羊

羊	U+7F8A, 羊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F8A

⽺	U+2F7A, ⽺ KANGXI RADICAL SHEEP

← ⽹
[U+2F79]

Kangxi Radicals

⽻ →
[U+2F7B]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

See images of
Radical 123 羊

羊 (radical 123, 羊+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 廿手 (TQ), four-corner 8050₁, composition ⿱䒑𰀁)

Kangxi radical #123, ⽺.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

KangXi: page 950, character 38
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28425
Dae Jaweon: page 1393, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3125, character 1
Unihan data for U+7F8A

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		羊

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 羊
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (羊) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
样	ʔslaːŋ, laŋ
佯	zlaŋ, laŋ
詳	ljaŋ, laŋ
洋	ljaŋ, laŋ
翔	*ljaŋ
庠	*ljaŋ
祥	*ljaŋ
痒	ljaŋ, laŋʔ
姜	*klaŋ
羌	*kʰlaŋ
蜣	*kʰlaŋ
猐	*kʰlaŋ
唴	*kʰlaŋs
羊	*laŋ
徉	*laŋ
烊	*laŋ
蛘	laŋ, laŋʔ
眻	laŋ, laŋs
鴹	*laŋ
恙	*laŋs
羕	*laŋs
樣	*laŋs
漾	*laŋs

Pictogram (象形) – picture of a ram's head.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jaŋ (“sheep; yak”). Cognate with Tibetan གཡག (g.yag, “yak”), Lepcha ᰚᰩᰭ (yók, “yak”), Tangut 𗇼 (gjwã, “goat”), Northern Tujia zo³⁵ (“goat; sheep”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yáng (yang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˊ

(Chengdu, SP): yang²

(Dungan, Cyrillic): ён (i͡on, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): joeng⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yiang³
Gan (Wiktionary): iong⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yông

(Meixian, Guangdong): yong²
Jin (Wiktionary): ion¹
Min Bei (KCR): iô̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): iòng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): iûⁿ / iôⁿ / iâuⁿ / iông / iâng

(Teochew, Peng'im): iên⁵ / ion⁵ / iang⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): hhian (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): ian²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ
  - Wade–Giles: yang²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yang
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (羊兒／羊儿)⁺
  - Pinyin: yángr
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊㄦ
  - Wade–Giles: yangrh²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yangl
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yángr
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑ̃ɻ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yang²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: ён (i͡on, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: joeng⁴
  - Yale: yèuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joeng⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœ̽ːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yiang³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʒiaŋ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: iong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɔŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
  - Hakka Romanization System: iong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yong²
  - Sinological IPA: /iɔŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ion¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /iɒ̃¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iô̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɔŋ³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: iòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yoŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Yilan, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Singapore, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iûⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: iûnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: viuu
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iũ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kinmen, Singapore, Philippines): /iũ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iôⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: iônn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: viooi
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔ̃¹³/
  - IPA (Singapore): /iɔ̃²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâuⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: iâunn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: viaau
  - IPA (Penang): /iãu²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iông
  - Tâi-lô: iông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioong
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /iɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâng
  - Tâi-lô: iâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iaŋ¹³/

Note:

iûⁿ/iôⁿ/iâuⁿ - vernacular;
iông - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: iên⁵ / ion⁵ / iang⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iêⁿ / iôⁿ / iâng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ĩẽ⁵⁵/, /ĩõ⁵⁵/, /iaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

iên5/ion5 - vernacular;
iang5 - literary.

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhian (T3)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦiã²³/

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: ian²
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /iæn¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 羊
Mandarin	Beijing	/iɑŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/iaŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/iɑŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/iaŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/iaŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/iaŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/iaŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/iɔ̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/iɑŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/iɑ̃⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/iɑŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/iaŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/iaŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/iaŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/iã̠¹/
	Nanjing	/iaŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/iɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/iɒ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/iɑŋ¹³/ /yə¹³/ ～子
	Hohhot	/iɑ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦiã²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦiã¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦiɑŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ji³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/ia⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/iau⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ian¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ian¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/iɔŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/ioŋ¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ʒoŋ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jœŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/jœŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/jœŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/iɔŋ³⁵/ /iũ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/yoŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/iɔŋ³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/iõ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/iaŋ³¹/ /io³¹/

Middle Chinese: /jɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	羊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	與章切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/iɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/iaŋ/
Wang Li	/jĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joeng⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢaŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*laŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羊
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yáng
Middle Chinese	‹ yang ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢaŋ/
English	sheep
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羊
Reading #	1/1
No.	14535
Phonetic component	羊
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	陽
Old Chinese	/*laŋ/

Definitions[edit]

羊

caprid, e.g. sheep, goat, antelope (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)
A surname.

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 羊 (“goat; sheep”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		羊
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		羊
Mandarin	Beijing	羊
	Taiwan	羊
	Tianjin	羊
	Tangshan	羊
	Cangzhou	羊
	Baoding	羊
	Shijiazhuang	羊
	Chifeng	羊
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	羊
	Harbin	羊
	Shenyang	羊
	Muping	羊
	Qingdao	羊
	Jinan	羊
	Luoyang	羊
	Wanrong	羊
	Zhengzhou	羊
	Xi'an	羊
	Yinchuan	羊
	Lanzhou	羊
	Xining	羊
	Ürümqi	羊
	Wuhan	羊, 羊子
	Chengdu	羊, 羊子
	Chongqing	羊
	Guiyang	羊, 羊子
	Kunming	羊
	Guilin	羊
	Liuzhou	羊, 羊咩
	Xuzhou	羊
	Yangzhou	羊
	Nanjing	羊
	Hefei	羊
	Nantong	羊
	Singapore	羊
Cantonese	Guangzhou	羊, 羊咩
	Hong Kong	羊, 羊咩, 羊咩咩 childish
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	羊
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	羊
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	羊
	Dongguan	羊
	Yangjiang	羊, 羊咩
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	羊, 羊咩
	Singapore (Guangfu)	羊
Gan	Nanchang	羊
Gan	Pingxiang	羊
Hakka	Meixian	羊仔
	Dabu (Xihe)	羊
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	羊仔
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	羊仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	羊仔
	Dongshi (Dabu)	羊
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	羊仔
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	羊
	Hong Kong	羊
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	羊
	Senai (Huiyang)	羊
Huizhou	Jixi	羊
Huizhou	Shexian	羊
Jin	Taiyuan	羊, 羊兒
	Xinzhou	羊
	Linhe	羊
	Jining	羊
	Hohhot	羊
	Baotou	羊
	Zhangjiakou	羊
	Handan	羊
Min Bei	Jian'ou	羊
Min Dong	Fuzhou	羊
Min Nan	Xiamen	羊, 羊咩咩 childish
	Quanzhou	羊, 羊咩咩 childish
	Zhangzhou	羊咩咩 childish
	Zhao'an	羊仔
	Kaohsiung	羊
	Yilan	羊仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	羊
	Taichung	羊仔
	Taichung (Wuqi)	羊
	Tainan	羊
	Taitung	羊
	Hsinchu	羊
	Penghu (Magong)	羊
	Penang (Hokkien)	羊
	Singapore (Hokkien)	羊
	Chaozhou	羊
	Shantou	羊
	Chenghai	羊
	Bangkok (Teochew)	羊
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	羊
	Singapore (Teochew)	羊
	Haikou	羊, 羊咩
	Singapore (Hainanese)	羊
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	羊, 羊咩咩 childish
Shehua	Fu'an	羊
	Fuding	羊
	Luoyuan	羊
	Sanming	羊
	Shunchang	羊
	Hua'an	羊
	Guixi (Zhangping)	羊
	Cangnan	羊
	Jingning	羊
	Lishui	羊
	Longyou	羊
	Chaozhou	羊
	Fengshun	羊
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	羊
Wu	Shanghai	羊
	Suzhou	羊, 羊媽媽
	Hangzhou	羊
	Danyang	羊子
	Wenzhou	羊兒
Xiang	Changsha	羊
Xiang	Shuangfeng	羊

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 羊

石羊
素絲羔羊／素丝羔羊
綿羊／绵羊 (miányáng, “sheep”)
羊乳 (yángrǔ)
羊倌 (yángguān)
羊兒風／羊儿风
羊入虎口 (yángrùhǔkǒu)
羊公鶴／羊公鹤
羊冊／羊册 (Yángcè)
羊卓雍湖
羊卜
羊城 (Yángchéng)
羊字旁 (yángzìpáng)
羊尾 (Yángyǐ)
羊工
羊左之誼／羊左之谊
羊市 (Yángshì)
羊布婚
羊帶來／羊带来
羊性
羊撞籬笆／羊撞篱笆
羊斑
羊栖菜 (yángqīcài)
羊桃 (yángtáo)
羊棗／羊枣
羊欣
羊毛 (yángmáo)
羊毛猴
羊毛疔
羊毛脂
羊毫
羊水 (yángshuǐ)
羊溝／羊沟
羊狠狼貪／羊狠狼贪
羊痘
羊癇瘋／羊痫疯
羊癲瘋／羊癫疯 (yángdiānfēng)
羊皮紙／羊皮纸 (yángpízhǐ)
羊真孔草
羊祜
羊續懸魚／羊续悬鱼
羊羔 (yánggāo)
羊羔利
羊羔酒
羊群 (yángqún)
羊羹 (yánggēng)
羊肉床子
羊肚蕈
羊胃羊頭／羊胃羊头
羊背石
羊胛熟
羊脂玉
羊脂白
羊腸／羊肠 (yángcháng)
羊腸小徑／羊肠小径 (yángchángxiǎojìng)

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (羊):

→ Japanese: 羊(よう) (yō)
→ Korean: 양 (羊, yang)
→ Vietnamese: dương (羊)

Others:

Wutunhua: yang

References[edit]

“Entry #2600”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese[edit]

Kanji in this term
羊
ひつじ Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Kanji[edit]

羊

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

sheep

Readings[edit]

Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō); じょう (jō)
Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō); しょう (shō)
Kun: ひつじ (hitsuji, 羊, Jōyō)

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Kanji in this term
羊
ひつじ Grade: 3
kun’yomi

ヒツジ on Japanese Wikipedia

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) ひつじ [hìtsújí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [çi̥t͡sɨᵝʑi]

- Homophone: 未

Noun[edit]

羊(ひつじ) • (hitsuji)

a sheep (animal)
- 1999 March 6, “スリーピィ [Sleepie]”, in Starter Box(スターターボックス), Konami:
  
  しっぽの長(なが)いひつじ。しっぽを使(つか)い催(さい)眠(みん)術(じゅつ)をかけ、睡(すい)魔(ま)を誘(さそ)う。
  Shippo no nagai hitsuji. Shippo o tsukai saiminjutsu o kake, suima o sasou.
  A sheep that will mesmerize you to sleep with its long tail.

Usage notes[edit]

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as ヒツジ.

Derived terms[edit]

未(ひつじ) (hitsuji)

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
羊
よう Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi

IPA^(key): [jo̞ː]

Affix[edit]

羊(よう) • (yō)

a sheep (animal)

References[edit]

^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 羊 (MC jɨɐŋ). Recorded as Middle Korean 야ᇰ (Yale: yang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

羊

Wikisource

羊 (eumhun 양 양 (yang yang))

Hanja form^? of 양 (“sheep”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

산양 (山羊, sanyang)
양모 (羊毛, yangmo)
면양 (綿羊, myeonyang)
영양 (羚羊, yeong'yang)
양피 (羊皮, yangpi)
양각 (羊角, yanggak)

References[edit]

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]