Wiktionary:About Chinese/Cantonese/Dongguan
Dongguan Cantonese (Chinese: 東莞話) is a language of the Yue branch of Chinese, currently called Category:Cantonese language on Wiktionary.
Its representative locality is Guancheng (莞城街道).
Romanization
[edit]For the romanization, Jyutping++ is adopted as below. (The official Jyutping++ does not include Dongguan.)
Initials
[edit]Under the current analysis, Dongguan Cantonese has 19 initials, including the zero-initial.
| Jyutping++ | IPA | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| b | /p/ | 巴班八 |
| p | /pʰ/ | 披爬盼匹 |
| m | /m/ | 媽麻晚勿／妈麻晚勿 |
| f | /f/ | 花扶反佛 |
| d | /t/ | 多丹達／多丹达 |
| t | /tʰ/ | 拖駝貪脫／拖驼贪脱 |
| n | /n/ | 拿難納／拿难纳 |
| z | /t͡s/ | 渣爭卒／渣争卒 |
| c | /t͡sʰ/ | 叉茶餐七 |
| s | /s/ | 沙蛇山失 |
| g | /k/ | 家奸結 |
| k | /kʰ/ | 箍其强決 |
| ng | /ŋ/ | 鴉羅暗辣／鸦罗暗辣 |
| h | /h/ | 蝦霞刊血／虾霞刊血 |
| gw | /kʷ/ | 瓜關骨／瓜关骨 |
| kw | /kʰʷ/ | 跨葵狂窟 |
| j | /z/ | 衣移央一 |
| w | /v/ | 蛙華彎滑／蛙华弯滑 |
| ∅ | — | 阿五 |
Finals
[edit]Under the current analysis, Dongguan Cantonese has 40 finals, including the syllabic /m̩/.
| -i | -u | -m | -n | -ng | -p | -t | -k | -h | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aa | aa /a/ 巴 |
aai /ai/ 佳 |
aau /au/ 包 |
aang /aŋ/ 三 |
aak /ak̚/ 測 |
aah /aʔ/ 雜 | ||||
| a | ai /ɐi/ 卑 |
am /ɐm/ 今 |
an /ɐn/ 巾 |
ap /ɐp̚/ 入 |
at /ɐt̚/ 出 |
ak /ɐk̚/ 北 |
||||
| e | e /ɛ/ 八 |
eng /ɛŋ/ 班 |
ek /ɛk̚/ 白 |
|||||||
| ea | eang /əŋ/ 京 |
eak /ək̚/ 食 |
||||||||
| oe | oe /ø/ 車 |
oen /øn/ 端 |
oeng /øŋ/ 張 |
oet /øt̚/ 月 |
oek /øk̚/ 石 |
|||||
| o | o /ɔ/ 多 |
oi /ɔi/ 低 |
ou /ɔu/ 褒 |
ong /ɔŋ/ 方 |
ok /ɔk̚/ 十 |
|||||
| i | i /i/ 支 |
iu /iu/ 標 |
in /in/ 邊 |
it /it̚/ 別 |
ik /ɪk̚/ 列 |
|||||
| u | u /u/ 姑 |
ui /ui/ 杯 |
un /un/ 般 |
ung /ʊŋ/ 冬 |
ut /ut̚/ 活 |
uk /ʊk̚/ 竹 |
||||
| yu | yu /y/ 朱 |
|||||||||
| m | m /m̩/ 五 |
Tones
[edit]Dongguan Cantonese has 9 tones, which are represented by as below. Note that there is no Tone 6.
| Jyutping++ | Tone numerals | Traditional category | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 213 | dark level (陰平) | 師 |
| 2 | 35 | dark rising (陰上) | 使 |
| 3 | 32 | departing (去) | 是 |
| 4 | 21 | light level (陽平) | 時 |
| 5 | 13 | light rising (陽上) | 市 |
| 7 | 44 | dark entering (陰入) | 適 |
| 8 | 22 | light entering (陽入) | 食 |
| 9 | 24 | changed entering (變入) | 八 |
| 0 | 55 | first changed tone | 仔 |
Tones 0 and 2 are used grammatically to change the meaning of a word. Tone 0 cannot be found in a character intrinsically.
Input format
[edit]In the pronunciation section of each entry, under the {{zh-pron}} template, use the |c-dg= parameter to indicate the pronunciation of the entry in Jyutping++ as described above. Use commas , without spaces to separate alternate readings.
Use -0 or -2 to indicate a changed tone.
|c-dg=cak7 soeng5 be9 ngok8
- Cantonese (Dongguan, Jyutping++): cak7 soeng5 be9 ngok8
|c-dg=zoi2-0
- Cantonese (Dongguan, Jyutping++): zoi2-0
|c-dg=deng3-2
- Cantonese (Dongguan, Jyutping++): deng3-2
References
[edit]- 詹伯慧, 陳曉錦, editors (1997), 東莞方言詞典 [A Dictionary of the Dongguan Dialect] (Great Dictionary of Modern Chinese Dialects), first edition, Nanjing: 江蘇教育出版社