里

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See also: 裏, 裡, 黒, and 浬

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
里-order.gif
Traditional 裡
Shinjitai 裏
Simplified 里

Etymology[edit]

Historical forms of the character 里
Small seal script
里-seal.svg

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 土 (potter's clay/earth) + 田 (field); meaning a measure of land (土) and fields (田), literally "place" or "mile"

Han character[edit]

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See images of
Radical 166 里

里 (radical 166 里+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田土 (WG), four-corner 60104)

  1. Kangxi radical #166, ⾥ ‎(“village”).

Derived characters[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1291, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40131
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1791, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3680, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+91CC

Chinese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 里

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 里
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 良士切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /lɨX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /lɨX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /lieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lɨX/
Li
Rong		 /liəX/
Wang
Li		 /lĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /liX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 lǐ
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 里
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 lǐ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ liX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*(mə.)rəʔ/
English li (measure of distance); village

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 里
Reading # 1/1
No. 7826
Phonetic
component		 里
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 里
Old
Chinese		 /*rɯʔ/

Definitions[edit]

里

  1. li (a unit of distance equal to half a kilometre in modern China)
    公里  ―  gōnglǐ  ―  kilometre
  2. village (an administrative unit in the Republic of China)
  3. lane (a type of road in Hong Kong)
  4. A surname​.
Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 里 – see 裡 (“inside”).
(This character, 里, is the simplified form of 裡.)
Notes:

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

See also:
里

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
里
さと
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.[1] Ultimately derivation unknown.

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Adjective[edit]

里 ‎(-na inflection, hiragana さと, romaji sato)

  1. (slang, red-light district) boorish, hickish
Conjugation[edit]
Inflection of "里な"
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 里だろ さとだろ sato daro
Continuative (連用形) 里で さとで sato de
Terminal (終止形) 里だ さとだ sato da
Attributive (連体形) 里な さとな sato na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 里なら さとなら sato nara
Imperative (命令形) 里であれ さとであれ sato de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 里ではない
里じゃない		 さとではない
さとじゃない		 sato de wa nai
sato ja nai
Informal past 里だった さとだった sato datta
Informal negative past 里ではなかった
里じゃなかった		 さとではなかった
さとじゃなかった		 sato de wa nakatta
sato ja nakatta
Formal 里です さとです sato desu
Formal negative 里ではありません
里じゃありません		 さとではありません
さとじゃありません		 sato de wa arimasen
sato ja arimasen
Formal past 里でした さとでした sato deshita
Formal negative past 里ではありませんでした
里じゃありませんでした		 さとではありませんでした
さとじゃありませんでした		 sato de wa arimasen deshita
sato ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 里で さとで sato de
Conditional 里なら（ば） さとなら（ば） sato nara(ba)
Provisional 里だったら さとだったら sato dattara
Volitional 里だろう さとだろう sato darō
Adverbial 里に さとに sato ni
Degree 里さ さとさ satosa

Noun[edit]

里 ‎(hiragana さと, romaji sato)

  1. village
  2. country house
  3. one's hometown
  4. the country, the countryside
  5. the original home of a household member (such as a wife, adoptee, or other person who has joined the household from outside)
  6. a separate home or boarding situation to which one's own children are sent for upbringing or education
  7. a red-light district
  8. one's birth, parentage, origins
  9. (slang, red-light district) boorishness, hickishness
  10. the lay world (as opposed to life within a temple)
  11. (obsolete) in ancient times, a unit of area for regional administration
    The ri reading below was more common for this.
  12. (obsolete) in ancient times, a unit of distance
    The ri reading below was more common for this.

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
里
り
Grade: 2
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 里 ‎(liX).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

里 ‎(hiragana り, romaji ri)

  1. unit of distance

References[edit]

  1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

里 • ‎(ri, i) (hangeul 리, 이, McCune-Reischauer ri, i, Yale li, i)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

里 (lịa, lí, lìa)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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