端

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端 U+7AEF, 端
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AEF
← 竮
[U+7AEE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 竰 →
[U+7AF0]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

端 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿山一月 (YTUMB), four-corner 02127, composition ⿰立耑)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 872, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25806
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1303, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2714, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7AEF

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 端
alternative forms 耑

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 端
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
端-silk.svg 端-seal.svg 端-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (耑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
揣 *toːlʔ, *sʰrolʔ
褍 *toːlʔ, *toːn
惴 *tjols
圌 *djol, *djon
篅 *djol, *djon
瑞 *djols
端 *toːn
剬 *toːn, *tjonʔ
偳 *toːn, *tʰoːn
鍴 *toːn
耑 *toːn
踹 *toːns, *djonʔ
湍 *tʰoːn, *tjon
煓 *tʰoːn
貒 *tʰoːn, *tʰoːns
諯 *stʰons, *tjon, *tʰjons, *djon
顓 *tjon
喘 *tʰjonʔ
遄 *djon
輲 *djon
椯 *djon
歂 *djon, *djonʔ
腨 *djonʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *toːn): semantic 立 + phonetic 耑 (OC *toːn).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • toaⁿ - vernacular;
  • toan - literary.
Note:
  • duêng1 - Chaozhou;
  • duang1 - Shantou.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 端
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 端 (5)
    Final (韻) 桓 (62)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 多官切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/tuɑn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/tʷɑn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/tuɑn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/twan/
    Li
    Rong         		/tuɑn/
    Wang
    Li         		/tuɑn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/tuɑn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		duān
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		dyun1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 端
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		duān
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ twan ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tˁor/
    English tip (n.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 端
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 2500
    Phonetic
    component         		耑
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		端
    Old
    Chinese         		/*toːn/

    Definitions[edit]

    端

    1. to hold something level with hand
    2. end; tip
    3. beginning; start
      開端 / 开端  ―  kāiduān  ―  beginning
    4. upright; erect
      端正  ―  duānzhèng  ―  upright; proper
    5. to wipe out; to destroy altogether
      警方端掉販毒窩點。 [MSC, trad.]
      警方端掉贩毒窝点。 [MSC, simp.]
      Jǐngfāng duān diào fàndú wōdiǎn. [Pinyin]
      The police destroyed the lair of drug lords.
    6. (figuratively, colloquial, derogatory, usually followed by 著／着) to put on airs; to act pretentiously
    7. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 端 (MC tuɑn)

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 端

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (端):
    • → Japanese: 端(たん) (tan)
    • → Korean: 단 (端, dan)
    • → Vietnamese: đoan (端)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    端

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    端
    はし
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    端(はし) • (hashi) 

    1. an edge; the beginning or end of something

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    2. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    端 (eumhun 끝 단 (kkeut dan))

    1. Hanja form? of 단 (“end”).
    2. Hanja form? of 단 (“(geography) cape”).
    3. Hanja form? of 단 (“clue”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    端: Hán Nôm readings: đoan

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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