初
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Translingual[edit]
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Han character[edit]
初 (radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 中尸竹 (LSH), four-corner 37220, composition ⿰衤刀)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 137, character 33
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1911
- Dae Jaweon: page 310, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 327, character 22
- Unihan data for U+521D
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
初 | |
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| alternative forms | ||
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 初 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意): 衤 (“clothes”) + 刀 (“knife; to cut”) – start making clothes by cutting the cloth.
The various 𢀰-shaped glyphs are or are evolved from Zetian characters.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
初
- initial; inceptive
- original; first; primary
- elementary; basic
- beginning; start
- initially; originally
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 初
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Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
初
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: そ (so)
- Kan-on: しょ (sho, Jōyō)
- Kun: はじめ (hajime, 初め, Jōyō); はじめて (hajimete, 初めて, Jōyō); はつ (hatsu, 初, Jōyō); うい (ui, 初, Jōyō); そめる (someru, 初める, Jōyō)
- Nanori: はじめ (hajime); し (shi); もと (moto)
Compounds[edit]
- 初雪 (hatsuyuki): the first snow
- 初心 (shoshin): original intention
- 初心者 (shoshinsha): beginner
- 最初 (saisho): first
- 初速度 (shosokudo): initial velocity
- 初夏 (shoka): the beginning of summer
- 初春 (shoshun): the beginning of spring
- 初秋 (shoshū): the beginning of autumn
- 初冬 (shotō): the beginning of winter
- 初誕生 (hatsutanjō): first birthday
- 初々しい (uiuishii): innocent
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 初 |
| うい Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese.
upi > uɸi > uwi > ui.
Noun[edit]
- the first; a start
Prefix[edit]
初 • (ui-) (historical kana うひ)
- first
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 初 |
| はつ Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū completed 759 CE.[1] In turn, from Proto-Japonic *patu.
Presumably related to 初め (hajime, “beginning”), 端 (ha, “edge of something”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- the first, a start, the beginning
- first sexual relations, one's first time
Prefix[edit]
- first
Etymology 3[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 初 |
| Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
From 始め (hajime, “beginning, first”).
Proper noun[edit]
- A male given name
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
初 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
初: Hán Việt readings: sơ (
初: Nôm readings: xưa[3][4][5][6][7], sơ[3][4][5][7], xơ[3][4][5], thơ[3][5][6], sờ[3]
- Hán tự form of sơ (“in the initial stage; primary; elementary”).
- Nôm form of xưa (“old; ancient; a long time ago”).
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4516), text here
- ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Nguyễn (2014).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Trần (2004).
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Hồ (1976).
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading はじ-めて
- Japanese kanji with kun reading はつ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading うい
- Japanese kanji with kun reading そ-める
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しょ
- Japanese kanji with goon reading そ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading はじめ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading し
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading もと
- Japanese terms spelled with 初 read as うい
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
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- Japanese lemmas
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- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
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