyō)←たう (tau, historical)
- Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)←たう (tau, historical)
- Kun: かたな (katana, 刀, Jōyō)
- Nanori: き (ki)、ち (chi)、わき (waki)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
刀 |
かたな Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
釖 (uncommon, obsolete) 𫦫 (rare, obsolete) |
From Old Japanese. First cited to the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1] From Proto-Japonic *katana.
Compound of 片 (kata, “one side”) + な (na, “edge”).[2][3][4] This na element is spelled in monolingual Japanese sources as 刃 (“edge, blade”), but there is no historical attestation for any na reading for this character. A comparison with Middle Korean ᄂᆞᆶ〮 (nólh, “blade”) and modern Korean 날 (nal) suggests a Koreanic origin for this latter element.[5]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) かたな [kàtánáꜜ] (Odaka – [3])[3][6][7]
- (Tokyo) かたな [kàtáꜜnà] (Nakadaka – [2])[3][6][7]
- IPA(key): [ka̠ta̠na̠]
Noun
[edit]- [from 720] (weaponry) a single-edged sword, such as a katana
- Coordinate terms: 剣 (tsurugi, “double-edged sword”), 脇差 (wakizashi, “traditional Japanese shortsword”), 短刀 (tantō, “traditional Japanese knife or dagger”), 大小 (daishō, ““big and small”: the katana and wakizashi as a set”)
- 1999 September 23, “鎧武者ゾンビ”, in Vol.5, Konami:
- 怨念により蘇った武者。闇雲にふりまわすカタナに注意。
- Onnen ni yori yomigaetta musha. Yamikumo ni furimawasu katana ni chūi.
- A musha reanimated by deep hatred. Watch out when he brandishes his katana.
- 怨念により蘇った武者。闇雲にふりまわすカタナに注意。
- [from 934] a small single-edged blade
- Synonym: 切れ物 (kiremono)
Derived terms
[edit]- 刀市 (katana ichi): a sword market
- 刀引 (katanabiki): giving a sword worn on one's hip to another as a gift at a banquet or other social gathering
- 小刀 (kogatana): a small knife, a penknife, a pocketknife, a jackknife
- 腰刀 (koshigatana): a hip-sword, smaller than a katana and with no 鍔 (tsuba, “sword guard”)
Idioms
[edit]- 刀折れ矢尽きる (katana ore ya tsukiru): “swords bent, out of arrows” → completely routed, a complete loss in battle
- 刀に懸けて (katana ni kakete): “[depending, swearing] on one's sword” → a metaphor for firm resolve to see something through
- 刀の錆び (katana no sabi): “sword rust” → a metaphor for killing someone or being killed, from the way that blood can cause the steel of a sword to rust; a derogatory term for someone who isn't even worth soiling a sword
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
刀 |
とう Grade: 2 |
kan'on |
/tau/ → /tɔː/ → /toː/
Ultimately from Middle Chinese 刀 (MC taw). Compare modern Mandarin 刀 (dāo).
First cited as an independent noun to a text from 1895.[2] Cited in compounds since at least the 800s CE.[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Affix
[edit]Noun
[edit]- [from 1908] a sword, a katana
- Synonyms: 刀 (katana), 刀剣 (tōken)
- [from 1895] a scalpel, such as that used by a surgeon
- Synonym: メス (mesu)
- [from 1913] a kind of bronze or copper money in ancient China, shaped a bit like a sword
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “刀”, in 日本国語大辞典[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Vovin, Alexander (2020) A Descriptive and Comparative Grammar of Western Old Japanese: Revised, Updated and Enlarged Second Edition, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 66
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 刀 (MC taw).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 도ᇢ (Yale: twòw) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] | 갈〮 (Yale: kál) | 도 (Yale: twò) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [to̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [도]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]
Old Korean
[edit]Particle
[edit]刀 (*-two)
Descendants
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]刀: Hán Nôm readings: đao, dao, đeo
Compounds
[edit]References
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