朱

See also: 硃

朱 U+6731, 朱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6731 ← 朰 [U+6730] CJK Unified Ideographs 朲 → [U+6732]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

朱 (radical 75, 木+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹十木 (HJD), four-corner 2590₀, composition ⿰丿未 or ⿻𠂉木)

Derived characters

• 侏, 诛, 𠙎, 㧣, 咮, 姝, 洙, 邾, 陎, 𠱒, 𡥛, 𡱖, 𤝹, 𨒲, 𪣎, 𪨴, 𫷨, 㦵, 㸡, 䏭, 株, 殊, 珠, 𢼲, 𣂛, 𣆦, 𤈐, 𤔏, 𫾭, 𬆤, 㼡, 硃, 祩, 秼, 铢, 𣥵, 𤶎, 𥅲, 𫁍, 䇬, 䎷, 絑, 茱, 蛛, 袾, 𦐣, 𦐨, 𦧙, 䣷, 誅, 趎, 跦, 𧵺, 銖, 𣗾, 𣘈, 𨾲, 𪳔, 𬹣, 𣙸, 𩊣, 𩳅, 駯, 𩢻, 鮢, 鴸, 𣜱, 𪎡, 𪴄, 𣞊, 𧑤, 𪏿, 鼄, 𣠶

References

• KangXi: page 509, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14424
• Dae Jaweon: page 893, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1154, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6731

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Chinese

trad.		朱/硃
simp.		朱
硃 - cinnabar

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (朱) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
咮	*tu, *tus, *tos, *tjo
株	*to
誅	*to
邾	*to
鼄	*to
跦	*to
袾	*to, *tʰjo
鴸	*to, *tjo
蛛	*to
殊	*to, *djo
趎	*do
珠	*tjo
朱	*tjo
侏	*tjo
絑	*tjo
祩	*tjo, *tjos
鮢	*tjo
硃	*tjo
姝	*tʰjo
銖	*djo
茱	*djo
洙	*djo
陎	*djo

Ideogram (指事): a tree (木) with its center highlighted with an extra dot-like stroke, accentuating the tree's core; contrast 本, 末.

Etymology

Compare Proto-Vietic *tɔh (“red”) (Schuessler, 2007). 赭 (OC *tjaːʔ, “red paint”) may be related.

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhū (zhu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): zyu¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zi¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): jy³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chû

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zu¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): zu¹
• Min Dong (BUC): cuŏ
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zu¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): tsr (T1)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: zhū
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ
    • Wade–Giles: chu1
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ju
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zyu¹
    • Yale: jyū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzy¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ju¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃyː⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: jy³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chû
    • Hakka Romanization System: zu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zu¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡su¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cuŏ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suo⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu
    • Tâi-lô: tsu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zu¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: tsr (T1)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨo/

Rime
Character	朱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	章俱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕio/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕio/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*to/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjo/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	朱	朱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhū	zhū
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyu ›	‹ tsyu ›
Old Chinese	/*to/	/*to/
English	dwarf	red
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	朱
Reading #	1/1
No.	17569
Phonetic component	朱
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	朱
Old Chinese	/*tjo/
Notes	甲金文木中加劃表樹榦（本戴侗說），株初文

Definitions

朱

1. cinnabar; vermilion

   近朱者赤，近墨者黑 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   jìn zhū zhě chì, jìn mò zhě hēi [Pinyin]

   who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl (literally: "Proximity to cinnabar makes one red, to pitch makes one black.")

2. bright red
3. A surname​.

   朱熹  ―  Zhū Xī  ―  Zhu Xi (Song dynasty Neo-Confucian scholar)

   朱棣文  ―  Zhū Dìwén  ―  Steven Chu (an American physicist and former U.S. Secretary of Energy)

Synonyms

• (surname): 未撇朱

Descendants

• → English: Chu, Zhu

Compounds

Derived terms from 朱

• 傅粉施朱
• 周程張朱／周程张朱
• 弄粉調朱／弄粉调朱
• 惡紫奪朱／恶紫夺朱
• 搓粉團朱／搓粉团朱
• 搓粉摶朱／搓粉抟朱
• 施朱傅粉
• 朱丹
• 朱光
• 朱印本
• 朱口皓齒／朱口皓齿
• 朱古力 (zhūgǔlì)
• 朱坡埡／朱坡垭 (Zhūpōyā)
• 朱墨
• 朱墨本
• 朱墨爛然／朱墨烂然
• 朱子學／朱子学 (Zhūzǐxué)
• 朱子家訓／朱子家训
• 朱子語錄／朱子语录
• 朱子語類／朱子语类
• 朱家峪 (Zhūjiāyù)
• 朱實／朱实
• 朱希真
• 朱干玉戚
• 朱弦玉磬
• 朱彭 (Zhūpéng)
• 朱批
• 朱提 (Shūshí)
• 朱文
• 朱日和 (Zhūrìhé)
• 朱明
• 朱槿
• 朱標／朱标
• 朱比特 (Zhūbǐtè)

• 朱河 (Zhūhé)
• 朱洪武
• 朱漆 (zhūqī)
• 朱灣／朱湾 (Zhūwān)
• 朱營／朱营 (Zhūyíng)
• 朱王堡 (Zhūwángbǔ)
• 朱理安曆／朱理安历
• 朱瓦碧甍
• 朱甍碧瓦
• 朱砂 (zhūshā, “cinnabar”)
• 朱砂符
• 朱筆／朱笔
• 朱紅／朱红 (zhūhóng)
• 朱紫
• 朱紫難別／朱紫难别
• 朱絃
• 朱脣／朱唇
• 朱脣榴齒／朱唇榴齿
• 朱脣皓齒／朱唇皓齿
• 朱脣粉面／朱唇粉面
• 朱華／朱华
• 朱蕉 (zhūjiāo)
• 朱衣 (Zhūyī)
• 朱衣吏
• 朱衣神
• 朱衣點頭／朱衣点头
• 朱記／朱记
• 朱諾／朱诺 (Zhūnuò)
• 朱軒／朱轩
• 朱輪／朱轮
• 朱輪華轂／朱轮华毂
• 朱轓皂蓋／朱轓皂盖
• 朱邸
• 朱門／朱门 (zhūmén)

• 朱門繡戶／朱门绣户
• 朱閣／朱阁
• 朱閣青樓／朱阁青楼
• 朱陳／朱陈
• 朱陳之好／朱陈之好
• 朱陸異同／朱陆异同
• 朱雀 (zhūquè)
• 朱雀橋／朱雀桥
• 朱集 (Zhūjí)
• 朱雲折檻／朱云折槛
• 朱頂／朱顶
• 朱顏／朱颜
• 朱顏粉面／朱颜粉面
• 朱顏鶴髮／朱颜鹤发
• 朱鳥／朱鸟
• 朱鷺／朱鹭 (zhūlù)
• 朱黃／朱黄
• 滿臉濺朱／满脸溅朱
• 琴斷朱弦／琴断朱弦
• 畫閣朱樓／画阁朱楼
• 白髮朱顏／白发朱颜
• 皓齒朱脣／皓齿朱唇
• 看朱成碧
• 碧瓦朱甍
• 程朱
• 紅紫亂朱／红紫乱朱
• 紆朱懷金／纡朱怀金
• 綠鬢朱顏／绿鬓朱颜
• 繡衣朱履／绣衣朱履
• 脣如塗朱／唇如涂朱
• 西朱範／西朱范 (Xīzhūfàn)
• 近朱近墨
• 銀朱／银朱

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shū, shú, zhū (shu¹, shu², zhu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨ, ㄕㄨˊ, ㄓㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): syu⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: shū
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
    • Wade–Giles: shu1
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: shú
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ
    • Wade–Giles: shu2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwu
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: zhū
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ
    • Wade–Giles: chu1
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ju
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: syu⁴
    • Yale: syùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: xu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʃyː²¹/

Definitions

朱

1. Only used in 朱提 (Shūshí).

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Japanese

Kanji

朱

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. vermilion
2. cinnabar
3. scarlet
4. red
5. bloody

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: しゅ (shu, Jōyō)^{←しゆ (syu, historical)}
• Kun: あか (aka, 朱); あき (aki, 朱); あけ (ake, 朱)
• Nanori: あかね (akane)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
朱
あけ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun

朱(あけ) • (ake) 

1. crimson

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
朱
あか Grade: S
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 朱 – see the following entry.

【赤あか】1 [noun] red (color) [noun] communism, socialism [noun] a communist [prefix] entirely Alternative spellings 朱, アカ

(This term, 朱, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

Noun

Kanji in this term
朱
しゅ Grade: S
kan’on

朱(しゅ) • (shu) 

1. Abbreviation of 朱色 (“vermilion”).

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Korean

Hanja

朱 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

朱: Hán Nôm readings: cho, chẩu, chõ, Chu, chau, châu, choa

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.