鳥
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Translingual[edit]
| Stroke order | |||
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Han character[edit]
鳥 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹日卜火 (HAYF), four-corner 27327, composition ⿴烏一)
- Kangxi radical #196, ⿃.
Derived characters[edit]
- Appendix:Chinese radical/鳥
- 𠌵, 𡡅, 𡰎, 嶋, 𢄦, 㨶, 𤡕, 隝, 𭧘, 樢(㭤), 殦, 瞗, 𭿼, 𧜣, 𦄋, 𦉓, 翵, 鵤, 𧽪, 𨄙, 鿂, 𩘲, 𬳥, 𭿱, 鷠, 𪋞
- 𠞸, 鄥, 𣦘, 𫼃, 𪾖, 𦾉, 𩘵, 𡃸, 㠀, 䙚, 𦠂, 𠟀, 嶌, 蔦(茑), 窵(窎), 穒, 䉆, 𤹷, 𨶠, 𡈙
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1480, character 52
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46634
- Dae Jaweon: page 2012, character 25
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4613, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9CE5
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 鳥 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 鸟 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 鳥 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
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Pictogram (象形): a bird with a dangling tail.
Compare 烏, which is very similar, of similar origin, and 隹, which originated from a similar image of a bird, but is today rather more abstract and less recognizable. Compare to Egyptian 𓄿
Etymology[edit]
Originally pronounced with a /t-/ initial (compare 島 (OC *tuːwʔ, “island”)). In many dialects, it changed to a /n-/ initial to avoid homophony with the vulgar word 屌 (diǎo, “penis”), which may ultimately have developed from the sense “bird”. Birds/fowl are characteristically associated with Chinese slang for genitalia; compare 雀 (“sparrow > penis”) and 雞 (“chicken > penis”).
Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) hypothesised that the /n-/ initial form for “bird” may be unrelated to the /t-/ form. Instead, it may be connected with the Tai-Kadai word for bird; compare Proto-Tai *C̬.nokᴰ (“bird”), whence Thai นก (nók).
The /t-/ form may be derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (“bird”), cognate with Proto-Karen *thoᴮ (“bird”) and Proto-Bodo-Garo *tao² (“bird”).
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Definitions[edit]
鳥
- bird (Classifier: 隻／只 m; 群 m)
- (slang, dialectal) to pay attention; to heed; to take notice of
- (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) unpleasant thing
- (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) inferior or objectionable (a general term of disparagement)
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 鳥 (“bird”) [map]
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 鳥
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Descendants[edit]
- → Thai: เจี๊ยว (jíao)
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Definitions[edit]
鳥
Descendants[edit]
Others:
- → Thai: เจี๊ยว (jíao)
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
鳥
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)←てう (teu, historical)
- Kan-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)←てう (teu, historical)
- Kun: とり (tori, 鳥, Jōyō); と (to)
- Nanori: か (ka)
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
- 鳥瞰 (chōkan)
- 鳥瞰図 (chōkanzu)
- 鳥獣 (chōjū)
- 鳥葬 (chōsō)
- 鳥類 (chōrui, “bird, birds; avian”)
- 愛鳥 (aichō, “beloved bird; love for birds”)
- 益鳥 (ekichō, “beneficial bird”)
- 害鳥 (gaichō, “harmful bird”)
- 伽藍鳥 (karanchō, “pelican”)
- 七面鳥 (shichimenchō, “turkey”)
- 慈鳥 (jichō, “crow, raven”)
- 人鳥 (jinchō, “penguin”)
- 駝鳥 (dachō, “ostrich”)
- 火の鳥 (hi no tori, “phoenix”, in Western mythology)
- 不死鳥 (fushichō, “undying bird”)
- 雷鳥 (raichō, “ptarmigan, a snow grouse”)
- 雷神鳥 (raijinchō, “thunderbird”)
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鳥 |
| とり Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
⟨to2ri⟩ → /tori/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *təri. Probably cognate with Middle Korean ᄃᆞᆰ (tolk), modern Korean 닭 (dak, “fowl; chicken”).
May also be related to the Japanese verb 飛ぶ (tobu, “to fly”).
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a bird
- 1999 July 5, “タクヒ [Takuhi]”, in BOOSTER 3, Konami:
- このトリが現れた時は、何か不吉な事が起こる前ぶれ。
- Kono tori ga arawareta toki wa, nani ka fukitsu na koto ga okoru maebure.
- This bird brings bad luck to wherever it comes.
- このトリが現れた時は、何か不吉な事が起こる前ぶれ。
- 1999 August 26, “セイント・バード [Saint Bird]”, in BOOSTER 4, Konami:
- 非常に尾の長い鳥。全身から聖なる光を発する。
- Hijō ni o no nagai tori. Zenshin kara seinaru hikari o hassuru.
- A bird with an unusually long tail. It illuminates with holy light.
- 非常に尾の長い鳥。全身から聖なる光を発する。
- a chicken
- 1086, Goshūi Wakashū (book 16, poem 939; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 62)
- fowl or chicken meat
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- 酉 (Tori): the Cock in the Chinese zodiac
- 鳥居 (torī, “torii gate”, literally "bird stand, bird perch")
- 鳥インフルエンザ (tori infuruenza, “avian influenza, bird flu”)
- 鳥籠 (torikago, “birdcage”)
- 鳥刺し (torisashi, “chicken sashimi, raw chicken meat”)
- 信天翁 (ahōdori, “albatross”)
- 臼辺鳥 (usubedori): chicken (bird)
- 鴛鴦 (oshidori, “mandarin duck”)
- 鶏 (niwatori, “chicken”)
Proper noun[edit]
- a surname
- a unisex given name
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鳥 |
| と Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
⟨to2ri⟩ → ⟨*to2⟩ → /to/
From Old Japanese.[4][5] Appears to be a shift from tori above.
Pronunciation[edit]
- The pitch accent is determined by the entire word.
Prefix[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
Appears in old compounds. Does not appear to be productive in modern Japanese.
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
References[edit]
- ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Steven D. Carter (1991) Traditional Japanese Poetry: An Anthology, illustrated edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 225
- ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 鳥 (MC teuX).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 됴ᇢ〯 (Yale: tyǒw) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] | 새〯 (Yale: sǎy) | 됴〮 (Yale: tyó) |
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [조]
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Okinawan[edit]
Kanji[edit]
鳥
Readings[edit]
Etymology[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鳥 |
| とぅい Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
Derived from Japanese 鳥 (tori, “bird”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
鳥 (tui)
References[edit]
- “とぅい【鳥】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
鳥: Hán Nôm readings: điểu, đeo, đéo, đẽo
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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