狗

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狗 U+72D7, 狗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72D7
← 狖
[U+72D6]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 狘 →
[U+72D8]
See also: 豿

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
狗-bw.png
Stroke order
狗-order.gif

Han character[edit]

狗 (radical 94 犬+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大竹心口 (KHPR), four-corner 47220, composition ⿰犭句)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 709, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20345
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1341, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+72D7

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 狗

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 狗
Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
狗-silk.svg 狗-bigseal.svg 狗-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
勾 *koː, *koːs
鉤 *koː
鴝 *koː, *ɡo
句 *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo
夠 *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː
枸 *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ
軥 *koː, *koːs, *ɡo
狗 *koːʔ
苟 *koːʔ
岣 *koːʔ, *ko
笱 *koːʔ
玽 *koːʔ
耇 *koːʔ
豿 *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ
敂 *koːʔ
怐 *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos
雊 *koːs
竘 *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ
齁 *qʰoː
呴 *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos
蚼 *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo
豞 *qʰoːs
訽 *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs
佝 *qʰoːs
拘 *ko
駒 *ko
眗 *ko
跔 *ko
鮈 *ko
痀 *ko
蒟 *koʔ, *kos
絇 *kos, *ɡo
邭 *kos
劬 *ɡo
朐 *ɡo
鼩 *ɡo
斪 *ɡo
翑 *ɡo
葋 *ɡo
姁 *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos
欨 *qʰo, *qʰoʔ
喣 *qʰoʔ
煦 *qʰoʔ, *qʰos
昫 *qʰos

Etymology[edit]

From some language ancestral to modern Hmong-Mien languages, from Proto-Hmong-Mien *qluwˣ (“dog”), perhaps from Proto-Austronesian *(u-)(ŋ)kuɣkuɣ (“dog”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • káu - vernacular;
  • kó͘/kió - literary.
Rime
Character 狗
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 侯 (137)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古厚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kəuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kəuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kəwX/
Li
Rong		 /kuX/
Wang
Li		 /kəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gǒu
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 狗
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gǒu
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kuwX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*Cə.kˤroʔ/
English dog

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 狗
Reading # 1/1
No. 7068
Phonetic
component		 句
Rime
group		 侯
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 苟
Old
Chinese		 /*koːʔ/

Definitions[edit]

狗

狗

  1. dog (Classifier: 隻／只; 條／条)
  2. (offensive) despicable; nasty
    狗男女  ―  gǒu nánnǚ  ―  couple in an illicit love affair
  3. to flatter
  4. A surname​.

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 狗 (“dog”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 犬
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 狗
Mandarin Beijing 狗
Taiwan 狗
Jinan 狗
Xi'an 狗
Wuhan 狗子、來富
Chengdu 狗
Yangzhou 狗
Hefei 狗
Cantonese Guangzhou 狗
Hong Kong 狗
Taishan 狗
Yangjiang 狗
Gan Nanchang 狗
Hakka Meixian 狗
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 狗仔
Liudui (S. Sixian) 狗仔
Hsinchu (Hailu) 狗、狗仔
Dongshi (Dabu) 狗
Zhuolan (Raoping) 狗
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 狗
Jin Taiyuan 狗、狗兒
Min Bei Jian'ou 狗
Min Dong Fuzhou 犬
Min Nan Xiamen 狗
Quanzhou 狗
Zhangzhou 狗
Taipei 狗、狗仔
Chaozhou 狗
Shantou 狗
Wu Suzhou 狗
Wenzhou 狗
Xiang Changsha 狗
Shuangfeng 狗

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 狗

References[edit]

  • Peyraube, Alain. "Ancient Chinese." The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages. Ed. Roger D. Woodard. Cambridge UP, 2004. 1012.

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

狗

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. puppy, dog
  2. a sentinel
  3. a snoop or spy
  4. useless, wasteful

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • New Nelson: 3565
  • Halpern: 345
  • Halpern Learners: not listed
  • Heisig: 2341
  • Tuttle Kanji Dictionary: 3g5.5
  1. Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.
Kanji in this term
狗
いぬ
Hyōgaiji
kun'yomi

Noun[edit]

狗 (counter 匹, hiragana いぬ, katakana イヌ, rōmaji inu)

  1. Alternative spelling of 犬

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

狗 • (gu) (hangeul 구, McCune-Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

狗 (cẩu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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