端

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端 U+7AEF, 端
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AEF
← 竮
[U+7AEE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 竰 →
[U+7AF0]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

端 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿山一月 (YTUMB), four-corner 02127, composition ⿰立耑)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 872, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25806
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1303, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2714, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7AEF

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 端
alternative forms 耑

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 端
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (耑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
揣 *toːlʔ, *sʰrolʔ
褍 *toːlʔ, *toːn
惴 *tjols
圌 *djol, *djon
篅 *djol, *djon
瑞 *djols
端 *toːn
剬 *toːn, *tjonʔ
偳 *toːn, *tʰoːn
鍴 *toːn
耑 *toːn
踹 *toːns, *djonʔ
湍 *tʰoːn, *tjon
煓 *tʰoːn
貒 *tʰoːn, *tʰoːns
諯 *stʰons, *tjon, *tʰjons, *djon
顓 *tjon
喘 *tʰjonʔ
遄 *djon
輲 *djon
椯 *djon
歂 *djon, *djonʔ
腨 *djonʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *toːn): semantic 立 + phonetic 耑 (OC *toːn).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • toaⁿ - vernacular;
  • toan - literary.
Note:
  • duêng1 - Chaozhou;
  • duang1 - Shantou.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 端
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 端 (5)
    Final (韻) 桓 (62)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 多官切
    Baxter twan
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/tuɑn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/tʷɑn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/tuɑn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/twan/
    Li
    Rong         		/tuɑn/
    Wang
    Li         		/tuɑn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/tuɑn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		duān
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		dyun1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 端
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		duān
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ twan ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tˁor/
    English tip (n.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 端
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 2500
    Phonetic
    component         		耑
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		端
    Old
    Chinese         		/*toːn/

    Definitions[edit]

    端

    1. to hold something level with hand
    2. end; tip
    3. beginning; start
      開端／开端  ―  kāiduān  ―  beginning
    4. upright; erect
      端正  ―  duānzhèng  ―  upright; proper
    5. (of a person) decent; upright; proper
    6. to wipe out; to destroy altogether
      警方端掉販毒窩點。 [MSC, trad.]
      警方端掉贩毒窝点。 [MSC, simp.]
      Jǐngfāng duān diào fàndú wōdiǎn. [Pinyin]
      The police destroyed the lair of drug lords.
    7. (figurative, colloquial, derogatory, usually followed by 著／着) to put on airs; to act pretentiously
    8. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 端 (MC twan)
    9. a surname: Duan

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (端):
    • → Japanese: 端(たん) (tan)
    • → Korean: 단(端) (dan)
    • → Vietnamese: đoan (端)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    端

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    端
    はし
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    端(はし) • (hashi) 

    1. an edge; the beginning or end of something

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    2. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    端 (eumhun 끝 단 (kkeut dan))

    1. Hanja form? of 단 (“end”).
    2. Hanja form? of 단 (“(geography) cape”).
    3. Hanja form? of 단 (“clue”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    端: Hán Nôm readings: đoan

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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