里

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See also: 裏, 裡, 黒, and 浬
里 U+91CC, 里
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91CC
← 釋
[U+91CB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 重 →
[U+91CD]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
里-order.gif

Han character[edit]

Commons-logo.svg
See images of
Radical 166 里

里 (radical 166, 里+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田土 (WG), four-corner 60104, composition ⿱田土)

  1. Kangxi radical #166, ⾥.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1291, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40131
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1791, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3680, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+91CC

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 里
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
里-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (里) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
埋 *mrɯː
霾 *mrɯː
薶 *mrɯː
榸 *ʔr'ɯː
厘 *rɯ
狸 *rɯ
貍 *p·rɯ
梩 *rɯ
艃 *rɯ
里 *rɯʔ
理 *rɯʔ
鯉 *rɯʔ
俚 *rɯʔ
悝 *rɯʔ, *km̥ʰlɯː
娌 *rɯʔ
裏 *rɯʔ
荲 *r̥ʰɯɡ, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 田 (“field”) + 土 (“soil; earth”) – a measure of land and fields; mile; place.

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 里
Wikipedia has an article on:

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • li1 - unit of distance;
  • li3 - length.
  • Min Nan
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 里
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 之 (19)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 良士切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lɨX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/lɨX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/lieX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/lɨX/
    Li
    Rong         		/liəX/
    Wang
    Li         		/lĭəX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/liX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lǐ
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 里
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		lǐ
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ liX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*(mə.)rəʔ/
    English li (measure of distance); village

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 里
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 7826
    Phonetic
    component         		里
    Rime
    group         		之
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		里
    Old
    Chinese         		/*rɯʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    里

    1. li (a unit of distance equal to half a kilometre in modern Mainland China)
      公里  ―  gōnglǐ  ―  kilometre
    2. village (an administrative unit in the Republic of China)
    3. lane (a type of road in Hong Kong)
    4. A surname​.
    Compounds[edit]
    Derived terms from 里

    Etymology 2[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 里 – see 裡 (“in; inside; during; within; etc.”).
    (This character, 里, is the simplified form of 裡.)
    Notes:

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    里

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. village

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    里
    さと
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    /sato1/ → /sato/

    From Old Japanese.[1] Ultimately derivation unknown.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Adjective[edit]

    里 (-na inflection, hiragana さと, rōmaji sato)

    1. (slang, red-light district) boorish, hickish
    Inflection[edit]
    Inflection of 里
    Stem forms
    Imperfective (未然形) 里だろ さとだろ sato daro
    Continuative (連用形) 里で さとで sato de
    Terminal (終止形) 里だ さとだ sato da
    Attributive (連体形) 里な さとな sato na
    Hypothetical (仮定形) 里なら さとなら sato nara
    Imperative (命令形) 里であれ さとであれ sato de are
    Key constructions
    Informal negative 里ではない
    里じゃない         		さとではない
    さとじゃない         		sato de wa nai
    sato ja nai
    Informal past 里だった さとだった sato datta
    Informal negative past 里ではなかった
    里じゃなかった         		さとではなかった
    さとじゃなかった         		sato de wa nakatta
    sato ja nakatta
    Formal 里です さとです sato desu
    Formal negative 里ではありません
    里じゃありません         		さとではありません
    さとじゃありません         		sato de wa arimasen
    sato ja arimasen
    Formal past 里でした さとでした sato deshita
    Formal negative past 里ではありませんでした
    里じゃありませんでした         		さとではありませんでした
    さとじゃありませんでした         		sato de wa arimasen deshita
    sato ja arimasen deshita
    Conjunctive 里で さとで sato de
    Conditional 里なら（ば） さとなら（ば） sato nara (ba)
    Provisional 里だったら さとだったら sato dattara
    Volitional 里だろう さとだろう sato darō
    Adverbial 里に さとに sato ni
    Degree 里さ さとさ satosa

    Noun[edit]

    里 (hiragana さと, rōmaji sato)

    1. village
    2. country house
    3. one's hometown
    4. the country, the countryside
    5. the original home of a household member (such as a wife, adoptee, or other person who has joined the household from outside)
    6. a separate home or boarding situation to which one's own children are sent for upbringing or education
    7. a red-light district
    8. one's birth, parentage, origins
    9. (slang, red-light district) boorishness, hickishness
    10. the lay world (as opposed to life within a temple)
    11. (obsolete) in ancient times, a unit of area for regional administration
      The ri reading below was more common for this.
    12. (obsolete) in ancient times, a unit of distance
      The ri reading below was more common for this.

    Synonyms[edit]

    Derived terms[edit]

    Derived terms

    Proper noun[edit]

    里 (hiragana さと, rōmaji Sato)

    1. a place name
    2. a surname​.
    3. a female given name

    里 (hiragana ざと, rōmaji Zato)

    1. a place name

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    里
    り
    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 里 (MC lɨX). Compare modern Chinese 里 (lǐ).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    里 (hiragana り, rōmaji ri)

    1. A unit of distance defined as equal to 129,600⁄33 meters: approximately 3.927 kilometers or 2.44 miles.

    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Various nanori readings.

    Proper noun[edit]

    里 (hiragana さとし, rōmaji Satoshi)

    1. a male given name

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    里 (eumhun 마을 리 (ma-eul ri), South Korea 마을 이 (ma-eul i))

    1. village
    2. Hanja form? of 리 (“a li, a Korean "mile" of about 393 m”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    里: Hán Việt readings: lý[1][2], lí[3]
    里: Nôm readings: lý[2][4], lái[1], rưới[1], trẻ[1], lia[2], lí[3], lịa[3]

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
    4. ^ Hồ (1976).
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