里
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
Stroke order | |||
Hong Kong, Taiwan![]() |
Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order (Taiwan) | |||
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里 (Kangxi radical 166, 里+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田土 (WG), four-corner 60104, composition ⿱田土)
- Kangxi radical #166, ⾥.
Derived characters[edit]
- Appendix:Chinese radical/里
- 俚, 𠗔, 哩, 埋, 娌, 𢃇, 悝, 捚, 浬, 狸(貍), 䧉, 𩧹, 𨓦, 梩, 𭮔, 𤖃, 理(理), 𥚃, 瓼, 𭻕, 𥆼, 𥓄, 裡(裏), 粴, 䋥, 𦎐, 𦓵, 𦕸, 艃, 𧋎, 𧻲, 𨁫, 鋰(锂), 𪱁, 𩳓, 𭧰, 鯉(鲤)
- 𨛋, 𥆤, 𮭧, 𫙣, 𭴬, 黒, 𧚣, 𠫶, 𪜽, 𫭬, 荲, 童, 𠹈, 𩭇, 𨴻, 𪟯, 厘, 㢆, 㾖, 廛, 黙
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1291, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40131
- Dae Jaweon: page 1791, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3680, character 1
- Unihan data for U+91CC
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 里 | |
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Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意): 田 (“field”) + 土 (“soil; earth”) – a measure of land and fields; mile; place.
Etymology 1[edit]
simp. and trad. |
里 |
---|
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g-wa (“village”) (STEDT). Cognate with 丘 (OC *kʰʷɯ) "hill, mound" & 街 (OC *kreː, *kreː) "road crossing, street"; outsides Sinitic, cognate with Mizo khua (“village”), Lai khûa (“village, cosmos”), Burmese ရွာ (rwa, “village”); Schuessler (2007) also proposes cognacy with Tibetan ར་བ (ra ba, “fence, enclosure, wall, pen”) by pointing to a semantic parallel between English town and German Zaun (“fence”).
Alternatively, possibly related to 理 (lǐ) "to divide into equal sections", yet Schuessler also noted that early Chinese villages were not systematically planned and platted.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
里
- li (a unit of distance equal to half a kilometre in modern Mainland China)
- 公里 ― gōnglǐ ― kilometre
- neighbourhood (formal or informal grouping of adjacent dwellings; the size vary according to different historical sources)
- urban village (an administrative unit in the Republic of China)
- village (an administrative unit in South Korea and North Korea)
- lane (a type of road in Hong Kong)
- a surname
Descendants[edit]
Others:
- English: li
Compounds[edit]
- 一日千里 (yīrì qiānlǐ)
- 一瀉千里/一泻千里 (yīxièqiānlǐ)
- 一舉千里/一举千里
- 七里 (Qīlǐ)
- 七里坪 (Qīlǐpíng)
- 七里塔 (Qīlǐtǎ)
- 七里塘 (Qīlǐtáng)
- 七里岩 (Qīlǐyán)
- 七里香 (qīlǐxiāng)
- 三十里堡 (Sānshílǐpù)
- 下城里
- 下里 (xiàlǐ)
- 三里 (Sānlǐ)
- 三里崗/三里岗
- 下里巴人 (xiàlǐbārén)
- 不遠千里/不远千里 (bùyuǎnqiānlǐ)
- 不遠萬里/不远万里 (bùyuǎnwànlǐ)
- 九里 (Jiǔlǐ)
- 五里 (Wǔlǐ)
- 五里鋪/五里铺 (Wǔlǐpù, “Wulipu”)
- 五里霧/五里雾
- 伊里其 (Yīlǐqí)
- 佳里 (Jiālǐ)
- 俄里 (élǐ, “verst”)
- 傻里傻氣/傻里傻气 (shǎlishǎqì)
- 克里姆林宮/克里姆林宫 (Kèlǐmǔlín gōng)
- 克里陽/克里阳 (Kèlǐyáng)
- 克里雅 (Kèlǐyǎ)
- 八里 (Bālǐ)
- 公里 (gōnglǐ)
- 六里坪 (Liùlǐpíng)
- 六里沖/六里冲 (Liùlǐchōng)
- 前程萬里/前程万里
- 劈里啪啦
- 加利波里
- 加里曼丹 (Jiālǐmàndān)
- 勒里勒得
- 勿里洞島/勿里洞岛
- 北里
- 十里 (Shílǐ)
- 十里堡 (Shílǐpù)
- 十里洋場/十里洋场 (shílǐyángchǎng)
- 十里鋪/十里铺 (Shílǐpù)
- 十里長亭/十里长亭
- 千里 (qiānlǐ)
- 千里一曲
- 千里命駕/千里命驾
- 千里猶面/千里犹面
- 千里眼 (qiānlǐyǎn)
- 千里移檄
- 千里足
- 千里迢迢 (qiānlǐtiáotiáo)
- 千里迢遙/千里迢遥
- 千里達/千里达 (Qiānlǐdá)
- 千里鏡/千里镜 (qiānlǐjìng)
- 千里馬/千里马 (qiānlǐmǎ)
- 千里駒/千里驹
- 千里鵝毛/千里鹅毛
- 卡路里 (kǎlùlǐ)
- 可可西里 (Kěkěxīlǐ)
- 后里 (Hòulǐ)
- 后里 (Hòulǐ)
- 吉里巴斯 (Jílǐbāsī)
- 咫尺千里
- 咫尺萬里/咫尺万里
- 四里棚 (Sìlǐpéng)
- 圖格里克/图格里克 (túgélǐkè)
- 地里
- 坨里
- 埔里 (Pǔlǐ)
- 塔里木 (Tǎlǐmù)
- 塔里木河 (Tǎlǐmù Hé)
- 墟里 (xūlǐ)
- 大里 (Dàlǐ)
- 太麻里 (Tàimálǐ)
- 密蘇里州/密苏里州
- 密蘇里河/密苏里河
- 富里 (Fùlǐ)
- 封侯萬里/封侯万里
- 尤里西斯
- 尺寸千里
- 尺幅千里
- 居里 (jūlǐ)
- 州里
- 巴人下里
- 巴里島/巴里岛
- 布里亞族/布里亚族
- 布里斯托 (Bùlǐsītuō)
- 平康里
- 平方公里 (píngfāng gōnglǐ)
- 庫里爾臺/库里尔台
- 德里 (Délǐ)
- 志在千里
- 懸旌萬里/悬旌万里
- 戚里
- 掛冠歸里/挂冠归里
- 推輦歸里/推辇归里
- 故里 (gùlǐ)
- 斯里蘭卡/斯里兰卡 (Sīlǐlánkǎ)
- 斯里賈亞瓦德納普拉科特/斯里贾亚瓦德纳普拉科特 (Sīlǐ Jiǎyàwǎdénàpǔlā Kētè)
- 新德里 (Xīn Délǐ)
- 方里
- 旋里
- 日行千里 (rì xíng qiānlǐ)
- 明見萬里/明见万里
- 明鑒萬里/明鉴万里
- 晴空萬里/晴空万里 (qíngkōngwànlǐ)
- 村里
- 格里曆/格里历 (Gélǐlì)
- 梓里
- 模里西斯 (Mólǐxīsī)
- 歇斯底里 (xiēsīdǐlǐ)
- 毛里塔尼亞/毛里塔尼亚 (Máolǐtǎníyà)
- 毛里求斯 (Máolǐqiúsī)
- 毫釐千里
- 水里 (Shuǐlǐ)
- 決勝千里/决胜千里
- 沒地里/没地里
- 決策千里/决策千里
- 沃野千里
- 流血千里
- 海里 (hǎilǐ)
- 滿洲里/满洲里 (Mǎnzhōulǐ)
- 滴里嘟嚕/滴里嘟噜
- 滴里搭拉
- 烏孜別里/乌孜别里 (Wūzībiélǐ)
- 烏蘇里江/乌苏里江 (Wūsūlǐ Jiāng)
- 牖里
- 玉里 (Yùlǐ)
- 珂里
- 甪里 (Lùlǐ)
- 田里 (tiánlǐ)
- 百里 (bǎilǐ)
- 百里之才
- 百里侯
- 百里洲 (Bǎilǐzhōu)
- 百里香 (bǎilǐxiāng)
- 的黎波里 (Dīlíbōlǐ)
- 相去萬里/相去万里
- 萬里/万里 (wànlǐ)
- 萬里之望/万里之望
- 萬里侯/万里侯
- 萬里同風/万里同风
- 萬里封侯/万里封侯
- 萬里江山/万里江山
- 萬里迢迢/万里迢迢
- 萬里長城/万里长城 (Wànlǐ Chángchéng)
- 萬里鵬程/万里鹏程
- 萬里鵬翼/万里鹏翼
- 稀里嘩啦/稀里哗啦 (xīlǐhuālā)
- 稀里打哄
- 精奇里江 (Jīngqílǐ Jiāng)
- 糊里糊塗/糊里糊涂
- 羑里
- 舉目千里/举目千里
- 舳艫千里/舳舻千里
- 英買里/英买里 (Yīngmǎilǐ)
- 英里 (yīnglǐ, “mile”)
- 草里 (Cǎolǐ)
- 蒿里
- 街里街坊
- 西西里島/西西里岛 (Xīxīlǐ Dǎo)
- 角里
- 謬以千里/谬以千里
- 豪釐千里
- 貝里拉/贝里拉
- 貝里斯/贝里斯 (Bèilǐsī)
- 負笈千里/负笈千里
- 賽里木/赛里木 (Sàilǐmù)
- 赤地千里
- 跋涉千里 (báshèqiānlǐ)
- 跛鱉千里/跛鳖千里 (bǒbiēqiānlǐ)
- 跬步千里
- 蹀里蹀斜
- 軸艫千里/轴舻千里
- 轉戰千里/转战千里
- 轉鬥千里/转斗千里
- 返里
- 迢迢千里
- 運籌千里/运筹千里
- 道里
- 達里雅布依/达里雅布依 (Dálǐyǎ Bùyī)
- 邑里
- 鄉里/乡里 (xiānglǐ)
- 鄉里小人/乡里小人
- 鄰里/邻里 (línlǐ)
- 鄰里鄉黨/邻里乡党
- 里人
- 里仁為美/里仁为美
- 里君
- 里宰
- 里居
- 里巷 (lǐxiàng)
- 里幹事/里干事
- 里拉 (lǐlā)
- 里斯本 (Lǐsīběn)
- 里昂 (Lǐ'áng)
- 里正 (lǐzhèng)
- 里民
- 里民大會/里民大会
- 里港 (Lǐgǎng)
- 里爾/里尔 (Lǐ'ěr)
- 里社
- 里程 (lǐchéng)
- 里程碑 (lǐchéngbēi)
- 里老
- 里耳
- 里肌 (lǐjī)
- 里胥
- 里舍
- 里語/里语
- 里談巷議/里谈巷议
- 里諺/里谚
- 里豪
- 里長/里长 (lǐzhǎng)
- 里門/里门
- 里閈/里闬
- 里閭/里闾
- 里黨/里党
- 鐵干里克/铁干里克 (Tiěgānlǐkè)
- 鐵木里克/铁木里克 (Tiěmùlǐkè)
- 長里崗/长里岗
- 長風萬里/长风万里
- 閭里/闾里 (lǘlǐ)
- 闕里/阙里
- 阿里 (Ālǐ)
- 阿里山 (Ālǐshān)
- 阿里郎 (Ālǐláng)
- 離題萬里/离题万里 (lítíwànlǐ)
- 霍里
- 香格里拉 (Xiānggélǐlā)
- 馬德里/马德里 (Mǎdélǐ)
- 馬里布/马里布 (Mǎlǐbù)
- 馬里蘭/马里兰 (Mǎlǐlán)
- 騰格里湖/腾格里湖
- 鵬程萬里/鹏程万里 (péngchéngwànlǐ)
Etymology 2[edit]
simp. and trad. |
里 |
---|
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
里
- (Xiang) Particle indicating the word preceding it is used as an adverb.
Synonyms[edit]
- (chiefly Mandarin) 地 (de)
Etymology 3[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 里 – see 裡 (“in; inside; during; within; etc.”). (This character, 里, is the simplified form of 裡.) |
Notes:
|
References[edit]
- “里”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
- Kun: さと (sato, 里, Jōyō); みちのり (michinori, 里)
- Nanori: か (ka); さ (sa); さとし (satoshi); と (to); のり (nori)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
里 |
さと Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
⟨sato1⟩ → */satʷo/ → /sato/
From Old Japanese.[1]
Ultimately derivation unknown.
Alternative forms[edit]
- (village, hometown): 郷
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a village
- a country house
- one's hometown
- the country, countryside
- the original home of a household member (such as a wife, adoptee, or other person who has joined the household from outside)
- a separate home or boarding situation to which one's own children are sent for upbringing or education
- a red-light district
- Synonym: 遊里 (yūri)
- one's birth, parentage, origins
- (slang, red-light district) boorishness, hickishness
- the lay world (as opposed to life within a temple)
- (uncommon, historical, obsolete) Same as り (ri) below
Derived terms[edit]
Adjective[edit]
里 • (sato) -na (adnominal 里な (sato na), adverbial 里に (sato ni))
Inflection[edit]
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 里だろ | さとだろ | sato daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 里で | さとで | sato de |
Terminal (終止形) | 里だ | さとだ | sato da |
Attributive (連体形) | 里な | さとな | sato na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 里なら | さとなら | sato nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 里であれ | さとであれ | sato de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 里ではない 里じゃない |
さとではない さとじゃない |
sato de wa nai sato ja nai |
Informal past | 里だった | さとだった | sato datta |
Informal negative past | 里ではなかった 里じゃなかった |
さとではなかった さとじゃなかった |
sato de wa nakatta sato ja nakatta |
Formal | 里です | さとです | sato desu |
Formal negative | 里ではありません 里じゃありません |
さとではありません さとじゃありません |
sato de wa arimasen sato ja arimasen |
Formal past | 里でした | さとでした | sato deshita |
Formal negative past | 里ではありませんでした 里じゃありませんでした |
さとではありませんでした さとじゃありませんでした |
sato de wa arimasen deshita sato ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 里で | さとで | sato de |
Conditional | 里なら(ば) | さとなら(ば) | sato nara (ba) |
Provisional | 里だったら | さとだったら | sato dattara |
Volitional | 里だろう | さとだろう | sato darō |
Adverbial | 里に | さとに | sato ni |
Degree | 里さ | さとさ | satosa |
Proper noun[edit]
- a placename
- a surname
- a female given name
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
里 |
り Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 里 (MC liX).
Compare modern Chinese 里 (lǐ).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a unit of distance:
- under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, defined as equal to 300 歩 (bu) or 1500 尺 (shaku)
- from the early modern until the end of the Edo period, defined as equal to 36 町 (chō), approximately between 3.6 to 4.2 kilometers
- from the mid-Meiji period, defined as equal to 129,600⁄33 meters, approximately 3.927 kilometers or 2.44 miles
- (historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a unit of area for regional administration, equal to 50 戸 (ko, “houses”)
Derived terms[edit]
- 英里 (eiri, “mile”)
- 海里 (kairi, “nautical mile”)
Affix[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Various nanori readings.
Proper noun[edit]
- a male given name
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
里 (eumhun 마을 리 (ma'eul ri), South Korea 마을 이 (ma'eul i))
Compounds[edit]
- 이장 (里長, ijang, “head of a (typically rural) village”)
- 천리마 (千里馬, cheollima, “Chollima, thousand-li horse”)
Old Japanese[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Unknown.
Noun[edit]
里 (sato1) (kana さと)
- a village
- 711–712, Kojiki (Second scroll, Emperor Suinin)
- 於是、圓野比賣慚言「同兄弟之中、以姿醜被還之事、聞於隣里、是甚慚。」而、到山代國之相樂時、取懸樹枝而欲死、故號其地謂懸木、今云相樂。
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 15, poem 3782)
- 安麻其毛理毛能母布等伎爾保等登芸須和我須武佐刀爾伎那伎等余母須
- amago2mori mo2no2'mopu to2ki1 ni poto2to2gi1su waga sumu sato1 ni ki1naki1to2yo2mosu
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 711–712, Kojiki (Second scroll, Emperor Suinin)
- under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system:
- one's home of birth
- one's hometown
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Japanese: 里 (さと, sato)
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
里: Hán Việt readings: lý[1][2], lí[3]
里: Nôm readings: lý[2][4], lái[1], rưới[1], trẻ[1], lia[2], lí[3], lịa[3]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
References[edit]
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- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 里
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese slang
- Japanese terms with uncommon senses
- Japanese terms with historical senses
- Japanese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese な-na adjectives
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese surnames
- Japanese given names
- Japanese female given names
- Japanese terms spelled with 里 read as り
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese male given names
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Old Japanese terms with unknown etymologies
- Old Japanese lemmas
- Old Japanese nouns
- Old Japanese terms with usage examples
- Vietnamese Han tu
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Nom
- CJKV radicals
- CJKV simplified characters which already existed as traditional characters