傘

See also: 伞 and 仐

傘 U+5098, 傘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5098 ← 傗 [U+5097] CJK Unified Ideographs 備 → [U+5099]

Translingual

Han character

傘 (radical 9, 人+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人人人十 (OOOJ), four-corner 8040₈, composition ⿱人⿻十𠈌)

Derived characters

• 伞, 仐, 𦅮, 𬠮, 𠑋

References

• KangXi: page 113, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 966
• Dae Jaweon: page 241, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 198, character 13
• Unihan data for U+5098

---

Chinese

trad.		傘
simp.		伞
alternative forms		繖 𢄻 伞 𠋔 𠌂 繖 𢄻 伞 𠋔 𠌂 𠍘 𠎃 𡙘 𡙫 𦇕 仐

Glyph origin

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Pictogram (象形) – pictographic representation of an umbrella

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): sǎn (san³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄢˇ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic): сан (san, II)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saan³
• Gan (Wiktionary): san³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sán
• Jin (Wiktionary): san²
• Min Bei (KCR): sǔing
• Min Dong (BUC): sāng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): sòaⁿ / sàn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): suan³

• Wu (Wiktionary): se (T2)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): san³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: sǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄢˇ
    • Wade–Giles: san3
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: saan
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sǎn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sän²¹⁴/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic: сан (san, II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sæ̃⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: saan³
    • Yale: saan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saan³
    • Guangdong Romanization: san³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /säːn³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: san³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /san²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sán
    • Hakka Romanization System: san`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: san³
    • Sinological IPA: /san³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: san²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /sæ̃⁵³/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sǔing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suiŋ²¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saŋ³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sòaⁿ / sàn
    • Tâi-lô: suànn / sàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svoax, saxn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /suã²¹/, /san²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suã⁴¹/, /san⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /suã²¹/, /san²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /suã¹¹/, /san¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /suã²¹/, /san²¹/

Note:

• sòaⁿ - vernacular;
• sàn - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: suan³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suàⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sũã²¹³/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: se (T2)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /se̞³⁴/

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: san³
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /san⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /sɑn^X/

Rime
Character	傘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇旱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɑnX/
Pan Wuyun	/sɑnX/
Shao Rongfen	/sɑnX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sanX/
Li Rong	/sɑnX/
Wang Li	/sɑnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/sɑnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	saan2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤarʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*saːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	傘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ sanX ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ˁarʔ/
English	umbrella, parasol
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傘
Reading #	1/1
No.	10966
Phonetic component	傘
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	散
Old Chinese	/*saːnʔ/
Notes	已見秦簡說文作繖

Definitions

傘

1. umbrella; parasol

   雨傘 / 雨伞  ―  yǔsǎn  ―  umbrella

   陽傘 / 阳伞  ―  yángsǎn  ―  parasol

2. umbrella-like object
3. parachute

   跳傘 / 跳伞  ―  tiàosǎn  ―  parachute

   降落傘 / 降落伞  ―  jiàngluòsǎn  ―  parachute

   傘兵 / 伞兵  ―  sǎnbīng  ―  paratrooper; parachuter

4. A surname​: San

Synonyms

• (umbrella):

Dialectal synonyms of 傘 (“umbrella”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		傘
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		傘
Mandarin	Beijing	傘
	Taiwan	傘
	Tianjin	傘
	Ulanhot	傘
	Tongliao	傘
	Chifeng	傘
	Bayanhot	傘
	Hailar	傘
	Harbin	傘
	Shenyang	傘
	Muping	傘
	Jinan	傘
	Luoyang	傘
	Wanrong	傘
	Xi'an	傘
	Yinchuan	傘
	Lanzhou	傘
	Xining	傘
	Ürümqi	雨傘, 傘
	Wuhan	傘
	Chengdu	傘, 雨傘, 撐花兒
	Guiyang	傘
	Kunming	傘, 撐花
	Guilin	傘
	Liuzhou	傘
	Xuzhou	傘
	Yangzhou	傘
	Nanjing	傘
	Hefei	傘, 撐桿子
	Singapore	雨傘
Cantonese	Guangzhou	遮
	Hong Kong	遮
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	遮
	Macau	遮
	Panyu	遮
	Huadu (Huashan)	遮
	Conghua	遮
	Zengcheng	遮
	Foshan	遮
	Nanhai (Shatou)	遮
	Shunde	遮
	Sanshui	遮
	Gaoming (Mingcheng)	遮
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	遮
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	遮
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	遮
	Doumen	遮
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	遮
	Xinhui	遮
	Taishan	遮
	Kaiping (Chikan)	遮
	Enping (Niujiang)	遮
	Heshan (Yayao)	遮
	Dongguan	遮
	Bao'an (Shajing)	遮
	Shaoguan	遮
	Yunfu	遮
	Yangjiang	遮
	Xinyi	遮
	Lianjiang	遮
	Nanning	遮
	Wuzhou	遮
	Yulin	雨遮
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	遮
	Beihai	雨遮
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	雨遮
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	雨遮
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	雨遮
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	遮
	Singapore (Guangfu)	遮
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	遮
	Móng Cái	雨遮
Gan	Nanchang	傘
	Lichuan	傘
	Pingxiang	傘
	Pengze	傘
Hakka	Meixian	遮仔
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	遮
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	雨遮
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	遮
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	遮
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	遮
	Liannan	遮
	Conghua (Lütian)	遮
	Jiexi	遮
	Changting	傘
	Wuping	傘
	Ninghua	傘
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	遮仔
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	遮仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	遮仔
	Dongshi (Dabu)	遮
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	遮仔
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	雨傘
	Hong Kong	遮
	Luchuan	雨遮
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	傘, 雨傘
	Sabah (Longchuan)	遮
	Senai (Huiyang)	遮
	Singkawang	遮
Huizhou	Jixi	傘
Jin	Taiyuan	傘, 傘兒
	Taibus (Baochang)	傘
	Linhe	傘
	Jining	雨傘
	Hohhot	雨傘
	Baotou	雨傘
	Dongsheng	傘
	Haibowan	雨傘
Min Bei	Jian'ou	傘
Min Dong	Fuzhou	傘
	Fuqing	傘
	Matsu	傘
Min Nan	Xiamen	傘, 雨傘
	Quanzhou	傘, 雨傘
	Zhangzhou	傘, 雨傘
	Taipei	雨傘
	Kaohsiung	雨傘
	Yilan	雨傘
	Changhua (Lukang)	傘
	Taichung	雨傘
	Taichung (Wuqi)	傘
	Tainan	雨笠
	Taitung	雨傘
	Hsinchu	雨傘
	Penghu (Magong)	傘
	Penang (Hokkien)	雨傘
	Singapore (Hokkien)	雨傘
	Manila (Hokkien)	雨傘
	Medan (Hokkien)	雨遮
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	傘
	Chaozhou	雨傘, 雨遮
	Shantou	雨遮
	Chenghai	雨遮
	Jieyang	雨遮
	Haifeng	雨傘
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	雨傘
	Singapore (Teochew)	雨遮
	Haikou	傘
	Qionghai	傘
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	傘
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	傘
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	傘
Wu	Shanghai	傘
	Chongming	傘
	Suzhou	傘
	Hangzhou	傘
	Danyang	傘
	Ningbo	傘
	Wenzhou	雨傘
	Jinhua	雨傘
Xiang	Changsha	傘, 開發子
	Shuangfeng	傘
	Loudi	傘
	Quanzhou	傘

Compounds

• 三簷傘／三檐伞
• 傘兵／伞兵 (sǎnbīng)
• 傘兵部隊／伞兵部队
• 傘包／伞包
• 傘形／伞形
• 和尚打傘／和尚打伞
• 導傘／导伞
• 打傘／打伞 (dǎsǎn)
• 拖曳傘／拖曳伞
• 撐傘／撑伞
• 旱傘／旱伞 (hànsǎn)

• 核傘／核伞
• 油紙傘／油纸伞
• 洋傘／洋伞
• 游湖借傘／游湖借伞
• 火傘／火伞
• 火傘高張／火伞高张
• 燈傘／灯伞
• 禿子打傘／秃子打伞
• 紙傘／纸伞
• 網傘菌／网伞菌
• 菌傘／菌伞

• 萬民傘／万民伞
• 藍傘／蓝伞
• 跳傘／跳伞 (tiàosǎn)
• 跳傘塔／跳伞塔
• 降落傘／降落伞 (jiàngluòsǎn)
• 陽傘／阳伞 (yángsǎn)
• 雨傘／雨伞 (yǔsǎn)
• 雨傘節／雨伞节 (yǔsǎnjié)
• 飛行傘／飞行伞
• 高空跳傘／高空跳伞 (gāokōng tiàosǎn)

---

Japanese

Kanji

傘

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
• Kun: かさ (kasa, 傘, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 傘屋
• 傘下
• 傘形碍子
• 傘紙
• 傘歯車
• 傘寿
• 傘地
• 傘伐林

Alternative forms

Kanji in this term
傘
かさ Grade: S
kun’yomi

• 笠, 暈

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) か​さ [káꜜsà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠sa̠]

• Homophones: 毬, 梂, 過差

Noun

傘(かさ) • (kasa)  (counter 本)

1. umbrella (cloth-covered frame used for protection against rain or sun)

   傘(かさ)を差(さ)す

   kasa o sasu

   hold an umbrella

   傘(かさ)を広(ひろ)げる

   kasa o hirogeru

   open an umbrella

   傘(かさ)をすぼめる

   kasa o subomeru

   close an umbrella

   傘(かさ)を巻(ま)く

   kasa o maku

   roll up an umbrella

   • 1999 February 20 [Dec 15 1994], Takahashi, Rumiko, “ＰＡＲＴ(パート).６(ろく)　伝(でん)説(せつ)の相(あい)合(あい)ガサ [Part 6: The Legendary Coupling Umbrella]”, in らんま½ [Ranma ½], volume 31 (fiction), 9th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 87:

     そのカサに一(いっ)緒(しょ)にはいった二人(ふたり)は必(かなら)ず相(そう)思(し)相(そう)愛(あい)の仲(なか)になるんですって、だから伝(でん)説(せつ)の相(あい)合(あい)ガサ。

     Sono kasa ni issho ni haitta futari wa kanarazu sōshisōai no naka ni narun desutte, dakara densetsu no aiaigasa.

     Legend has it as long as two people are under that umbrella together, they’re always in love, and that’s the legendary coupling umbrella.

2. bell; umbrella (of a jellyfish)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 雨(あま)傘(がさ) (amagasa, “umbrella”)
• 傘(かさ)持(も)ち (kasamochi, “umbrella carrier”)
• 傘(かさ)立(た)て (kasatate, “umbrella stand”)
• 蝙(こう)蝠(もり)傘(がさ) (kōmorigasa, “umbrella”)
• 日(ひ)傘(がさ) (higasa, “parasol”)

---

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 傘 (MC sɑn^X). Recorded as Middle Korean 산〯 (Yale: san) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

傘 (eumhun 우산 산 (usan san))

1. Hanja form^? of 산 (“umbrella”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 산하 (傘下, sanha)
• 균산 (菌傘, gyunsan)
• 우산 (雨傘, usan)
• 양산 (陽傘, yangsan)
• 일산 (日傘, ilsan)
• 산벌 (傘伐, sanbeol)
• 산수 (傘壽, sansu)
• 낙하산 (落下傘, nakhasan)
• 핵우산 (核雨傘, haegusan)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

---

Vietnamese

Han character

傘: Hán Nôm readings: tản, tàn, tán

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.