瑞

瑞 U+745E, 瑞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-745E ← 瑝 [U+745D] CJK Unified Ideographs 瑟 → [U+745F]

Translingual

Han character

瑞 (radical 96 玉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土山一月 (MGUMB), four-corner 1212₇, composition ⿰𤣩耑)

References

• KangXi: page 738, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21131
• Dae Jaweon: page 1148, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1126, character 10
• Unihan data for U+745E

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		瑞

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 瑞
Bamboo and silk script	Large seal script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (耑) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
揣	*toːlʔ, *sʰrolʔ
褍	*toːlʔ, *toːn
惴	*tjols
圌	*djol, *djon
篅	*djol, *djon
瑞	*djols
端	*toːn
剬	*toːn, *tjonʔ
偳	*toːn, *tʰoːn
鍴	*toːn
耑	*toːn
踹	*toːns, *djonʔ
湍	*tʰoːn, *tjon
煓	*tʰoːn
貒	*tʰoːn, *tʰoːns
諯	*stʰons, *tjon, *tʰjons, *djon
顓	*tjon
喘	*tʰjonʔ
遄	*djon
輲	*djon
椯	*djon
歂	*djon, *djonʔ
腨	*djonʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *djols): semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 耑 (OC *toːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ruì (rui⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sui
• Min Nan (POJ): sūi

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: ruì
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄟˋ
    • Wade-Giles: jui⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruey
    • IPA ^(key): /ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: seoi⁶
    • Yale: seuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêu⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sui
    • Hakka Romanization System: sui
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sui⁴
    • IPA: /su̯i⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sūi
    • Tâi-lô: suī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sui
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sui²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sui²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sui³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sui³³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 瑞
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʐuei⁵¹/
	Harbin	/luei²¹³/ /ʐuei²¹³/
	Tianjin	/ʐuei⁵³/
	Jinan	/luei²¹/
	Qingdao	/ʂue⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʐuei³¹²/
	Xi'an	/fei⁴⁴/
	Xining	/fɨ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʐuei¹³/
	Lanzhou	/fei¹³/
	Ürümqi	/vei²¹³/
	Wuhan	/suei³⁵/
	Chengdu	/suei¹³/ /zuei¹³/
	Guiyang	/suei²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʂuei²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʐuəi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ʂue⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/zuei⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/suei³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ʐuei⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/zø²³/
	Suzhou	/ze³¹/
	Hangzhou	/zz̩ʷei¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩²²/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕye²²/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕyei⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/ɕyəi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/sui²¹/ ～金
Hakka	Meixian	/sui⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/sui⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/søy²²/
	Nanning	/sui²²/
	Hong Kong	/søy²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/sui²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/suɔi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/sy⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/sui³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sui³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /d͡ʑiuᴇ^H/▼

Rime
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	支 (12)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	是僞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiuᴇH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑʷiɛH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjuɛH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑwiə̆H/
Li Rong	/ʑiueH/
Wang Li	/ʑǐweH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑwie̯H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuì

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[d]or-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*djols/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ruì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyweH ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]or-s/
English	jade tablet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
No.	2499
Phonetic component	耑
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	睡
Old Chinese	/*djols/

Definitions

瑞

1. ^† token made of jade
2. auspicious omen
3. auspicious
4. A surname​.

Compounds

• 人瑞 (rénruì)
• 仁瑞
• 仙蒂瑞拉
• 六瑞
• 國家祥瑞／国家祥瑞
• 國瑞／国瑞
• 天中五瑞
• 天瑞
• 委內瑞拉／委内瑞拉 (Wěinèiruìlā)
• 格瑞那達／格瑞那达 (Géruìnàdá)
• 海瑞罷官／海瑞罢官
• 瑞兆
• 瑞典 (Ruìdiǎn)
• 瑞典王國／瑞典王国
• 瑞士 (Ruìshì)

• 瑞士聯邦／瑞士联邦
• 瑞徵／瑞征
• 瑞應／瑞应
• 瑞氣／瑞气
• 瑞氣祥雲／瑞气祥云
• 瑞獸／瑞兽
• 瑞玉
• 瑞相
• 瑞穗鄉／瑞穗乡
• 瑞符
• 瑞簽／瑞签
• 瑞腦／瑞脑
• 瑞芝
• 瑞芳

• 瑞草
• 瑞雪 (ruìxuě)
• 瑞雲／瑞云
• 瑞靄／瑞霭
• 瑞香
• 瑞麥／瑞麦
• 皮瑞
• 祥瑞
• 祥雲瑞彩／祥云瑞彩
• 祥雲瑞氣／祥云瑞气
• 祥麟瑞鳳／祥麟瑞凤
• 符瑞
• 賴比瑞亞／赖比瑞亚 (Làibǐruìyà)
• 門闌藹瑞／门阑蔼瑞

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Japanese

Kanji

瑞

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Goon: ずい (zui)
• Kan’on: すい (sui)
• Kun: みず (mizu, 瑞)^{←みづ (midu, historical)}; しるし (shirushi, 瑞); みつ (mitsu, 瑞); たま (tama, 瑞); めでたい (medetai, 瑞い)

Compounds

• 瑞気
• 瑞祥
• 瑞西
• 瑞兆
• 瑞鶴
• 瑞夢
• 瑞垣
• 瑞穂国

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Korean

Hanja

瑞 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune-Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

瑞 (thuỵ, thụy)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.