十

See also: 拾

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Etymology

The idea of the strokes that make up 十 is one of compression into a single unit. Thus, 十 acquires the meaning of ten because it is a major unit used in counting.

Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Han character

十 (radical 24 十+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 十 (J), four-corner 4000₀)

1. ten, tenth
2. complete
3. perfect
4. KangXi radical 十

References

• KangXi: page 155, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2695
• Dae Jaweon: page 348, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 58, character 9
• Unihan data for U+5341

See also

• (Chinese written numbers): 〇  一  二  三  四  五  六  七  八  九  十
• (Chinese financial form): 拾
• (Powers of ten): 百

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Cantonese

Hanzi

十 (Jyutping sap6, Yale sap6)

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Hakka

Hanzi

十 (POJ shi̍p, Guangdong ship⁸ [Meixian], s'ip⁸ [Hailu], Hagfa Pinyim sib6)

References

• CCDICT (Chineselanguage.org)
• Academia Sinica - Hakka-English Dictionary
• Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) ISBN 962-201-750-9.

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Japanese

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Number

Japanese cardinal numbers

<  9	10	11  >
Cardinal : 十

十 (じゅう, jū)

十 (とお, tō)

十 (と, to)

1. ten

Etymology 1

/so1/: [so].

Noun

十 (hiragana そ, romaji so)

1. ten; used in compounds

Compounds

• 十六夜 (いざよい, izayoi): the sixteenth night of every month
• 三十日 (misoka)
• 三十路 (misoji)
• 四十 (yoso)

Etymology 2

/to2/: [tə] > [to].

Noun

十 (hiragana と, romaji to)

1. ten

Etymology 3

/to2wo/: [təwo] > [towo] > [too] > [toː].

Noun

十 (hiragana とお, historical hiragana とを, romaji tō)

1. ten

Kanji

十

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: じゅう (jū) < じふ (jifu), じっ (ji[p/t/k/s]) (before /p, t, k, s/)
• Kan’on: しゅう (shū) < しふ (shifu) (non-Jōyō reading)
• Kan’yōon: じゅっ (ju[p/t/k/s]) (before /p, t, k, s/)
• Kun: とお (tō) < とを (towo), と (to)
• Nanori: い (i), か (ka), ぎ (gi), さ (sa), し (shi), そ (so), そう (sō), ち (chi), とう (tō), ね (ne), ま (ma), る (ru), わ (wa)

Compounds

• 十雨 (jūu)
• 十戒, 十誡 (jikkai): the Ten Commandments
• 十月 (jūgatsu)
• 十姉妹 (jūshimatsu)
• 十字 (jūji)
• 十手 (jitte): martial arts truncheon
• 十種競技 (jisshu kyōgi): decathlon
• 十進法 (jisshinhō): decimal system
• 十人並 (jūninnami)
• 十全 (jūzen)
• 十哲 (jittetsu)
• 十能 (jūnō): small fire shovel
• 十把一絡 (jippa hitokarage)
• 十部門分類法 (jūbumon bunruihō)
• 十分 (jūbun)
• 十万億土 (jūman'okudo)
• 十目 (jūmoku)
• 十薬 (jūyaku)
• 十露盤 (soroban)

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Korean

Hanja

十 (sip)
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 십 (revised: sip, McCune-Reischauer: ship, Yale: sip)

• Name (hangeul): 열 (revised: yeol, McCune-Reischauer: yŏl, Yale: yel)

1. (열 십, yeol sip): ten, ten times.
   • 天九地十 (易經)

Compounds

• 十字 (십자, sipja) the character "十" or its shape, hence, cross, chi, X, +, etc.
• 十中八九 (십중팔구, sipjung-palgu) eight or nine out of ten.
• 十干 (십간)
• 十二支 (십이지)

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 十

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Mandarin

Etymology

From Middle Chinese *dzyip, from Old Chinese *gyip, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-t^sip (compare Classical Tibetan bchu)

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Hanzi

十 (Pinyin shí (shi2), Wade-Giles shih²)

Compounds

• 十进分类法 (十進分類法)
• 十年河东，十年河西 (十年河東，十年河西)
• 十全大补汤 (十全大補湯)
• 十万八千里 (十萬八千里)
• 十字军东征 (十字軍東征)

Numeral

十 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin shí)

1. ten

Synonyms

• Banker's numerals : 拾, 什

See also

• Chinese number : 零/〇,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,九,十,百,千

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Middle Chinese

Han character

十 (*zhip)

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Min Nan

Hanzi

十 (TLPA si̍p (sip⁸), tsa̍p (tsap⁸), Guangdong sip⁸, zap⁸)

References

• Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Vietnamese

Han character

十

Readings

• âm: thập
• nghĩa (literal meaning): mười

Number

十

1. Han form of mười (ten)

Compounds

• thập ác (a cross)
• thập niên (a decade)

References

• Nôm Foundation
• Viet Dictionary

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Wu

Pronunciation

Latin Alphabet: suoˇ

Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄙㄨㄛˇ