初

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初 U+521D, 初
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-521D
← 刜
[U+521C]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 刞 →
[U+521E]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

初 (radical 18 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 中尸竹 (LSH), four-corner 37220, composition ⿰衤刀)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 137, character 33
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1911
  • Dae Jaweon: page 310, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 327, character 22
  • Unihan data for U+521D

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 初
alt. forms
 
𥘉
𥝢
𠜆
𫢈
𢀯
𢀰
𡔈
䥚
𠫎
𣦂

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 初
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
初-oracle.svg 初-bronze.svg 初-silk.svg 初-seal.svg 初-bigseal.svg

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 衤 (“clothes”) + 刀 (“knife; to cut”) – start making clothes by cutting the cloth.

The various 𢀰-shaped glyphs are or are evolved from Zetian characters.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • chho͘ - literary;
  • chhoe/chhe - vernacular.
Rime
Character 初
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 初 (19)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 楚居切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ʃʰɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈ͡ʂʰiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ʃʰiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈ͡ʂʰɨə̆/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ʃʰiɔ/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ʃʰĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʈ͡ʂʰi̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chū
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 初
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 chū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsrhjo ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ts]ʰra/
English beginning

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 初
Reading # 1/1
No. 1589
Phonetic
component		 初
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 初
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰra/

Definitions[edit]

初

  1. initial; inceptive
  2. original; first; primary
  3. elementary; basic
  4. beginning; start
  5. initially; originally

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 初

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

初

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. beginning, start, first

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
初
うい
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

upi > uɸi > uwi > ui.

Noun[edit]

初 (hiragana うい, rōmaji ui, historical hiragana うひ)

  1. the first; a start

Prefix[edit]

初 (hiragana うい, rōmaji ui-, historical hiragana うひ)

  1. first

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
初
はつ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

patu > ɸatu > hatu

Noun[edit]

初 (hiragana はつ, rōmaji hatsu)

  1. the first; a start; the beginning
    今年 (ことし)初 (はつ)のコンサート
    kotoshi hatsu no konsāto
    the first concert of this year
  2. first sexual relations
Antonyms

Prefix[edit]

初 (hiragana はつ, rōmaji hatsu-)

  1. first

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
初
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From 始め (hajime, “beginning, first”).

Proper noun[edit]

初 (hiragana はじめ, rōmaji Hajime)

  1. A male given name

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

初 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune-Reischauer ch'o)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

初 (sơ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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