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笠

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
笠 U+7B20, 笠
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B20
← 笟
[U+7B1F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 笡 →
[U+7B21]
笠 U+F9F8, 笠
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9F8
← 立
[U+F9F7] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 粒 →
[U+F9F9]

Translingual

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Han character

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笠 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+5, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 竹卜廿 (HYT), four-corner 88108, composition ⿱𥫗立)

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 880, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25924
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1308, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2959, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+7B20

Chinese

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trad. 笠
simp. # 笠

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 笠
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (立) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涖 *rɯːbs, *rɯbs
莅 *rɯbs, *rɯbs
蒞 *rɯbs
位 *ɢʷrɯbs
拉 *ruːb
菈 *ruːb
颯 *sluːb
立 *rɯb
粒 *rɯb
笠 *ɡ·rɯb
砬 *rɯb
岦 *rɯb
苙 *ɡ·rɯb, *ɡrɯb
鴗 *rɯb
雴 *r̥ʰɯb
泣 *kʰrɯb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡ·rɯb): semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 立 (OC *rɯb).

Etymology 1

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Compare Proto-Tai *klɤpᴰ (“bamboo hat”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sā̤ - vernacular;
  • lĭ - literary.
Note:
  • leh7/lieh7 - vernacular;
  • lih7 - literary.
Note:
  • loe̍h/le̍h/lēre - vernacular;
  • li̍p - literary.
Rime
Character 笠
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 緝 (141)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力入切
Baxter lip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/liɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lip̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ljep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lip̚/
Li
Rong 		/liəp̚/
Wang
Li 		/lĭĕp̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/li̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lap6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 笠
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ lip ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k.rəp/
English bamboo-splint hat

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 笠
Reading # 1/1
No. 7871
Phonetic
component 		立
Rime
group 		緝
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		立
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡ·rɯb/

Definitions

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笠

  1. Asian conical hat
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 斗笠 (“Asian conical hat”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 斗笠
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 斗笠
Harbin 斗笠
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 斗笠
Xuzhou 斗笠
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 斗篷
Wuhan 斗笠
Guiyang 斗篷
Liuzhou 笠帽
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 斗篷
Yangzhou 斗篷
Mandarin Nanping (Yanping) 斗篷
Cantonese Guangzhou 竹帽
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 斗笠
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 竹帽
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 笠嫲
Dongguan 笠帽
Gan Nanchang 斗笠
Lichuan 斗笠, 笠
Pingxiang 笠斗, 斗笠
Hakka Meixian 笠嫲, 竹笠
Xingning 笠嫲
Huidong (Daling) 笠嫲
Dongguan (Qingxi) 笠嫲
Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) 笠嫲
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 笠嫲
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 笠嫲
Wuhua (Huacheng) 笠嫲
Wuhua (Changbu) 笠嫲
Wuhua (Mianyang) 笠嫲
Heyuan (Bendihua) 竹帽
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 笠嫲
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 笠嫲
Jiexi 笠嫲
Changting 笠嫲, 斗笠
Wuping 笠嫲
Wuping (Pingyu) 笠嫲
Liancheng 笠嫲
Ninghua 笠嫲
Yudu 斗笠
Ruijin 笠婆
Shicheng 笠嫲
Shangyou (Shexi) 斗笠
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 笠嫲
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 笠嫲
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 笠嫲
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 笠嫲
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 笠婆
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 笠婆
Hong Kong 笠嫲
Luchuan 笠嫲
Sabah (Longchuan) 笠嫲
Singkawang 笠嫲
Huizhou Jixi 陽笠
Shexian 箬笠
Huangshan (Tunxi) 箬笠
Xiuning 箬笠
Yixian 箬笠
Qimen 箬笠
Wuyuan 箬笠, 頂笠
Northern Min Jian'ou 箬笠
Pucheng (Shibei) 箬笠
Eastern Min Fuzhou 斗笠
Fuzhou (Changle) 斗笠
Fuqing 斗笠
Yongtai 斗笠
Gutian 斗笠
Fu'an 笠斗
Ningde 笠斗
Shouning 笠斗
Zhouning 笠斗
Fuding 笠斗
Matsu 斗笠
Southern Min Xiamen 笠仔, 笠, 雨笠 against rain
Quanzhou 笠仔, 笠, 大笠 against rain
Yongchun 笠
Zhangzhou 笠仔, 笠, 大笠 against rain
Taipei 笠仔
New Taipei (Sanxia) 笠仔
Kaohsiung 瓜笠仔
Yilan 雨笠, 笠仔
Changhua (Lukang) 大笠, 笠仔, 箬笠仔
Taichung 瓜笠仔
Tainan 草笠仔, 瓜笠仔
Hsinchu 草笠仔
Kinmen 笠仔
Penghu (Magong) 笠仔
Singapore (Hokkien) 笠仔
Longyan 笠嫲
Datian 笠
Chaozhou 葵笠
Shantou 葵笠
Shantou (Chenghai) 葵笠
Nan'ao (Houzhai) 葵笠
Nan'ao (Yun'ao) 葵笠
Jieyang 葵笠
Haifeng 果笠
Bangkok (Teochew) 葵笠
Wenchang 笠
Haikou 笠
Central Min Yong'an 笠
Sanming (Sanyuan) 笠
Sanming (Shaxian) 笠
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 笠
Shehua Fu'an 笠斗
Fuding 笠斗
Luoyuan 笠斗
Sanming 笠斗
Shunchang 笠斗
Hua'an 笠斗
Guixi (Zhangping) 笠斗
Cangnan 笠斗
Jingning (Hexi) 笠斗
Lishui 笠斗
Longyou 笠斗
Chaozhou 笠斗
Fengshun 笠斗
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 斗笠子
Wu Hangzhou 箬帽, 箬殼帽兒
Wenzhou 箬笠
Xiang Changsha 斗笠, 斗篷
Loudi 斗笠

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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笠

  1. (Cantonese, Nanning Pinghua, Leizhou Min) basket (made from interwoven bamboo strips)
  2. (Cantonese, Leizhou Min) to cover (with); to slip on
    笠頂帽上個頭 [Cantonese, trad.]
    笠顶帽上个头 [Cantonese, simp.]
    lap1 deng2 mou6-2 soeng5 go3 tau4 [Jyutping]
    to put a hat on one's head
  3. (Cantonese) to flatter; to fool

Compounds

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References

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  • “笠”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “笠”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 202.

Japanese

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笠

Kanji

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笠

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. Asian conical hat

Readings

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Etymology 1

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    Kanji in this term
    笠
    かさ
    Jinmeiyō
    kun'yomi
    Alternative spellings
    傘
    暈 (uncommon)
    仐 (rare)
    傘 (kasa): an umbrella.
    笠 (kasa): a traditional Japanese rain hat.
    暈 (kasa): a halo around the sun.
     笠 on Japanese Wikipedia

    From Old Japanese. Attested in a gloss of the Nihon Shoki (720) and Man'yōshū (759) in the ideographic spelling 笠.[1] In turn, from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *kasa (“rain hat”). Possibly related to 重なる (kasanaru, “to overlap, to be layered”, intransitive), 重ねる (kasaneru, “to overlap, to layer”, transitive),[1].

    The term originally refers to a bundle of reeds or sedges used as a rain hat.[1] Following the spread of folding umbrellas in the 900s after their introduction from Baekje or China, the sense gradually shifted to also mean "umbrella".

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    笠(かさ) • (kasa) 

    1. [from 720?/759] a traditional Japanese rain hat
      Synonyms: 編み笠 (amigasa, literally “woven rain hat”), 被り笠 (kaburigasa, literally “headwear rain hat”)
    2. by extension, something of the same shape as a rain hat
      1. [date uncertain] the bell or umbrella of a jellyfish
      2. [from 759] the top or shade of a stone lantern or table lamp
      3. [from 934] the shell or husk of a fruit or nut, such as a pinecone
      4. [from early 1900s] the cap of a mushroom
      5. [from early 1400s] the lid of a bowl
      6. [from mid 1400s] the cap of a calligraphy brush
    3. (by extension) something protective, such as the authority of a professional organization, or the financial clout of a parent company
    4. a family crest with pictures of various rain hats
    5. [from 721] 暈: a halo: a ring of refracted light around the sun or moon from the way that the sun or moon would look like the center of a rain hat, with the ring viewed as the brim
    6. [from late 900s] 傘: a folding umbrella (cloth-covered frame used for protection against rain or sun)
      Synonyms: 洋傘 (yōgasa), 洋傘 (yōsan)
      傘(かさ)を差(さ)す、傘(かさ)を広(ひろ)げる、傘(かさ)をすぼめる、傘(かさ)を巻(ま)く
      kasa o sasu, kasa o hirogeru, kasa o subomeru, kasa o maku
      hold an umbrella, open an umbrella, close an umbrella, roll up an umbrella
      • 1999 February 20 [1994 December 15], Rumiko Takahashi, “ＰＡＲＴ(パート).６(ろく)　伝(でん)説(せつ)の相(あい)合(あい)ガサ [Part 6: The Legendary Coupling Umbrella]”, in らんま½ [Ranma ½], 9th edition, volume 31 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 87:
        そのカサに一(いっ)緒(しょ)にはいった二人(ふたり)は必(かなら)ず相(そう)思(し)相(そう)愛(あい)の仲(なか)になるんですって、だから伝(でん)説(せつ)の相(あい)合(あい)ガサ。
        Sono kasa ni issho ni haitta futari wa kanarazu sōshi sōai no naka ni naru n desu tte, da kara densetsu no aiaigasa.
        Legend has it that any two people who get under that umbrella together are bound to fall in love, and that’s why it's called the legendary coupling umbrella.
    7. [from 1915] (thief cant, obsolete) the sun
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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      Kanji in this term
      笠
      りゅう
      Jinmeiyō
      on'yomi

      */ripu/ → /rifu/ → /riu/ → /rjuː/

      From Middle Chinese 笠 (MC lip).

      Only found in compounds.

      Pronunciation

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      Affix

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      笠(りゅう) • (ryū) ←りふ (rifu)?

      1. a rain hat
      Derived terms
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      Etymology 3

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        Kanji in this term
        笠
        りつ
        Jinmeiyō
        kan'yōon

        /ripu/ → /ritu/ → /rit͡su/

        Ultimately from Middle Chinese 笠 (MC lip). Shift in reading from the expected Old Japanese ripu to ritu.[5] Compare a similar shift in reading for the on'yomi of the kanji 立.

        Pronunciation

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        Affix

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        笠(りつ) • (ritsu) 

        1. a rain hat
        Derived terms
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        References

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        1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Dai-ni-han Henshū I'inkai (日本国語大辞典第二版編集委員会) (2001-2002), 日本国語大辞典　第二版 [Unabridged Japanese Dictionary: Second Edition], Tokyo (東京都): Shōgakukan (小学館), →ISBN
        2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
        3. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
        4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
        5. ^ “蓑笠”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

        Korean

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        Hanja

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        笠 (eumhun 삿갓 립 (satgat rip), word-initial (South Korea) 삿갓 입 (satgat ip))

        1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

        Vietnamese

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        Han character

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        笠: Hán Việt readings: lạp[1][2][3][4][5], lịp[6][7][8], liệp[6][7]
        笠: Nôm readings: lợp[1][3][4][6][7][8], rập[1][3][6][7][8], lớp[1][2][3][8], lép[3][4], liếp[3][4], lụp[3][4], rạp[3][4], rấp[1], lấp[2], rợp[2], nập[3], lẹp[3], sập[3], sệp[3], sụp[3], tấp[3], lúp[8]

        1. chữ Nôm form of lớp (“layer”)
          • 18th century, Đặng Trần Côn (鄧陳琨) (circa 1705–1745) (original Chinese), translated by Đoàn Thị Điểm (段氏點) (1705–1746/1748) (traditionally claimed), might actually be translated by Phan Huy Ích (潘輝益) (1751–1822), Chinh phụ ngâm khúc (征婦吟曲) [The Song of a Soldier's Wife], lines 143-144:
            𦼔𣛟𱥯笠終扃
            𨄹𡑝𠬠𨀈𤾓情艮魚
            Rêu xanh mấy lớp chung quanh,
            Dạo sân một bước, trăm tình ngẩn ngơ.
            With patches of green moss around me,
            Each step I take in the courtyard, hundred thoughts swirl in my heart.
        2. chữ Nôm form of lợp (“to roof (to cover or furnish with a roof)”)
        3. chữ Nôm form of rấp (“to block up; to cover up”)

        References

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        1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Nguyễn (2014).
        2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
        3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 Trần (2004).
        4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Hồ (1976).
        5. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
        6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Bonet (1899).
        7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Génibrel (1898).
        8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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