島

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 岛, 嶋, 嶌, and 嶹
島 U+5CF6, 島
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5CF6
← 峵
[U+5CF5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 峷 →
[U+5CF7]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

島 (radical 46, 山+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹日卜山 (HAYU), four-corner 27727)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 312, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8108
  • Dae Jaweon: page 612, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 775, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+5CF6

Chinese[edit]

trad. 島
simp. 岛
alternative forms
 
㠀
嶋
嶌
隝
嶹／𫝵
㠀
嶋
嶌
隝
嶹／𫝵
隯／陦
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 島
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
島-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (鳥) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
島 *tuːwʔ
搗 *taːwʔ
鵃 *rtɯːw, *rtɯːw, *tjiw
瞗 *tɯːw
鳥 *tɯːwʔ
蔦 *tɯːwʔ, *tɯːws
窵 *tɯːws

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tuːwʔ): phonetic 鳥 (OC *tɯːwʔ) + semantic 山 (“mountain”).

島

Etymology[edit]

Reminiscent of Mon လ္ကံ (from Proto-Mon-Khmer *tkɔɔʔ), but probably not related (Schuessler, 2007).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 島
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都晧切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tawX/
Li
Rong 		/tɑuX/
Wang
Li 		/tɑuX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dou2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 島
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dǎo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tawX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tˁuʔ/
English island

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 島
Reading # 1/1
No. 9507
Phonetic
component 		鳥
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		倒
Old
Chinese 		/*tuːwʔ/

Definitions[edit]

島

  1. island
    孤島 / 孤岛  ―  gūdǎo  ―  isolated island
    群島 / 群岛  ―  qúndǎo  ―  archipelago
    半島 / 半岛  ―  bàndǎo  ―  peninsula
    海南島 / 海南岛  ―  Hǎinán Dǎo  ―  Hainan island
  2. A surname​.

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 島

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (島):
  • → Japanese: 島(とう) (tō)
  • → Korean: 도 (島, do)
  • → Vietnamese: đảo (島)

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

島

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Kanji in this term
島
しま
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Etymology 1[edit]

/sima/ → /ɕima/

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Possibly related to Baekje 斯麻 (*syema, “island”) and Korean 섬 (seom, “island”).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

島(しま) • (shima) 

  1. an island (land surrounded by water)
  2. one's domain, territory, turf
  3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Proper noun[edit]

島(しま) • (Shima) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
島
とう
Grade: 3
on’yomi

/tau/ → /tɔː/ → /toː/

From Middle Chinese 島 (MC tɑuX).

Affix[edit]

島(とう) • (tō) ←たう (tau)?

  1. island
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

References[edit]

  1. ^ Vovin, Alexander (2013), “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics‎[1] (PDF), volume 15, issue 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, DOI:10.1075/kl.15.2.03vov, pages 222-240.
  2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 島 (MC tɑuX).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 도ᇢ〯 (Yale: twǒw)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] 셤〯 (Yale: syěm) 도〯 (Yale: twǒ)

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

島 (eumhun 섬 도 (seom do))

  1. Hanja form? of 도 (“island”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

Kunigami[edit]

Kanji[edit]

島

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

島 (hiragana しまー, romaji shimā)

  1. a community
  2. an island

Miyako[edit]

Kanji[edit]

島

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

島 (hiragana すま, romaji suma)

  1. a community
  2. an island

Okinawan[edit]

Kanji[edit]

島

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima. Cognate with Japanese 島 (shima).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

島 (hiragana しま, rōmaji shima)

  1. a community
  2. an island

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

References[edit]

  • “シマ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary.

Old Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Japonic *sima.

Noun[edit]

島 (sima) (kana しま)

  1. an island
  2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Descendants[edit]

  • Japanese: 島 (shima)

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

島: Hán Việt readings: đảo (都(đô)老(lão)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4]
島: Nôm readings: đảo[1][3], láo[5]

  1. Hán tự form of đảo (“island”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  2. ^ Trần (2004).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bonet (1899).
  4. ^ Génibrel (1898).
  5. ^ Hồ (1976).

Yaeyama[edit]

Kanji[edit]

島

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

島 (hiragana しぃま, romaji sïma)

  1. a community
  2. an island

Yonaguni[edit]

Kanji[edit]

島

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Ryukyuan *sima, from Proto-Japonic *sima.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

島 (hiragana ちま, romaji chima)

  1. a community
  2. an island
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