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傘

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 伞 and 仐
傘 U+5098, 傘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5098
← 傗
[U+5097] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 備 →
[U+5099]

Translingual

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Han character

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傘 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+10, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 人人人十 (OOOJ), four-corner 80408, composition ⿱人⿻十𠈌)

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 113, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 966
  • Dae Jaweon: page 241, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 198, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+5098

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 傘/繖*
simp. 伞
alternative forms
繖／𦇕／𰬷
𢄻
仐
𠌂
𠍘
繖／𦇕／𰬷
𢄻
仐
𠌂
𠍘
𡙫
𠋔
𠎃
𡙘
𰂝
𧝠
 

Glyph origin

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Pictogram (象形) - pictographic representation of an umbrella.

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sua3/suann3 - vernacular;
  • sang3 - literary.
Note:
  • sòaⁿ - vernacular;
  • sàn - literary.
Note:
  • sua3 - vernacular;
  • sang3 - literary.
Rime
Character 傘
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇旱切
Baxter sanX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/sɑnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/sɑnX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sɑnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/sanX/
Li
Rong 		/sɑnX/
Wang
Li 		/sɑnX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/sɑnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		sǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		saan2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 傘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		sǎn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sanX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[s]ˁarʔ/
English umbrella, parasol

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 傘
Reading # 1/1
No. 10966
Phonetic
component 		傘
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		散
Old
Chinese 		/*saːnʔ/
Notes 已見秦簡說文作繖

Definitions

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傘

  1. umbrella; parasol
    雨傘／雨伞  ―  yǔsǎn  ―  umbrella
    陽傘／阳伞  ―  yángsǎn  ―  parasol
  2. (Buddhism) chatra
  3. umbrella-like object
    菌傘／菌伞  ―  jūnsǎn  ―  pileus
  4. parachute
    跳傘／跳伞  ―  tiàosǎn  ―  parachute
    降落傘／降落伞  ―  jiàngluòsǎn  ―  parachute
    傘兵／伞兵  ―  sǎnbīng  ―  paratrooper; parachuter
  5. a surname, San

Synonyms

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  • (umbrella):
Dialectal synonyms of 傘 (“umbrella”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 蓋, 傘
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 傘
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 傘, 雨傘
Taiwan 傘, 雨傘
Chengde 傘
Ulanhot 傘
Tongliao 傘
Chifeng 傘, 雨傘
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 傘, 雨傘
Heihe 傘, 雨傘
Qiqihar 傘, 雨傘
Harbin 傘, 雨傘
Wuchang (Yingchengzi) 傘
Jiamusi 傘, 雨傘
Baicheng 傘, 雨傘
Changchun 傘
Tonghua 傘
Shenyang 傘, 雨傘
Jinzhou 傘, 雨傘
Malaysia 雨傘
Singapore 雨傘
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 傘, 雨傘
Tangshan 傘
Cangzhou 傘
Baoding 傘
Shijiazhuang 傘
Lijin 傘
Jinan 傘
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 傘
Dandong 傘, 雨傘
Yantai 傘
Yantai (Muping) 傘
Qingdao 傘
Zhucheng 傘
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 傘
Lingbao 傘
Jining 傘
Wanrong 傘
Linfen 傘
Shangqiu 傘
Yuanyang 傘
Zhengzhou 傘
Xinyang 傘
Baihe 傘, 雨傘
Xi'an 傘, 雨傘
Baoji 傘, 雨傘
Tianshui 傘
Xining 傘, 雨傘
Xuzhou 傘, 雨傘
Fuyang 傘, 雨傘, 撐桿子
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 傘
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 傘
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 傘, 雨傘
Bayanhot 傘
Lanzhou 傘, 雨傘
Dunhuang 傘
Hami 傘
Ürümqi 雨傘, 傘
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 傘, 雨傘, 撐花兒
Nanchong 傘, 雨傘
Dazhou 傘, 撐子, 撐花兒
Hanyuan 傘
Xichang 傘, 雨傘
Zigong 傘, 撐子
Chongqing 傘, 撐花兒
Wuhan 傘, 雨傘
Yichang 雨傘, 雨蓋
Xiangyang 傘, 雨傘, 雨蓋
Tianmen 傘, 雨傘, 雨蓋
Guiyang 傘, 雨傘
Zunyi 傘, 雨傘
Bijie 傘, 雨傘
Liping 傘, 布傘
Zhaotong 傘, 雨傘, 撐子
Dali 洋傘, 雨傘
Kunming 傘, 雨傘, 撐花
Mengzi 傘
Guilin 傘
Liuzhou 傘, 雨傘
Jishou 傘
Changde 傘, 雨傘
Hanzhong 傘, 雨傘
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 傘, 雨傘
Yangzhou 傘, 雨傘
Lianyungang 傘, 雨傘
Lianshui 傘
Nantong 傘, 雨傘, 雨蓋
Anqing 傘
Wuhu 傘, 撐桿子
Hefei 傘, 撐桿子
Hong'an 傘, 雨傘, 撐桿子, 雨蓋
Cantonese Guangzhou 遮, 雨遮
Hong Kong 遮, 雨遮
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 遮
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 遮
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 遮
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 遮
Macau 遮
Guangzhou (Panyu) 遮
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 遮
Guangzhou (Conghua) 遮
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 遮
Foshan 遮
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 遮
Foshan (Shunde) 遮
Foshan (Sanshui) 遮
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 遮
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 遮
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 遮
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 遮
Zhuhai (Doumen) 遮
Jiangmen (Baisha) 遮
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 遮
Taishan 遮
Kaiping (Chikan) 遮
Enping (Niujiang) 遮
Heshan (Yayao) 遮
Dongguan 遮
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 遮
Shaoguan 遮
Yunfu 遮
Yangjiang 遮
Xinyi 遮
Lianjiang 遮
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 雨遮
Nanning 遮
Wuzhou 遮
Yulin 雨遮
Hepu (Lianzhou) 遮
Beihai 雨遮
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 雨遮
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 雨遮
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 雨遮
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 遮
Singapore (Guangfu) 遮
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 遮
Móng Cái 雨遮
Gan Nanchang 傘
Pengze 傘
Lichuan 傘
Pingxiang 傘
Hakka Meixian 遮仔
Xingning 遮哩, 遮把
Dabu (Xihe) 遮仔
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 遮
Dongguan (Qingxi) 雨遮
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 遮
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 遮
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 遮哩
Wuhua (Huacheng) 遮哩
Wuhua (Changbu) 遮哥, 遮哩
Wuhua (Mianyang) 遮哩
Heyuan (Bendihua) 遮
Wengyuan 傘
Liannan 遮
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 遮
Jiexi 遮
Jiexi (Huizhai) 遮
Luhe 遮仔
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 雨傘
Nanjing (Meilin) 雨傘
Nanjing (Tianluokeng, Shuyang) 雨傘
Changting 傘
Longyan (Yongding) 雨傘
Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) 傘, 遮子
Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) 傘
Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) 雨傘
Wuping 傘
Wuping (Zhongshan) 遮
Wuping (Yanqian) 傘
Liancheng (Peitian) 傘
Liancheng (Juxi) 傘
Liancheng (Zhongbao) 傘
Liancheng (Laiyuan) 傘, 雨傘
Ninghua 傘
Ningdu 傘
Tonggu (Sandu) 遮
Ganzhou (Panlong) 傘
Dayu 傘
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 遮仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 遮仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 遮仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 遮
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 遮仔
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 雨傘
Hong Kong 遮
Yangxi (Tangkou) 遮
Yangchun (Sanjia) 雨遮
Xinyi (Sihe) 遮
Xinyi (Qianpai) 遮
Gaozhou (Xindong) 遮
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 遮
Huazhou (Xin'an) 雨遮
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 雨遮
Lianjiang (Qingping) 雨遮
Mengshan (Xihe) 雨遮
Luchuan 雨遮
Luchuan (Daqiao) 傘, 雨傘
Chengdu (Longtan) 傘
Chengdu (Shiling) 傘
Chengdu (Longwang) 傘
Chengdu (Shibantan) 傘
Sabah (Longchuan) 遮
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 遮仔
Senai (Huiyang) 遮
Kuching (Hepo) 遮
Singkawang 遮
Bangkok (Meixian) 遮仔
Bangkok (Fengshun) 遮
Huizhou Jixi 傘
Shexian 傘
Jin Taiyuan 傘, 傘兒
Yangyuan 傘
Datong 傘, 雨傘
Xinzhou 雨傘
Lüliang (Lishi) 傘兒, 雨傘兒
Changzhi 傘
Taibus (Baochang) 傘
Linhe 傘, 雨傘
Jining 雨傘, 布傘
Hohhot 傘, 雨傘
Baotou 雨傘
Dongsheng 傘
Haibowan 雨傘
Erenhot 雨傘
Pingshan 傘
Zhangjiakou 傘
Handan 傘
Linzhou 傘
Suide 傘
Northern Min Jian'ou 傘
Eastern Min Fuzhou 傘
Fuqing 傘
Matsu 傘
Southern Min Xiamen 傘, 雨傘
Quanzhou 傘, 雨傘
Zhangzhou 傘, 雨傘
Taipei (Wanhua) 雨傘
New Taipei (Tamsui) 雨傘
New Taipei (Pingxi) 雨傘
Kaohsiung 雨傘
Yilan 雨傘
Changhua (Lukang) 傘
Taichung 雨傘
Taichung (Wuqi) 傘
Tainan 雨傘, 雨笠
Tainan (Anping) 雨傘
Taitung 雨傘
Hsinchu 雨傘
Penghu (Magong) 傘
Penang (Hokkien) 雨傘
Singapore (Hokkien) 雨傘
Manila (Hokkien) 雨傘
Medan (Hokkien) 雨遮
Pingnan (Shangdu) 傘
Chaozhou 雨傘, 雨遮
Shantou 雨遮
Shantou (Chenghai) 雨遮
Jieyang 雨遮
Haifeng 雨傘
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 雨傘
Singapore (Teochew) 雨遮
Haikou 傘
Qionghai 傘
Singapore (Hainanese) 雨傘
Puxian Min Putian 傘
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 傘
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 傘
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 傘
Xianyou 傘
Xianyou (Fengting) 傘
Xianyou (Youyang) 傘
Central Min Yong'an 傘
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 遮
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 遮
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 傘
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 傘
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 傘
Wu Shanghai 傘
Shanghai (Chongming) 傘
Suzhou 傘
Danyang 傘
Hangzhou 傘
Ningbo 傘
Wenzhou 雨傘
Jinhua 雨傘
Xiang Changsha 傘, 開發子
Loudi 傘
Shuangfeng 傘
Quanzhou 傘
Xiangnan Tuhua Jiangyong 傘
Dong'an 傘

Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai
(extended)

仐

Print
standard

傘

Kanji

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傘

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
  • Kun: かさ (kasa, 傘, Jōyō)、からかさ (karakasa, 傘)

Compounds

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Etymology 1

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    Kanji in this term
    傘
    かさ
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi
    Alternative spelling
    笠
    傘 (kasa): an umbrella.
     傘 on Japanese Wikipedia

    From Old Japanese. Attested in a gloss of the Nihon Shoki (720) and Man'yōshū (759) in the ideographic spelling 笠.[1] In turn, from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *kasa (“rain hat”). Possibly related to 重なる (kasanaru, “to overlap, to be layered”, intransitive), 重ねる (kasaneru, “to overlap, to layer”, transitive),[1].

    The term originally refers to a bundle of reeds or sedges used as a rain hat.[1] Following the spread of folding umbrellas in the 900s after their introduction from Baekje or China, the sense gradually shifted to also mean "umbrella".

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    傘(かさ) • (kasa) 

    1. [from late 900s] a folding umbrella (cloth-covered frame used for protection against rain or sun)
      Synonyms: 洋傘 (yōgasa), 洋傘 (yōsan)
      傘(かさ)を差(さ)す、傘(かさ)を広(ひろ)げる、傘(かさ)をすぼめる、傘(かさ)を巻(ま)く
      kasa o sasu, kasa o hirogeru, kasa o subomeru, kasa o maku
      hold an umbrella, open an umbrella, close an umbrella, roll up an umbrella
      • 1999 February 20 [1994 December 15], Rumiko Takahashi, “ＰＡＲＴ(パート).６(ろく)　伝(でん)説(せつ)の相(あい)合(あい)ガサ [Part 6: The Legendary Coupling Umbrella]”, in らんま½ [Ranma ½], 9th edition, volume 31 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 87:
        そのカサに一(いっ)緒(しょ)にはいった二人(ふたり)は必(かなら)ず相(そう)思(し)相(そう)愛(あい)の仲(なか)になるんですって、だから伝(でん)説(せつ)の相(あい)合(あい)ガサ。
        Sono kasa ni issho ni haitta futari wa kanarazu sōshi sōai no naka ni naru n desu tte, da kara densetsu no aiaigasa.
        Legend has it that any two people who get under that umbrella together are bound to fall in love, and that’s why it's called the legendary coupling umbrella.
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    Etymology 2

    [edit]
      Kanji in this term
      傘
      からかさ
      Grade: S
      kun'yomi
      Alternative spelling
      唐傘
      傘 (karakasa): a traditional Japanese folding umbrella.

      Compound of 唐 (kara, “Chinese; foreign”) +‎ 傘 (kasa, “raingear”). First attested in the Utsubo Monogatari of the late 900s.[5]

      Folding umbrellas were originally introduced from overseas, likely either Baekje or China, and this term was coined to refer specifically to this style of raingear, as distinct from the traditional Japanese rain hat.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Noun

      [edit]

      傘(からかさ) • (karakasa) ←からかさ (karakasa)?

      1. [from late 900s] a folding umbrella, traditionally made of bamboo
        Synonyms: 差し傘 (sashigasa), 手傘 (tegasa), 和傘 (wagasa, more specific to the Japanese style)

      Etymology 3

      [edit]
        Kanji in this term
        傘
        さん
        Grade: S
        on'yomi

        From Middle Chinese 傘 (MC sanX). Not found in isolation.

        The eighty sense is from 仐, the ryakuji or "abbreviated character" form of this kanji, which looks like 八 (“eight”) on top of 十 (“ten”), equating to 八十 (hachijū, “eighty”).[7][8]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Affix

        [edit]

        傘(さん) • (san) 

        1. umbrella
        2. eighty
        Derived terms
        [edit]
        • 傘下 (sanka, “affiliated, subsidiary, under the aegis of”)
        • 鉄傘 (tessan, “an arched roof made with steel girders”)
        • 落下傘 (rakkasan, “parachute”)
        • 傘寿 (sanju, “eighty years old”)

        References

        [edit]
        1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Dai-ni-han Henshū I'inkai (日本国語大辞典第二版編集委員会) (2001-2002), 日本国語大辞典　第二版 [Unabridged Japanese Dictionary: Second Edition], Tokyo (東京都): Shōgakukan (小学館), →ISBN
        2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
        3. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
        4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
        5. ^ “傘”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
        6. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
        7. ^ “傘寿”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
        8. ^ “傘”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎[3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

        Korean

        [edit]

        Etymology

        [edit]

        From Middle Chinese 傘 (MC sanX). Recorded as Middle Korean 산〯 (sǎn) (Yale: san) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

        Hanja

        [edit]
        Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

        傘 (eumhun 우산 산 (usan san))

        1. hanja form? of 산 (“umbrella”)

        Compounds

        [edit]

        References

        [edit]
        • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [5]

        Vietnamese

        [edit]

        Han character

        [edit]

        傘: Hán Nôm readings: tản, tàn, tán

        1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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