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U+76F4, 直
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76F4

[U+76F3]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+76F5]

U+FAA8, 直
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAA8

[U+FAA7]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FAA9]
直 U+2F940, 直
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F940
䀈
[U+2F93F]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𥃳
[U+2F941]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
(Chinese)
Stroke order
(Japan)
Stroke order (Japan)
8 strokes

Alternative forms[edit]

Note the different forms, which differ in two respects: both Simplified and Traditional do not have a left vertical stroke, while the orthodox form has a left vertical stroke; and in simplified form, the top component is connected with the bottom, while in the orthodox they are separated – this last difference is shared with unrelated characters and . The older form and stroke order are officially used in Japan and South Korea but an alternative writing in other countries.

Han character[edit]

Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean

(Kangxi radical 109, +3, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十月一一 (JBMM), four-corner 40716, composition 𠀃(GH) or 𠂇𠀃(TV) or 𠂇𠃊(JK))

Derived characters[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 800, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23136
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1215, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 61, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+76F4

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp. 𰅰
alternative forms ⿱十且 1981

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Oracle bone script: Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (eye) + (vertical stroke) – vertical stroke above the eye; looking straight ahead.

The line on the side appears in bronze script and subsequently stretched under the 目 shape, while the traditional form appears in seal script.

Etymology[edit]

"simply; only"
According to Schuessler (2007), cognate with (OC *dɯːɡ, “single”). Also compare Darmiya taku (one).
"straight; right"
According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tjak/ŋ ~ tik/ŋ (good; very; real; straight), which also includes (OC *tjeŋ, “first (lunar month)”), (OC *tjeŋs, “straight; correct”), (OC *tjeŋs, “government; rule”) and (OC *ɦliɡ, “solid; true”). Cognates include Tibetan ཏིག་ཏིག (tig tig, certainly), Mizo dik (correct), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *N-d(y)ak (truly; very; intensitive). An allofam is probably (OC *tɯːɡ, “virtue”) (Schuessler, 2007).
“heterosexual”
Semantic loan from English straight.

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou:
    • ti̍t - vernacular;
    • tia̍k/te̍k - literary.
  • (Teochew)
  • Note:
    • dig8 - Chaozhou and Shantou;
    • dêg8 - Jieyang.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
    Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/
    Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴²/
    Qingdao /tʃz̩⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴²/
    Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Xining /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/
    Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵³/
    Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡sz̩²¹³/
    Chengdu /t͡sz̩³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡sz̩²¹/
    Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³¹/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩ʔ⁵/
    Hefei /ʈ͡ʂəʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡səʔ⁵⁴/
    Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /t͡səʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /zəʔ¹/
    Suzhou /zəʔ³/
    Hangzhou /d͡zəʔ²/
    Wenzhou /d͡zei²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi²²/
    Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɨʔ²/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰət̚⁵/
    Taoyuan /tʃʰït̚⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sek̚²/
    Nanning /t͡sek̚²²/
    Hong Kong /t͡sɐk̚²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tik̚⁵/
    /tit̚⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tiʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tɛ⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /tik̚⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdit̚³/
    /t͡sek̚⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (11)
    Final () (134)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter drik
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɖɨk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɖɨk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ȡiek̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɖik̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /ȡiək̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /ȡĭək̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ȡʱi̯ək̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    zhí
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    zik6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    zhí
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ drik ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*N-t<r>ək/
    English straight

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 17269
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*dɯɡ/
    Notes

    Definitions[edit]

    1. straight; linear; undeviating
      线  ―  zhíxiàn  ―  straight line
      Antonyms: (wān), 彎曲弯曲 (wānqū), (Cantonese) (luán)
    2. to straighten
    3. vertical; upright; erect
    4. honest; fair
    5. straightforward; forthright; frank
    6. directly; straight
        ―  zhí  ―  to go directly to
    7. intentionally; deliberately
    8. only; just
      Synonym: (zhǐ)
    9. (Chinese calligraphy) vertical stroke in Chinese characters
    10. Alternative form of (to be worth)
    11. constantly
    12. (slang) straight; heterosexual
        ―  zhínán  ―  heterosexual man
      Antonym: (wān), (Cantonese) (luán)
    13. (historical) Short for 直隸直隶 (Zhílì, “Zhili”).
      軍閥军阀  ―  Zhí xì jūnfá  ―  the Zhili faction (of the Beiyang warlords)
    14. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • Old Turkic: tik (vertical, straight, straightforward)
      • Oghuz: دیك
        • Azerbaijani: dik
        • Turkish: dik
        • Turkmen: dik
          • Turkmen: dikan (honest, straight, direct)

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. straight

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    じき
    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    Adjective[edit]

    (じき) (jikiぢき (diki)?-na (adnominal (じき) (jiki na), adverbial (じき) (jiki ni))

    1. soon, shortly
    2. nearby, close

    Inflection[edit]

    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    じか
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    Sound change from jiki.[1]

    This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

    Prefix[edit]

    (じか) (jika-

    1. directly
      Synonym: 直接 (chokusetsu)

    Related terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    なお
    [adjective] common, ordinary, straight
    [adverb] normally, usually
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    ちょく
    Grade: 2
    kan’on

    Adjective[edit]

    (ちょく) (choku-tari (adnominal (ちょく)とした (choku to shita) or (ちょく)たる (choku taru), adverbial (ちょく) (choku to) or (ちょく)として (choku to shite))

    1. direct, straight, frank

    Adjective[edit]

    (ちょく) (choku-na (adnominal (ちょく) (choku na), adverbial (ちょく) (choku ni))

    1. sincere, straightforward, proper, frank
    2. simple, not extravagant, not expensive, less formal
      Synonyms: 安直 (anchoku), 手軽 (tegaru), 安価 (anka)

    Verb[edit]

    (ちょく)する (choku surusuru (stem (ちょく) (choku shi), past (ちょく)した (choku shita))

    1. to do one's duty, be on duty
    Conjugation[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun 곧을 (godeul jik))

    1. Hanja form? of (straight).

    Miyako[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: trực

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Yaeyama[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Yonaguni[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)