里

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See also: 裏, 裡, 黒, and 浬
里 U+91CC, 里
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91CC
← 釋
[U+91CB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 重 →
[U+91CD]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
里-order.gif

Han character[edit]

Commons-logo.svg
See images of
Radical 166 里

里 (radical 166, 里+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田土 (WG), four-corner 60104, composition ⿱田土)

  1. Kangxi radical #166, ⾥.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1291, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40131
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1791, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3680, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+91CC

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 里
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
里-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (里) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
埋 *mrɯː
霾 *mrɯː
薶 *mrɯː
榸 *ʔr'ɯː
厘 *rɯ
狸 *rɯ
貍 *p·rɯ
梩 *rɯ
艃 *rɯ
里 *rɯʔ
理 *rɯʔ
鯉 *rɯʔ
俚 *rɯʔ
悝 *rɯʔ, *km̥ʰlɯː
娌 *rɯʔ
裏 *rɯʔ
荲 *r̥ʰɯɡ, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 田 (“field”) + 土 (“soil; earth”) – a measure of land and fields; mile; place.

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 里
Wikipedia has an article on:
• 里

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 里
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 良士切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɨX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lɨX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lɨX/
Li
Rong 		/liəX/
Wang
Li 		/lĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/liX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lǐ
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 里
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ liX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*(mə.)rəʔ/
English li (measure of distance); village

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 里
Reading # 1/1
No. 7826
Phonetic
component 		里
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		里
Old
Chinese 		/*rɯʔ/

Definitions[edit]

里

  1. li (a unit of distance equal to half a kilometre in modern China)
    公里  ―  gōnglǐ  ―  kilometre
  2. village (an administrative unit in the Republic of China)
  3. lane (a type of road in Hong Kong)
  4. A surname​.
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 里

Etymology 2[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 里 – see 裡 (“in; inside; during; within; etc.”).
(This character, 里, is the simplified form of 裡.)
Notes:

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

里

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. village

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
里
さと
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

/sato1/ invalid IPA characters (1) → /sato/

From Old Japanese.[1] Ultimately derivation unknown.

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Adjective[edit]

里 (-na inflection, hiragana さと, rōmaji sato)

  1. (slang, red-light district) boorish, hickish
Inflection[edit]
Inflection of 里
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 里だろ さとだろ sato daro
Continuative (連用形) 里で さとで sato de
Terminal (終止形) 里だ さとだ sato da
Attributive (連体形) 里な さとな sato na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 里なら さとなら sato nara
Imperative (命令形) 里であれ さとであれ sato de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 里ではない
里じゃない 		さとではない
さとじゃない 		sato de wa nai
sato ja nai
Informal past 里だった さとだった sato datta
Informal negative past 里ではなかった
里じゃなかった 		さとではなかった
さとじゃなかった 		sato de wa nakatta
sato ja nakatta
Formal 里です さとです sato desu
Formal negative 里ではありません
里じゃありません 		さとではありません
さとじゃありません 		sato de wa arimasen
sato ja arimasen
Formal past 里でした さとでした sato deshita
Formal negative past 里ではありませんでした
里じゃありませんでした 		さとではありませんでした
さとじゃありませんでした 		sato de wa arimasen deshita
sato ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 里で さとで sato de
Conditional 里なら（ば） さとなら（ば） sato nara (ba)
Provisional 里だったら さとだったら sato dattara
Volitional 里だろう さとだろう sato darō
Adverbial 里に さとに sato ni
Degree 里さ さとさ satosa

Noun[edit]

里 (hiragana さと, rōmaji sato)

  1. village
  2. country house
  3. one's hometown
  4. the country, the countryside
  5. the original home of a household member (such as a wife, adoptee, or other person who has joined the household from outside)
  6. a separate home or boarding situation to which one's own children are sent for upbringing or education
  7. a red-light district
  8. one's birth, parentage, origins
  9. (slang, red-light district) boorishness, hickishness
  10. the lay world (as opposed to life within a temple)
  11. (obsolete) in ancient times, a unit of area for regional administration
    The ri reading below was more common for this.
  12. (obsolete) in ancient times, a unit of distance
    The ri reading below was more common for this.

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Proper noun[edit]

里 (hiragana さと, rōmaji Sato)

  1. a place name
  2. a surname​.
  3. a female given name

里 (hiragana ざと, rōmaji Zato)

  1. a place name

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
里
り
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 里 (MC lɨX). Compare modern Chinese 里 (lǐ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

里 (hiragana り, rōmaji ri)

  1. A unit of distance defined as equal to 129,600⁄33 meters: approximately 3.927 kilometers or 2.44 miles.

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Various nanori readings.

Proper noun[edit]

里 (hiragana さとし, rōmaji Satoshi)

  1. a male given name

References[edit]

  1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

里 (eumhun 마을 리 (ma-eul ri), South Korea 마을 이 (ma-eul i))

  1. village
  2. Hanja form? of 리 (“a li, a Korean "mile" of about 393 m”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

里: Hán Việt readings: lý[1][2], lí[3]
里: Nôm readings: lý[2][4], lái[1], rưới[1], trẻ[1], lia[2], lí[3], lịa[3]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ^ Hồ (1976).
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