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立

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ᇁ
立 U+7ACB, 立
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7ACB
← 竊
[U+7ACA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 竌 →
[U+7ACC]

⽴ U+2F74, ⽴
KANGXI RADICAL STAND
← ⽳
[U+2F73] 		Kangxi Radicals ⽵ →
[U+2F75]
立 U+F9F7, 立
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9F7
← 臨
[U+F9F6] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 笠 →
[U+F9F8]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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See images of
Radical 117 立

立 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿 (YT), four-corner 00108, composition ⿱亠䒑)

  1. Kangxi radical #117, ⽴.

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters
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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 870, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25721
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1299, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2706, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7ACB

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 立
alternative forms 𡗓

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 立
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (立) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涖 *rɯːbs, *rɯbs
莅 *rɯbs, *rɯbs
蒞 *rɯbs
位 *ɢʷrɯbs
拉 *ruːb
菈 *ruːb
颯 *sluːb
立 *rɯb
粒 *rɯb
笠 *ɡ·rɯb
砬 *rɯb
岦 *rɯb
苙 *ɡ·rɯb, *ɡrɯb
鴗 *rɯb
雴 *r̥ʰɯb
泣 *kʰrɯb

Pictogram (象形) – a person standing on the ground; compare 大 and 文. This characters is also a contracted form of 辛 on top of 妾 and 童. Unrelated to 音.

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kV-r(j)əp (“to stand”). Cognate with 位 (OC *ɢʷrɯbs).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • li̍p - literary;
  • lia̍p - vernacular (only in 立捷).
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 立
Mandarin Beijing /li⁵¹/
Harbin /li⁵³/
Tianjin /li⁵³/
Jinan /li²¹/
Qingdao /li⁴²/
Zhengzhou /li²⁴/
Xi'an /li²¹/
Xining /l̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /li¹³/
Lanzhou /li¹³/
Ürümqi /li²¹³/
Wuhan /ni²¹³/
Chengdu /ni³¹/
Guiyang /ni²¹/
Kunming /li³¹/
Nanjing /liʔ⁵/
Hefei /liəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /liəʔ²/
Pingyao /liʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /liəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /liɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /liəʔ³/
Hangzhou /liəʔ²/
Wenzhou /li²¹³/
Hui Shexian /li²²/
Tunxi /li¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /li²⁴/
Xiangtan /ni²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /liʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /lip̚⁵/
Taoyuan /lip̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lap̚²/
/lɐp̚²/
Nanning /lɐp̚²²/
Hong Kong /lap̚²/
/lɐp̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lip̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /liʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /li⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /lip̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /lip̚⁵/
/lip̚³/
Rime
Character 立
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 緝 (141)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力入切
Baxter lip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/liɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lip̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ljep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lip̚/
Li
Rong 		/liəp̚/
Wang
Li 		/lĭĕp̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/li̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lap6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 立
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ lip ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k.rəp/
English stand (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 立
Reading # 1/1
No. 7869
Phonetic
component 		立
Rime
group 		緝
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		立
Old
Chinese 		/*rɯb/

Definitions

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立

  1. to stand
    尋勿到座位末就要立垃海了。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    寻勿到座位末就要立垃海了。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    6zhin-veq-tau 6zu-we-meq 6zhieu 5iau 8liq-laq-he-leq [Wugniu]
    If you can't find a seat, then you will have to stand.
  2. to erect
  3. to set up; to establish
  4. to institute; to lay down; to draw up; to compose (legal document)
  5. to exist; to live
  6. standing
  7. to place on the throne; to take the throne
  8. upright; vertical
  9. immediately; at once
    立刻  ―  lìkè  ―  immediately
    不買立省100%／不买立省100%  ―  bù mǎi lì shěng 100%  ―  buy nothing and save 100% immediately
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 站 (“to stand”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 立
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 站立
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 站
Taiwan 站
Harbin 站, 杵
Malaysia 站
Singapore 站
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 站
Jinan 站
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 立
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 立
Xi'an 站, 立
Xining 站
Yanqi 站
Xuzhou 站
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 站
Lanzhou 站
Ürümqi 站, 立
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 站, 立
Wuhan 站
Guilin 站
Liuzhou 站
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 站
Yangzhou 站
Hefei 站
Mandarin Nanping (Yanping) 立
Cantonese Guangzhou 徛
Hong Kong 徛
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 徛
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 徛
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 徛
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 徛
Macau 徛
Guangzhou (Panyu) 徛
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 徛
Guangzhou (Conghua) 徛
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 徛
Foshan 徛
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 徛
Foshan (Shunde) 徛
Foshan (Sanshui) 徛
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 徛
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 徛
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 徛
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 徛
Zhuhai (Doumen) 徛
Jiangmen (Baisha) 徛
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 徛
Taishan 徛
Kaiping (Chikan) 徛
Enping (Niujiang) 徛
Heshan (Yayao) 徛
Dongguan 徛
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 徛
Qingyuan 徛
Fogang 徛
Yingde (Hanguang) 徛
Yangshan 徛
Lianshan (Butian) 徛
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 徛
Shaoguan 徛
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 徛
Renhua 徛
Lechang 徛
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 徛
Sihui 徛
Guangning 徛
Deqing 徛
Huaiji 徛
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 徛
Yunfu 徛
Xinxing 徛
Luoding 徛
Yangjiang 徛
Xinyi 徛
Maoming (Xinpo) 徛
Lianjiang 徛
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 徛
Nanning 徛
Yulin 徛
Beihai 徛
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 徛
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 徛
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 徛
Danzhou 徛
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 徛
Singapore (Guangfu) 徛
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 徛
Móng Cái 徛
Gan Nanchang 徛, 站
Lichuan 徛
Pingxiang 徛, 站
Hakka Meixian 徛
Xingning 徛
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 徛
Huidong (Daling) 徛
Dongguan (Qingxi) 徛
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 徛
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 徛
Wuhua (Huacheng) 徛
Heyuan (Bendihua) 徛
Zijin 徛
Wengyuan 徛
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 徛
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 徛
Liannan 徛
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 徛
Jiexi 徛
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 徛
Changting 徛
Wuping 徛
Wuping (Yanqian) 徛
Wuping (Pingyu) 徛
Liancheng 徛
Ninghua 徛
Yudu 徛
Ruijin 徛
Shicheng 徛
Shangyou (Shexi) 徛
Tonggu (Sandu) 徛
Ganzhou (Panlong) 徛
Dayu 徛
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 徛
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 徛
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 徛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 徛
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 徛
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 徛
Hong Kong 徛
Yangxi (Tangkou) 徛
Yangchun (Sanjia) 徛
Xinyi (Sihe) 徛
Xinyi (Qianpai) 徛
Gaozhou (Xindong) 徛
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 徛
Huazhou (Xin'an) 徛
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 徛
Lianjiang (Qingping) 徛
Mengshan (Xihe) 徛
Luchuan 徛
Senai (Huiyang) 徛
Jin Taiyuan 站
Xinzhou 站
Northern Min Jian'ou 徛
Eastern Min Fuzhou 徛
Fuzhou (Changle) 徛
Fuqing 徛
Yongtai 徛
Gutian 徛
Fu'an 徛
Ningde 徛
Shouning 徛
Zhouning 徛
Fuding 徛
Southern Min Xiamen 徛
Quanzhou 徛
Yongchun 徛
Dehua 徛
Zhangzhou 徛
Taipei 徛
New Taipei (Sanxia) 徛
Kaohsiung 徛
Yilan 徛
Changhua (Lukang) 徛
Taichung 徛
Tainan 徛
Hsinchu 徛
Kinmen 徛
Penghu (Magong) 徛
Penang (Hokkien) 徛
Singapore (Hokkien) 徛
Manila (Hokkien) 徛
Guilin (Biyange) 站
Chaozhou 徛
Shantou 徛
Shantou (Chenghai) 徛
Jieyang 徛
Haifeng 徛
Bangkok (Teochew) 徛
Phnom Penh (Teochew) 徛
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 徛
Singapore (Teochew) 徛
Pontianak (Teochew) 徛
Leizhou 徛
Wenchang 徛
Haikou 徛
Singapore (Hainanese) 徛
Puxian Min Putian 徛
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 徛
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 徛
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 徛
Xianyou 徛
Xianyou (Fengting) 徛
Xianyou (Youyang) 徛
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 徛
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 徛
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 徛
Wu Shanghai 立
Shanghai (Songjiang) 立
Shanghai (Jiading) 立
Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) 立
Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) 立
Shanghai (Chongming) 徛
Suzhou 立
Suzhou (Wujiang) 立
Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang) 立
Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) 立
Wuxi 立
Changshu 立
Kunshan 立
Taicang 立
Jiaxing 立
Jiashan 立
Pinghu 立
Haining (Yanguan) 立
Haining (Xiashi) 立
Tongxiang 立
Haiyan 立
Changzhou 徛
Liyang 徛
Changzhou (Jintan) 徛
Yixing 徛
Danyang 站, 立
Huzhou 立
Changxing 徛
Anji 徛
Deqing 立
Hangzhou 立
Hangzhou (Yuhang) 徛
Hangzhou (Lin'an) 徛
Hangzhou (Fuyang) 徛
Hangzhou (Xiaoshan) 徛
Tonglu 徛
Tonglu (Wusheng) 徛
Shaoxing 徛, 立
Zhuji 徛
Shengzhou 徛
Xinchang 徛
Ningbo 立
Ningbo (Zhenhai) 隑
Ningbo (Fenghua) 立
Yuyao 隑
Cixi 隑
Xiangshan 徛
Ninghai 徛
Zhoushan 立
Taizhou (Huangyan) 徛
Tiantai 徛
Xianju 徛
Linhai 徛
Wenling 徛
Wenzhou 徛
Yueqing 徛
Yongjia (Fenglin) 徛
Rui'an 徛
Wencheng 徛
Lishui 徛
Qingtian 徛
Jinyun 徛
Wuyi (Liucheng) 徛
Yunhe 徛
Jingning 徛
Longquan 徛
Quzhou 徛
Suichang 徛
Jiangshan 徛
Changshan 徛
Kaihua 徛
Longyou 徛
Jinhua 徛
Jinhua (Tangxi) 徛
Yiwu 徛
Yongkang 徛
Pujiang 徛
Dongyang 徛
Pan'an 徛
Wuyi 徛
Lanxi 徛
Shangrao 徛
Shangrao (Guangfeng) 徛
Yushan 徛
Pucheng 徛
Xiang Changsha 站, 徛
Loudi 徛
Shuangfeng 徛
Note 徛 - often written as 企 in Cantonese.

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (立):
  • → Vietnamese: lập (立)

Etymology 2

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From English litre.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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立

  1. (Hokkien) litre

References

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  • 周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “立”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 355.

Japanese

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Kanji

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立

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to stand up
  2. to rise
  3. erect
  4. to set up

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
立
りつ
Grade: 1
kan'yōon

Middle Chinese 立 (lip)

Pronunciation

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Affix

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立(りつ) • (ritsu) 

  1. stand
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
立
りっとる
Grade: 1
(ateji)
irregular
For pronunciation and definitions of 立 – see the following entry.
【リットル】
[noun] liter/litre (unit of fluid measure)
(This term, 立, is an alternative spelling (obsolete) of the above term.)

References

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Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 立 (MC lip). Recorded as Middle Korean 립〮 (líp) (Yale: líp) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

立 (eumhun 설 립 (seol rip), word-initial (South Korea) 설 입 (seol ip))

  1. hanja form? of 립/입 (“to stand; to make erect; to establish”)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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立: Hán Việt readings: lập[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
立: Nôm readings: lập[1][2][3][5][6][7], sập[3][4][5][6][7], rập[1][2][7], lụp[1][3][4], rắp[1][2], rợp[1][2], sấp[1][2], lớp[1][3], dập[1], lắp[1], lấp[1], lợp[1], rấp[1], sắp[1], xập[1], sầm[3], sụp[3], lặp[7]

  1. chữ Hán form of lập (“to set up; to establish”)
  2. chữ Hán form of Lập (“a male given name”)
    陳立 ― Trần Lập
  3. chữ Nôm form of lắp (“to repeat; to iterate”)
  4. chữ Nôm form of lấp (“to fill up; to stop (up)”)
  5. chữ Nôm form of lập (“used in lập loè (“glittering”)”)
  6. chữ Nôm form of lớp (“layer”)
  7. chữ Nôm form of lợp (“to roof (to cover or furnish with a roof)”)
  8. chữ Nôm form of lụp (“used in lụp xụp (“(of a place) run-down, decrepit”)”)
  9. chữ Nôm form of rắp (“(dated, chiefly in compounds) to be about to”)
  10. chữ Nôm form of rấp (“to block up with thorny branches”)
  11. chữ Nôm form of rợp (“to overshadow”)
  12. chữ Nôm form of sắp (“to arrange; (future marker) about to”)
  13. chữ Nôm form of sấp (“face-down”)

Compounds

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Hồ (1976).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Bonet (1899).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Génibrel (1898).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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