初

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初 U+521D, 初
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-521D
← 刜
[U+521C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刞 →
[U+521E]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character[edit]

初 (radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 中尸竹 (LSH), four-corner 37220, composition ⿰衤刀)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

Wikidata has structured data related to:

Wikidata

  • KangXi: page 137, character 33
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1911
  • Dae Jaweon: page 310, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 327, character 22
  • Unihan data for U+521D

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 初
variant forms
 
𥘉
𥝢
𠜆
𫢈
𢀯
𢀰
𡔈
䥚
𠫎
𣦂

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 初
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
初-oracle.svg 初-bronze.svg 初-silk.svg 初-seal.svg 初-bigseal.svg

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 衤 (“clothes”) + 刀 (“knife; to cut”) – start making clothes by cutting the cloth.

The various 𢀰-shaped glyphs are or are evolved from Zetian characters.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • chhoe/chhe - vernacular;
  • chho͘ - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 初
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 初 (19)
    Final (韻) 魚 (22)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 楚居切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ʃʰɨʌ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʈ͡ʂʰiɔ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ʃʰiɔ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʈ͡ʂʰɨə̆/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ʃʰiɔ/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ʃʰĭo/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯wo/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		chū
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 初
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		chū
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsrhjo ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ts]ʰra/
    English beginning

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 初
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 1589
    Phonetic
    component         		初
    Rime
    group         		魚
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		初
    Old
    Chinese         		/*sʰra/

    Definitions[edit]

    初

    1. initial; inceptive
    2. original; first; primary
    3. elementary; basic
    4. beginning; start
    5. initially; originally

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 初

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    初

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. beginning, start, first

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms[edit]

    See also[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    初
    うい
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese.

    upi > uɸi > uwi > ui.

    Noun[edit]

    初 (hiragana うい, rōmaji ui, historical hiragana うひ)

    1. the first; a start

    Prefix[edit]

    初 (hiragana うい, rōmaji ui-, historical hiragana うひ)

    1. first

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    初
    はつ
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese.

    patu > ɸatu > hatu

    Noun[edit]

    初 (hiragana はつ, rōmaji hatsu)

    1. the first; a start; the beginning
      今年 (ことし)初 (はつ)のコンサート
      kotoshi hatsu no konsāto
      the first concert of this year
    2. first sexual relations
    Antonyms

    Prefix[edit]

    初 (hiragana はつ, rōmaji hatsu-)

    1. first

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    初
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    From 始め (hajime, “beginning, first”).

    Proper noun[edit]

    初 (hiragana はじめ, rōmaji Hajime)

    1. A male given name

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    初 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    初: Hán Việt readings: sơ (楚(sở)徂(tồ)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
    初: Nôm readings: xưa[1][2][3][4][5], sơ[1][2][3][5], xơ[1][2][3], thơ[1][3][4], sờ[1]

    1. Hán tự form of sơ (“in the initial stage; primary; elementary”).
    2. Nôm form of xưa (“old; ancient; a long time ago”).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Trần (2004).
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hồ (1976).
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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