夜

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夜 U+591C, 夜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-591C
← 夛
[U+591B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 夝 →
[U+591D]
See also: 亱

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character[edit]

夜 (radical 36, 夕+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜人弓大 (YONK), four-corner 00247, composition ⿱亠⿰亻⿴夂丶)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 246, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5763
  • Dae Jaweon: page 490, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 285, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+591C

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 夜
variant forms 亱

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 夜
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
夜-bronze.svg 夜-seal.svg 夜-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (亦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
夜 *laːɡs
鵺 *laːɡs
迹 *ʔsleːɡ
跡 *ʔsleːɡ
亦 *laːɡ
弈 *laːɡ
奕 *laːɡ
帟 *laːɡ
腋 *laːɡ
掖 *laːɡ
焲 *laːɡ
液 *laːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *laːɡs): phonetic 亦 (OC *laːɡ) + semantic 夕 (“moon”).

The lower-right portion is a corruption/graphical variant of 夕; the remainder (亠 + 亻) is a reduced and distorted form of 亦, used phonetically.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-r(j)ak.

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 夜
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 羊謝切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jiaH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiaH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jiaH/
Li
Rong 		/iaH/
Wang
Li 		/jĭaH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯aH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yè
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 夜
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yæH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɢ]Ak-s/
English night

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 夜
Reading # 1/1
No. 14992
Phonetic
component 		亦
Rime
group 		暮
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		夜
Old
Chinese 		/*laːɡs/

Definitions[edit]

夜

  1. night
    ⇒ 晚
  2. occurring during the night
  3. (Cantonese) late (in the night)
    我呢排晚晚都好夜先返屋企。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    Ngo5 ni1 paai4 maan5 maan5 dou1 hou2 je6 sin1 faan1 uk1 kei5-2. [Jyutping]
    Recently, I've been going home quite late in the night.
  4. Classifier for the number of nights.
    三天兩夜 / 三天两夜  ―  sān tiān liǎng yè  ―  three days and two nights

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 夜

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

夜

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. The night.

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
夜
よる
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

夜 (hiragana よる, rōmaji yoru)

  1. night; the evening
    東 (とう)京 (きょう)の夜 (よる)
    Tōkyō no yoru
    Tokyo nights
    不 (ふ)安 (あん)な夜 (よる)を過 (す)ごす
    fuan na yoru o sugosu
    to endure a night of anxiety
    (literally, “to pass an uneasy night”)
    夜 (よる)の星空 (ほしぞら)を見 (み)上 (あ)げる
    yoru no hoshizora o miageru
    to look up at the night's starry sky
    『夜 (よる)のヒットスタジオ』
    “Yoru no Hitto Sutajio”
    "Hit Studio of the Night" (prominent Japanese music show)

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
夜
よ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

夜 (hiragana よ, rōmaji yo)

  1. (literary) night; the evening
    『真夏 (まなつ)の夜 (よ)の夢 (ゆめ)』
    “Manatsu no Yo no Yume”
    A Midsummer Night's Dream

References[edit]

  1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

夜 (eumhun 밤 야 (bam ya))

  1. night

Compounds[edit]

Oki-No-Erabu[edit]

Kanji[edit]

夜 (kun'yomi いぃーる, romaji yīru)

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with mainland Japanese 夜 (yoru, “night”).

Noun[edit]

夜 (hiragana いぃーる, romaji yīru)

  1. night

Okinawan[edit]

Kanji[edit]

夜 (kun'yomi ゆる, romaji yuru, kun'yomi ゆー, romaji yū)

Etymology 1[edit]

Cognate with mainland Japanese 夜 (yoru, “night”).

Counter[edit]

夜 (hiragana ゆる, romaji yuru)

  1. nights
    一夜 (ちゅゆる)
    chuyuru
    one night
    二夜 (たゆる)
    tayuru
    two nights

Noun[edit]

夜 (hiragana ゆる, romaji yuru)

  1. night

Etymology 2[edit]

Cognate with mainland Japanese 夜 (yo, “night”).

Noun[edit]

夜 (hiragana ゆー, romaji yū)

  1. night

References[edit]

  • 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawago Jiten, “Okinawan Dictionary”)‎[1], 1963

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

夜 (dạ, dà)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yonaguni[edit]

Kanji[edit]

夜 (kun'yomi どぅる, romaji duru)

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with mainland Japanese 夜 (yoru, “night”).

Noun[edit]

夜 (hiragana どぅる, romaji duru)

  1. night
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