車

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車 U+8ECA, 車
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8ECA
← 軉
[U+8EC9]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 軋 →
[U+8ECB]
車 U+F902, 車
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F902
← 更
[U+F901]		 CJK Compatibility Ideographs 賈 →
[U+F903]
See also: 车 and 倝

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
車-order.gif

Han character[edit]

Commons-logo.svg
See images of
Radical 159 車

車 (radical 159 車+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十田十 (JWJ), four-corner 50006, composition ⿻二申)

  1. Kangxi radical #159, ⾞.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1239, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38172
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1712, character 34
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3511, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8ECA

Chinese[edit]

trad. 車
simp. 车

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 車
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
車-oracle.svg 車-bronze.svg 車-silk.svg 車-bigseal.svg 車-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (車) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
車 *kʰlja, *kla
硨 *kʰlja
厙 *qʰljaːs
庫 *kʰaːs

Ideogram (指事): it is derived from a pictogram of a carriage seen from above, with the long vertical stroke representing the axle, the central square representing the body of the carriage, and the top and bottom horizontal lines representing the wheels.

Note that 倝 (OC *kaːns) (as in left part of 朝 (OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew)) is not derived from 車.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Rime
Character 車
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 昌 (24)
Final (韻) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 尺遮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕʰia/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕʰia/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕʰia/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cʰia/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕʰia/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕʰĭa/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕʰi̯a/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chē
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 車
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 chē
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyhæ ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[t.qʰ](r)A/
English chariot

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 車
Reading # 1/2
No. 1311
Phonetic
component		 車
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 車
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰlja/

Definitions[edit]

車

  1. † chariot; cart
  2. vehicle; car (Classifier: 輛／辆; 部; 臺／台; 架 c; 頂／顶 mn)
  3. machine; instrument (Classifier: 部)
  4. † carry in cart
  5. † to machine, to shape with a lathe
  6. to tailor or sew using a sewing machine
    車衫 / 车衫 [Cantonese]  ―  ce1 saam1 [Jyutping]  ―  to sew clothes with a sewing machine
  7. (Cantonese) to drive somebody; to give somebody a ride
    你可唔可以車我去地鐵站呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    你可唔可以车我去地铁站呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    Nei5 ho2 m4 ho2 ji5 ce1 ngo5 heoi3 dei6 tit3 zaam6 aa3? [Jyutping]
    Can you drive me to the MTR station?
  8. (Sichuan) to rotate

Usage notes[edit]

  • 車／车 is a collective term for all types of vehicles with wheel(s). Additional morphemes are added in front to specify the type of the vehicle. For example:
    汽車 / 汽车  ―  qìchē  ―  car
    火車 / 火车  ―  huǒchē  ―  train
    自行車 / 自行车  ―  zìxíngchē  ―  bicycle
    嬰兒車 / 婴儿车  ―  yīng'érchē  ―  pram

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 車

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Note: gu1 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.
Rime
Character 車
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 九魚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kɨə̆/
Li
Rong		 /kiɔ/
Wang
Li		 /kĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jū
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 車
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kjo ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.q(r)a/
English chariot

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 車
Reading # 2/2
No. 1315
Phonetic
component		 車
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 居
Old
Chinese		 /*kla/

Definitions[edit]

車

車

  1. (Chinese chess) chariot; rook

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 車

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

車

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. vehicle

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds
Kanji in this term
車
くるま
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Etymology[edit]

From either くるくる (kurukuru, “spinning”) or 眩めく (kurumeku, “to spin”), and 輪 (ma), modern 輪 (wa, “circle/ring”) (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

車 (counter 台, hiragana くるま, rōmaji kuruma)

  1. a car, an automobile, a carriage, a cart
  2. a wheel, a caster

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

References[edit]

  1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

車 • (cha, geo)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 차, 거 (revised: cha, geo, McCune-Reischauer: ch'a, kŏ, Yale: cha, ke)
    • Name (hangeul): 수레
  1. (수레 차, sure-): cart; wheeled machinery

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

車 (xa, xe, xế)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds[edit]

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