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tō

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "to"

Hokkien

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For pronunciation and definitions of tō – see 就 (“to approach; to move towards; to reach; to arrive at; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 就).

Japanese

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Romanization

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tō

  1. Rōmaji transcription of とお
  2. Rōmaji transcription of とう

Kato

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Etymology

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From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

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tō

  1. water

References

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  • Pliny Earle Goddard, Bill Ray, Kato texts (1909)

Maori

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Polynesian *to (“sugar cane” ― compare with Hawaiian kō, Rarotongan tō and Tongan tō),[1] from Proto-Oceanic *topu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təbuh “sugar cane” (compare with Malay tebu), from Proto-Austronesian *təbuS.[2] Sense of stem displaced the original plant meaning as sugarcane did not survive the cold New Zealand climate.[3]

Noun

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tō

  1. plant stem/stalk – esp. of non-woody monocots like raupō (Typha orientalis),[4] maize etc.
    Synonyms: kau, kakau, tā
  2. finger
    Synonyms: mati, toi
  3. (archaic) sugar cane
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ Tregear, Edward (1891), Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary‎[1], Wellington, New Zealand: Lyon and Blair, page 520
  2. ^ Ross, Malcolm D.; Pawley, Andrew; Osmond, Meredith (2008), The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volume 3: Plants, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, pages 389-91
  3. ^ Furey, Louise (2006), Maori gardening: An archaeological perspective, Wellington, New Zealand: New Zealand Department of Conservation, →ISBN, page 10
  4. ^ “Raupō”, in Te Māra Reo‎[2], Benton Family Trust, 2025

Etymology 2

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From English stove.

Noun

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tō

  1. stove

Etymology 3

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Noun

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tō

  1. dragging
  2. portage

Verb

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tō

  1. to drag or open/shut (incl. both physical and computer windows)

Etymology 4

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Determiner

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tō

  1. (possessive, neutral/informal) your (singular)
  2. belonging to (combines with dual and plural pronouns)
  3. (possessive) Denotes ownership of.
    He motokā tō Timu.
    Timu owns a car.
    (literally, “A car owned (by) Timu”)
  4. that of, the one of
Usage notes
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A possessive determiner which must be followed by a noun, unlike tāu and tōu. This is the neutral or informal form and is not governed by the a and o categories. It cannot be stressed, in which case either tāu or tōu must be used, depending on the category of the noun.

Declension
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Maori possessive pronouns
singular object dual/plural object
A category O category neutral A category O category neutral
singular
subject 		1st person tāku tōku taku āku ōku aku
2nd person tāu tōu tō āu ōu ō
3rd person tāna tōna tana āna ōna ana
dual
subject 		1st person, inclusive tā tāua tō tāua — ā tāua ō tāua —
1st person, exclusive tā māua tō māua — ā māua ō māua —
2nd person tā kōrua tō kōrua — ā kōrua ō kōrua —
3rd person tā rāua tō rāua — ā rāua ō rāua —
plural
subject 		1st person, inclusive tā tātou tō tātou — ā tātou ō tātou —
1st person, exclusive tā mātou tō mātou — ā mātou ō mātou —
2nd person tā koutou tō koutou — ā koutou ō koutou —
3rd person tā rātou tō rātou — ā rātou ō rātou —

A category: alienable possession; possessor has control of the relationship.
O category: inalienable possession; possessor has no control over the relationship.

Etymology 5

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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tō

  1. to be calm, peaceful, tranquil
  2. to set (of an astronomical body)

Etymology 6

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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tō

  1. to vibrate, tingle
    tō te taringa
    ringing in the ears

Further reading

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  • Williams, Herbert William (1917), “tō”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, pages 501-2
  • "tō" - Maori Dictionary

Rapa Nui

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *to (“to set”). Cognates include Tongan tō and Maori tō.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtoː/
  • Hyphenation: tō

Noun

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tō

  1. (intransitive, of the Sun) to rise

References

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  • Paulus Kieviet (2017), A grammar of Rapa Nui‎[3], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, page 29

Tokelauan

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈtoː]
  • Hyphenation: tō

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Polynesian *te-o-u. Cognates include Hawaiian kou and Samoan lou.

Determiner

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tō

  1. (inalienable, definite) thy, your
See also
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Tokelauan possessive determiners
Definite inalienable (O-type)
singular reference plural reference
sg du pl sg du pl
long short long short
1st person excl. toku, tota1 to māua to mā to mātou oku, ota1 o māua o mā o mātou
incl. ― to tāua to tā to tātou ― o tāua o tā o tātou
2nd person tō toulua toutou ō oulua outou
3rd person tona to lāua to lā to lātou ona o lāua o lā o lātou
Definite alienable (A-type)
singular reference plural reference
sg du pl sg du pl
long short long short
1st person excl. taku, tata1 ta māua ta mā ta mātou aku, ata1 a māua a mā a mātou
incl. ― ta tāua ta tā ta tātou ― a tāua a tā a tātou
2nd person tau taulua tautou au aulua autou
3rd person tana ta lāua ta lā ta lātou ana a lāua a lā a lātou
Indefinite inalienable (O-type)
singular reference plural reference
sg du pl sg du pl
long short long short
1st person excl. hoku, hota1 ho māua ho mā ho mātou ni oku,
ni ota1 		ni o māua ni o mā ni o mātou
incl. ― ho tāua ho tā ho tātou ― ni o tāua ni o tā ni o tātou
2nd person hō houlua houtou ni ō ni oulua ni outou
3rd person hona ho lāua ho lā ho lātou ni ona ni o lāua ni o lā ni o lātou
Indefinite alienable (A-type)
singular reference plural reference
sg du pl sg du pl
long short long short
1st person excl. haku, hata1 ha māua ha mā ha mātou ni aku,
ni ata1 		ni a māua ni a mā ni a mātou
incl. ― ha tāua ha tā ha tātou ― ni a tāua ni a tā ni a tātou
2nd person hau haulua hautou ni au ni aulua ni autou
3rd person hana ha lāua ha lā ha lātou ni ana ni a lāua ni a lā ni a lātou

1) Sympathetic

Etymology 2

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Te tō (2.1).

From Proto-Polynesian *toqo. Cognates include Tongan toˈo and Samoan to.

Noun

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tō

  1. pickaxe, pick
  2. landslide, avalanche

Verb

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tō

  1. (transitive) to pickaxe
  2. (transitive) to loosen
  3. (stative) to be loose
  4. (intransitive) to fall
  5. (intransitive) to set (go down the horizon)

Etymology 3

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From Proto-Polynesian *to. Cognates include Hawaiian kō and Samoan tō.

Noun

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tō

  1. pregnancy

Verb

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tō (plural totō)

  1. (stative) to be pregnant

Etymology 4

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Verb

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tō

  1. (transitive) to sing the starting note of

References

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  • R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎[4], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 388

Tongan

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Etymology

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From Proto-Polynesian *to.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tō

  1. sugar cane
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