轉

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See also: 転 and 转
轉 U+8F49, 轉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F49
← 轈
[U+8F48] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 轊 →
[U+8F4A]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 轉
Shinjitai 転
Simplified 转

Han character[edit]

轉 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+11, 18 strokes, cangjie input 十十十戈戈 (JJJII), four-corner 55043, composition ⿰車專)

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1248, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38507
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1726, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3552, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8F49

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 轉
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script Small seal script
轉-slip.svg 轉-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (專) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
竱 *toːn, *tjonʔ
團 *doːn
摶 *doːn, *doːn, *donʔ
篿 *doːn, *tjon
慱 *doːn
剸 *doːn, *tjonʔ, *tjons
鄟 *doːn, *tjon, *djonʔ
漙 *doːn
鷒 *doːn, *tjon
轉 *tonʔ, *tons
傳 *tons, *don, *dons
囀 *tons
縳 *donʔ, *dons
專 *tjon
磚 *tjon
甎 *tjon
塼 *tjon
嫥 *tjon
膞 *tjon, *tjonʔ, *djonʔ
鱄 *tjon, *tjonʔ
蓴 *djun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tonʔ, *tons): semantic 車 (“carriage”) + phonetic 專 (OC *tjon).

Etymology[edit]

Possibly related to:

An allofam is perhaps *don (“round”). Compare Vietnamese tròn (“round; circle; entire; whole”), trọn (“fully; completely; all”), as well as the following Chinese words:

  • 團 (OC *doːn, “ball; circle; lump”),
  • 摶 (OC *doːn, *doːn, *donʔ, “to roll up into a ball”).

Derivative: 傳 (OC *tons, *don, *dons, “to relay; to pass on; to transfer; relay station; biography; record”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

trad. 轉
simp. 转
alternative forms 返 (tńg/túiⁿ) Hokkien

Note:
  • zyun2 - literary;
  • zyun3 - vernacular.
  • Gan
  • Hakka
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • tńg, túiⁿ - vernacular (“to return”);
    • choán - literary.
    Note:
    • deng2 - vernacular (“to return”);
    • zuêng2/zuang2 - literary (zuêng2 - Chaozhou).
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 轉
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 知 (9)
    Final (韻) 仙 (80)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 陟兖切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ʈˠiuᴇnX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʈʷᵚiɛnX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ȶiuænX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʈwianX/
    Li
    Rong         		/ȶjuɛnX/
    Wang
    Li         		/ȶĭwɛnX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ȶi̯wɛnX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhuǎn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zyun2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 轉 轉
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhuǎn zhuǎn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ trjwenX › ‹ trjwenX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*mə-tronʔ/ /*tronʔ/
    English turn around, transfer 輾轉 toss and turn ((Ode 1.2, 145.3)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 轉
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 17674
    Phonetic
    component         		專
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		轉
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tonʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    轉

    1. (transitive) to turn; to revolve
    2. to wind; to entwine
    3. winding; circuitous
    4. (transitive) to change; to shift; to alter
      轉換／转换  ―  zhuǎnhuàn  ―  to change
      轉大人／转大人 [Hokkien]  ―  tńg tōa-lâng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to become an adult
      轉敗為勝／转败为胜  ―  zhuǎn bài wèi shèng  ―  to turn defeat into victory
    5. to change direction; to turn
    6. (Southwestern Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Hakka, Min, Wu) to return; to come or go back
      轉來／转来 [Shanghainese]  ―  [t͡sø³³ le̞⁴⁴] [IPA]  ―  to come back; to return
      轉去／转去 [Shanghainese]  ―  [t͡sø³³ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴] [IPA]  ―  to go back; to return
    7. (Wu) to think; to contemplate; to turn over in one's mind
    8. (Min Nan) to mediate; to reconcile
    9. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for times or round trips.
    10. to change position; to move
    11. to wave; to flutter
    12. to divert; to transfer
    13. to evade; to avoid
    14. to be transferred to another post
    15. to sell; to transfer the ownership
    16. to transport; to relay; to carry in a cart
    17. to discard; to abandon
    18. to leave; to depart
    19. to chant; to utter (spell); to recite
    20. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (to change direction):
    Dialectal synonyms of 轉 (“to turn; to make a turn; to change direction”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 轉, 拐
    Mandarin Beijing 拐
    Taiwan 轉
    Malaysia 轉
    Singapore 轉
    Cantonese Guangzhou 轉
    Hong Kong 轉
    Macau 轉
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 轉
    Penang (Guangfu) 轉
    Singapore (Guangfu) 轉
    Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 斡
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 斡
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 斡
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 斡
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 斡
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 斡
    Min Nan Xiamen 斡
    Quanzhou 斡
    Zhangzhou 斡
    Tainan 斡
    Penang (Hokkien) 彎
    Singapore (Hokkien) 斡
    Manila (Hokkien) 斡
    Chaozhou 斡
    Shantou 斡
    • (to return):
    Dialectal synonyms of 回 (“to return; to come/go back”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 回, 歸
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 回, 返回, 回歸
    Mandarin Beijing 回
    Taiwan 回
    Chengdu 轉, 回
    Malaysia 回
    Singapore 回
    Cantonese Guangzhou 返
    Hong Kong 返
    Macau 返
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 返
    Taishan 返
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 返
    Singapore (Guangfu) 返
    Hakka Meixian 轉
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 轉
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 歸
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 轉
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 轉
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 轉
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 轉
    Kuching (Hepo) 轉
    Min Dong Fuzhou 轉
    Singapore (Fuqing) 轉
    Min Nan Xiamen 轉, 倒
    Quanzhou 轉
    Zhangzhou 轉
    Zhao'an 轉
    Taipei 轉
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 轉
    Kaohsiung 轉
    Yilan 轉
    Changhua (Lukang) 轉
    Taichung 轉
    Tainan 轉
    Hsinchu 轉
    Kinmen 轉
    Penghu (Magong) 轉
    Penang (Hokkien) 轉
    Singapore (Hokkien) 轉
    Manila (Hokkien) 倒
    Chaozhou 轉
    Shantou 轉
    Haifeng 轉
    Singapore (Teochew) 轉
    Wenchang 轉
    Singapore (Hainanese) 轉
    Wu Ningbo 回, 轉 rare

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 轉

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    trad. 轉
    simp. 转

    Note:
    • zyun6 - hair whorl;
    • zyun2 - literary.
  • Hakka
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • choàn - literary;
    • tńg/túiⁿ - vernacular.
    Note:
    • zuêng2 - Chaozhou;
    • zuang2 - Shantou.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 轉
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 知 (9)
    Final (韻) 仙 (80)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 知戀切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ʈˠiuᴇnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʈʷᵚiɛnH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ȶiuænH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʈwianH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ȶjuɛnH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ȶĭwɛnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ȶi̯wɛnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhuàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zyun3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 轉
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 17675
    Phonetic
    component         		專
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		囀
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tons/

    Definitions[edit]

    轉

    1. (intransitive) to revolve; to rotate; to turn
    2. revolution; rotation; turn
    3. (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, dialectal Min, dialectal Wu) hair whorl
    4. number of times; time
    5. to wind around; to go around; bypass
    6. to lose (way); to get lost
    7. (colloquial) to stroll; to saunter; to amble; to wander
    8. Alternative form of 囀／啭 (zhuàn, “to chirp; to warble; to chirrup”).
    9. (music) RPM
      78轉黑膠／78转黑胶  ―  78 zhuàn hēijiāo  ―  78 RPM record
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 髮旋 (“hair whorl; crown of the head”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 髮旋
    Mandarin Beijing 旋兒
    Harbin 旋兒
    Jinan 旋兒
    Luoyang 旋兒, 頭髮旋兒
    Xi'an 旋
    Yinchuan 旋
    Xining 旋, 頭髮旋兒
    Ürümqi 旋兒
    Chengdu 旋兒
    Chongqing 旋兒
    Guiyang 旋
    Kunming 頂
    Liuzhou 旋
    Cantonese Guangzhou 轉
    Hong Kong 轉
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 轉
    Macau 頭髮轉
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 頭髮轉
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 轉
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 轉
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 轉
    Foshan 轉
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 轉
    Foshan (Shunde) 轉
    Foshan (Sanshui) 轉
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 轉
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 頭髮轉
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 頭髮轉
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 頭轉
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 頭轉
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 頭轉
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 轉
    Taishan 旋
    Kaiping (Chikan) 頂
    Enping (Niujiang) 串
    Heshan (Yayao) 頭髮轉
    Dongguan 腦殼轉
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 頭轉
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 轉
    Gan Nanchang 旋
    Lichuan 旋兒
    Pingxiang 旋
    Hakka Meixian 旋
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 旋
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 㾭禾旋
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 旋
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 頭那毛轉
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 旋
    Wengyuan 旋
    Liannan 旋
    Conghua (Lütian) 旋
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 毛旋
    Changting 旋
    Wuping (Yanqian) 旋
    Ninghua 旋
    Ningdu 腦頂
    Tonggu (Sandu) 旋
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 旋
    Dayu 旋
    Hong Kong 旋
    Mengshan (Xihe) 旋
    Luchuan 旋
    Senai (Huiyang) 旋
    Huizhou Jixi 旋
    Min Bei Jian'ou 旋
    Min Nan Xiamen 旋
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 旋
    Quanzhou 旋
    Yongchun 旋
    Zhangzhou 旋
    Taipei 旋
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 旋
    Kaohsiung 旋
    Yilan 旋
    Changhua (Lukang) 旋
    Taichung 旋
    Taichung (Wuqi) 旋
    Tainan 旋
    Taitung 旋
    Hsinchu 旋
    Kinmen 旋
    Penghu (Magong) 旋
    Shantou 旋
    Shantou (Chenghai) 旋
    Jieyang 旋
    Haifeng 旋
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 旋
    Wu Shanghai 頭腡, 旋腡, 腡
    Hangzhou 旋
    Ningbo 旋
    Jinhua 旋
    Xiang Changsha 旋
    Loudi 旋

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 轉

    Pronunciation 3[edit]

    trad. 轉
    simp. 转

    Definitions[edit]

    轉

    1. (Mandarin, colloquial) Alternative form of 拽 (“to act pretentiously; to show off”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 轉

    Pronunciation 4[edit]

    trad. 轉
    simp. 转
    alternative forms 撙 Min Dong
    捘 Hokkien

    Note: ruêng2 - Chaozhou.

    Definitions[edit]

    轉

    1. (Min) to twist with force or with a tool

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai

    		転

    Kyūjitai

    		轉

    Kanji[edit]

    轉

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 転)

    1. (to) shift
    2. (to) move
    3. (to) turn

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 轉 (MC ʈˠiuᴇnX, ʈˠiuᴇnH). Recorded as Middle Korean 뎐〯 (tyěn) (Yale: tyen) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    轉 (eumhun 구를 전 (gureul jeon))

    1. Hanja form? of 전 (“(to) turn; (to) move”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    轉: Hán Nôm readings: chuyển, chuyên, chuyền, chuyến

    1. (to) shift
    2. (to) move
    3. (to) turn

    References[edit]

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