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See also: 豿
U+72D7, 狗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72D7

[U+72D6]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+72D8]

Translingual

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Stroke order
8 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 94, +5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大竹心口 (KHPR), four-corner 47220, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 709, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20345
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1341, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+72D7

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms 豿 “cub”

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *koːʔ) : semantic (dog) + phonetic (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).

Etymology

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From some language ancestral to modern Hmong-Mien languages, from Proto-Hmong-Mien *qluwˣ (dog), perhaps from Proto-Austronesian *(u-)(ŋ)kuɣkuɣ (dog) (Norman, 1988; Benedict, 1996).

Alternatively, STEDT derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n (dog), whence also (OC *kʰʷeːnʔ).

Less likely, it may be related to (OC *ko, “foal”), (OC *kluː, “lamb”), 𤘽 (“calf”) (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • ě - vernacular;
  • gě - literary.
Note:
  • káu - vernacular;
  • kó͘/kió - literary.
Note: 3keu (Hangzhounese) - older speakers only.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (137)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kəuX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kəuX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kəwX/
Li
Rong
/kuX/
Wang
Li
/kəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gǒu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gau2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gǒu
Middle
Chinese
‹ kuwX ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.kˁroʔ/
English dog

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7068
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*koːʔ/

Definitions

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  1. dog (Classifier: m c mn;  m)
      ―  wèi gǒu  ―  to feed a dog
      ―  lèi chéng gǒu  ―  extremely tired [cf. dog-tired]
  2. (derogatory) something or someone unpleasant
    1. Used as an attributive.
      男女  ―  gǒu nánnǚ  ―  couple in an illicit love affair
        ―  gǒuguān  ―  government official
      老娘 [MSC, trad.]
      老娘 [MSC, simp.]
      Kàn lǎoniáng chuí bào nǐ de gǒu tóu! [Pinyin]
      See how I hammer you in your goddamn head!
    2. (self-deprecatory) a miserable person (used in compounds)
      單身单身  ―  dānshēngǒu  ―  singleton
      IT  ―  IT gǒu  ―  a person working in the IT industry
    3. (Hong Kong, neologism, derogatory) police; pig; po-po
  3. (chiefly Beijing Mandarin) to flatter
  4. (Cantonese) cunning
  5. (obsolete) cub; young bear or tiger
  6. a surname

Synonyms

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  • (dog):
  • (Hong Kong: police): 警犬 (jǐngquǎn)

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic ():
  • Vietnamese: cẩu ()

Others:

See also

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. puppy, dog
  2. a sentinel
  3. a snoop or spy
  4. useless, wasteful

Readings

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  • Go-on: (ku)
  • Kan-on: こう ()
  • Kun: いぬ (inu, )えぬ (enu, )ゑぬ (wenu, , historical)

Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
いぬ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
いぬ1
[noun] dog, canine
[noun] servant; one who is loyal (like a dog)
[noun] spy
Alternative spelling
イヌ
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
えぬ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

First cited to the Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.[1]

Ultimate derivation uncertain. Theories include a fusion of (*wa-, diminutive prefix?) + (inu, dog), an ancient nativized borrowing from Old Chinese (OC *kʰʷeːnʔ, “dog”), in turn, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n, or an unraised vowel extension of Proto-Japonic *enu (dog). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(えぬ) (enuゑぬ (wenu)?

  1. (obsolete) a puppy or dog
Usage notes
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Obsolete. Not listed in most dictionaries.

References

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  1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun (gae gu))

  1. hanja form? of (dog)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: cẩu ((cử)(hậu)(thiết))[1][2][3][4]
: Nôm readings: cẩu[1][3][5]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

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References

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