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鼠

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 鼡 and 臼
鼠 U+9F20, 鼠
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F20
← 鼟
[U+9F1F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鼡 →
[U+9F21]
⿏ U+2FCF, ⿏
KANGXI RADICAL RAT
← ⿎
[U+2FCE] 		Kangxi Radicals ⿐ →
[U+2FD0]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order

Han character

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See images of
Radical 208 鼠

鼠 (Kangxi radical 208, 鼠+0, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹難女卜女 (HXVYV), four-corner 77717, composition ⿱臼⿲⿺𠄌⺀⿺𠄌⺀㇂(GJK) or ⿱臼⿲⿺𠄌𠄠⿺𠄌𠄠㇂(HT))

  1. Kangxi radical #208, ⿏.

Derived characters

[edit]

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1527, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48390
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2063, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4772, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F20

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 鼠
simp. # 鼠
alternative forms 䑕
鼡
⿱𭕄电 2nd round simp. (1977)
⿱白⿲𠄌𠄌㇂ 2nd round simp. (1981)

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 鼠
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (鼠) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鼠 *hljaʔ
癙 *hljaʔ

Pictogram (象形) – a mouse or rat. In the seal script form, which is inherited in the regular script, the upper component resembling 臼 (jiù) represents the open mouth of a rat with teeth displayed, and the lower component represents the two feet of a rat on the left and a tail on the right.

Etymology

[edit]

Unclear. Schuessler (2007) reconstructs the Minimal Old Chinese as *nhaʔ (homophonous to 癙 (OC *nhaʔ) "painful, suffering", which is in the same phonetic series and may be related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *na-n/t (“ill, pain, sore, ache, difficult, evil spirit”)) and compares to the following:

STEDT, on the other hand, compares 鼠 (OC *hljaʔ) to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-jəw-n (“rat; rabbit; hare”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • cy3/cu3/ci3 - vernacular;
  • sy3/su3/si3 - literary.
Note:
  • chhí/chhír/chhú - vernacular;
  • sú/sír/sí - literary;
  • chhú - literary (Taiwan).
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 鼠
Mandarin Beijing /ʂu²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʂu²¹³/
Tianjin /ʂu¹³/
/su¹³/
Jinan /ʂu⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ʃu⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʂu⁵³/
Xi'an /fu⁵³/
Xining /fv̩⁵³/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵³/
/ʂu⁵³/
Lanzhou /p͡fʰu⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕy⁴²/
Chengdu /su⁵³/
Guiyang /su⁴²/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵³/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹²/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰu²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /su⁵³/
Pingyao /sz̩ʷ⁵³/
Hohhot /su⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵³/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰei³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰy³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰy³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕy⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ɕy⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /ɕy²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰu³¹/
Taoyuan /tʃʰu³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sy³⁵/
Nanning /sy³⁵/
Hong Kong /sy³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /su⁵³/
/t͡sʰu⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰy³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰy²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰɯ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /siu²¹³/
Rime
Character 鼠
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 舒吕切
Baxter syoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕiɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕɨə̆X/
Li
Rong 		/ɕiɔX/
Wang
Li 		/ɕĭoX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɕi̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		syu2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鼠
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shǔ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ syoX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[l̥]aʔ/
English rat

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鼠
Reading # 1/1
No. 11801
Phonetic
component 		鼠
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*hljaʔ/

Definitions

[edit]

鼠

  1. rat; mouse; any member of the superfamily Muroidea, rodent
    老鼠  ―  lǎoshǔ  ―  mouse, rat
  2. Rat (first of the Chinese zodiac signs)
    我屬鼠。／我属鼠。  ―  Wǒ shǔ shǔ.  ―  My zodiac sign is the Rat.
  3. (traditional Chinese medicine) scrofula; scrofulous
  4. (Cantonese) to sneak; to go stealthily
    佢鼠走咗。 [Cantonese]  ―  keoi5 syu2 zau2 zo2. [Jyutping]  ―  He sneaked away.

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 老鼠 (“mouse; rat”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 鼠
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 老鼠
Taxonomic name 鼠
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 老鼠, 耗子
Taiwan 老鼠, 米奇 colloquial
Langfang 耗子
Chengde 耗子
Ulanhot 耗子
Tongliao 耗子
Chifeng 老鼠, 耗子
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 耗子
Heihe 老鼠, 耗子
Qiqihar 老鼠, 耗子
Harbin 老鼠, 耗子
Jiamusi 老鼠, 耗子
Baicheng 老鼠, 耗子
Changchun 耗子
Tonghua 耗子
Shenyang 老鼠, 耗子
Jinzhou 老鼠, 耗子
Malaysia 老鼠
Singapore 老鼠
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 老鼠, 耗子
Tangshan 老鼠, 耗子
Cangzhou 老鼠
Baoding 老鼠, 耗子
Shijiazhuang 老鼠, 耗子
Lijin 老鼠
Jinan 老鼠, 耗子
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 耗子
Dandong 老鼠, 耗子
Yantai 老鼠
Yantai (Muping) 老鼠, 耗子
Qingdao 老鼠, 耗子
Zhucheng 耗子, 土耗子
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 老鼠, 耗子
Lingbao 老鼠
Jining 老鼠, 耗子
Daming 老鼠
Yuncheng 老鼠
Wenxi 老鼠
Yongji 老鼠
Wanrong 老鼠
Linfen 老鼠
Jixian 老鼠, 圪老夜
Huozhou 老鼠
Shangqiu 老鼠, 耗子
Yuanyang 耗子
Zhengzhou 老鼠, 耗子
Xinyang 老鼠
Baihe 老鼠, 耗子
Xi'an 老鼠
Baoji 老鼠
Tianshui 老鼠
Xining 老鼠
Xuzhou 老鼠
Pizhou 老鼠
Lianyungang (Ganyu) 老鼠
Donghai 老鼠
Fuyang 老鼠
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 老鼠
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 老鼠
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 老鼠, 老蟲, 耗子
Bayanhot 老鼠
Lanzhou 老鼠子, 老鼠
Dunhuang 老鼠
Hami 老鼠
Ürümqi 老鼠
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 老鼠, 耗子
Nanchong 老鼠, 耗子
Dazhou 耗子
Hanyuan 老鼠子
Xichang 老鼠, 耗子
Zigong 老鼠, 耗子
Chongqing 耗子
Wuhan 老鼠, 高大爹 dated, euphemistic, 客人 dated, euphemistic
Yichang 老鼠, 耗子
Xiangyang 老鼠, 耗子
Tianmen 老鼠, 老鼠子
Guiyang 耗子
Zunyi 老鼠, 耗子
Bijie 耗子
Liping 老鼠
Zhaotong 老鼠, 耗子
Dali 耗子
Kunming 老鼠, 耗子
Mengzi 耗子
Guilin 老鼠
Guanyang 老鼠子
Liuzhou 老鼠, 耗子
Nanning (Wuming) 老鼠
Jishou 老鼠
Changde 老鼠, 耗子
Hanzhong 老鼠, 耗子
Mae Salong (Lancang) 老鼠
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 老鼠
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 老鼠, 小耳朵
Yangzhou 老鼠
Baoying 老鼠
Taizhou 老鼠
Zhenjiang 老鼠
Lianyungang 老鼠
Huai'an (Huaiyin) 老鼠
Lianshui 老鼠
Xuyi 老鼠
Xinghua 老鼠
Nantong 老鼠
Rugao 老鼠
Yancheng 老鼠
Funing 老鼠
Sihong 老鼠
Anqing 老鼠
Wuhu 老鼠, 老鼠子
Hefei 老鼠, 老鼠子
Hong'an 老鼠, 高客
Cantonese Guangzhou 老鼠
Hong Kong 老鼠, 米奇 colloquial
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 老鼠
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 老鼠
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 老鼠
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 老鼠
Macau 老鼠
Guangzhou (Panyu) 老鼠
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 老鼠
Guangzhou (Conghua) 老鼠
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 老鼠
Foshan 老鼠
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 老鼠
Foshan (Shunde) 老鼠
Foshan (Sanshui) 老鼠
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 老鼠
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 老鼠
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 老鼠
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 老鼠
Zhuhai (Doumen) 老鼠
Jiangmen (Baisha) 老鼠
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 老鼠
Taishan 老鼠
Kaiping (Chikan) 老鼠
Enping (Niujiang) 老鼠
Heshan (Yayao) 老鼠
Dongguan 老鼠
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 老鼠
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 老鼠
Qingyuan 老鼠
Fogang 老鼠
Yingde (Hanguang) 老鼠
Yangshan 老鼠
Lianshan (Butian) 老鼠
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 老鼠
Shaoguan 老鼠
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 老鼠
Renhua 老鼠
Lechang 老鼠
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 老鼠
Sihui 老鼠
Guangning 老鼠
Deqing 老鼠
Huaiji 老鼠
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 老鼠
Yunfu 老鼠
Xinxing 老鼠
Luoding 老鼠
Yunan (Pingtai) 老鼠
Yangjiang 老鼠
Xinyi 老鼠
Maoming (Xinpo) 老鼠
Lianjiang 老鼠
Nanning 老鼠
Wuzhou 老鼠
Yulin 老鼠
Hepu (Lianzhou) 老鼠
Hepu (Shatian) 老鼠
Guiping 老鼠
Mengshan (Xihe) 老鼠
Guigang (Nanjiang) 老鼠
Beiliu (Tangliao) 老鼠
Baise 老鼠
Bobai 老鼠
Lingshan 老鼠
Pubei 老鼠
Qinzhou 老鼠
Beihai 老鼠
Beihai (Nankang) 老鼠
Beihai (Yingpan) 老鼠
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 老鼠
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 老鼠
Ningming 老鼠
Hengzhou 老鼠
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) 老鼠
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 老鼠
Danzhou 老鼠
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 老鼠
Penang (Guangfu) 老鼠
Singapore (Guangfu) 老鼠
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 老鼠
Móng Cái 老鼠
Gan Nanchang 老鼠, 財神 euphemistic
Pengze 老鼠
Lichuan 老鼠
Pingxiang 老鼠子, 老鼠
Liuyang 老鼠哩
Hakka Meixian 老鼠, 老鼠仔
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 老鼠
Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) 老鼠
Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) 老鼠
Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) 老鼠, 老鼠仔
Dongguan (Qingxi) 老鼠
Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) 老鼠
Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) 老鼠
Boluo (Bendihua) 老鼠
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 老鼠
Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) 老鼠
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 老鼠
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 老鼠
Wuhua (Huacheng) 老鼠
Wuhua (Changbu) 老鼠
Wuhua (Mianyang) 老鼠
Heyuan (Bendihua) 老鼠
Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) 老鼠
Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) 老鼠
Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) 老鼠
Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) 老鼠
Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) 老鼠
Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) 老鼠
Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) 老鼠
Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) 老鼠
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 老鼠
Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) 老鼠, 尖支鬼
Wuping 了猬
Yudu 老鼠
Shicheng 老鼠
Shangyou (Shexi) 老鼠
Taoyuan 老鼠
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 老鼠
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 老鼠
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 老鼠
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 老鼠
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 老鼠
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 老鼠仔
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 老鼠仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 老鼠
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 老鼠
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 老鼠, 老鼠仔
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 老鼠
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 老鼠
Hong Kong 老鼠
Luchuan (Daqiao) 老鼠
Beiliu (Tang'an) 老鼠
Mashan (Pianlian) 老鼠
Sabah (Longchuan) 老鼠
Senai (Huiyang) 老鼠
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 老鼠
Singkawang 老鼠
Huizhou Jixi 老鼠
Shexian 老鼠, 尖嘴
Huangshan (Tunxi) 老鼠
Xiuning 老伯
Yixian 老鼠
Qimen 老鼠
Wuyuan 老鼠
Fuliang 老鼠
Dexing 老鼠
Jin Taiyuan 老鼠, 𪕸兒, 耗子
Taiyuan (Jiancaoping) 老鼠
Taiyuan (Jinyuan) 毛𪕸兒, 老鼠
Qingxu 毛𪕸兒, 𪕸兒
Loufan 老鼠
Jinzhong (Taigu) 老鼠
Pingyao 𪕸兒
Heshun 老鼠
Qixian 老鼠
Yangyuan 耗子
Datong 耗子
Tianzhen 耗子
Guangling 耗子
Suozhou 耗子
Shanyin 耗子
Pingding 老鼠
Xinzhou 𪕸兒, 耗子
Wutai 𪕸子, 耗子
Daixian 耗子
Wuzhai 耗子
Lüliang (Lishi) 老鼠, 𪕸兒, 旮旯兒家
Shilou 老鼠
Fenyang 𪕸兒, 毛𪕸兒
Lanxian 老鼠
Linxian 旮旯家
Wenshui 𪕸兒
Xiaoyi 𪕸兒
Fenxi 旮旯裡家
Xixian 老鼠
Changzhi 老鼠, 耗子, 老耗子
Taibus (Baochang) 耗子
Linhe 老鼠, 耗子
Pingshun 老耗子
Zhangzi 老耗子
Qinxian 旮旯家
Jincheng 老鼠
Lingchuan 缸旮旯
Yangcheng 老鼠
Gaoping 老鼠
Jining 老鼠, 耗子
Hohhot 老鼠, 耗子
Baotou 老鼠
Dongsheng 老鼠
Haibowan 老鼠
Erenhot 老鼠, 耗子
Pingshan 老鼠
Zhangjiakou 老鼠, 耗子
Handan 老鼠, 耗子
Linzhou 老鼠
Suide 老鼠
Shenmu 老鼠
Northern Min Jian'ou 老鼠
Jian'ou (Dikou) 老鼠
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 老鼠
Pucheng (Shibei) 老鼠
Eastern Min Fuzhou 老鼠, 尖尖喙 euphemistic
Fuzhou (Changle) 老鼠
Fuqing 老鼠
Ningde 老鼠
Matsu 老鼠
Southern Min Xiamen 鳥鼠, 鼠
Xiamen (Tong'an) 鳥鼠
Quanzhou 老鼠, 鼠
Jinjiang 老鼠
Shishi 老鼠
Zhangzhou 鳥鼠, 鼠
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 鳥鼠
Pinghe 鳥鼠
Yunxiao 貓鼠
Zhao'an 貓鼠
Dongshan 貓鼠
Taipei 鳥鼠
New Taipei (Tamsui) 鳥鼠
New Taipei (Sanxia) 鳥鼠
New Taipei (Pingxi) 鳥鼠
Kaohsiung 鳥鼠
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 鳥鼠
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 鳥鼠
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 鳥鼠
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 鳥鼠
Yilan 鳥鼠, 鳥鼠仔
Yilan (Luodong) 鳥鼠
Yilan (Toucheng) 鳥鼠
Changhua (Lukang) 鳥鼠
Changhua (Yongjing) 貓鼠
Taichung 鳥鼠
Taichung (Wuqi) 鳥鼠
Tainan 鳥鼠仔, 鳥鼠
Tainan (Anping) 鳥鼠
Taitung 鳥鼠
Hsinchu 鳥鼠
Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) 貓鼠
Kinmen 鳥鼠
Penghu (Magong) 鳥鼠
Penghu (Xiyu) 鳥鼠
Penang (Hokkien) 鳥鼠
Singapore (Hokkien) 鳥鼠
Manila (Hokkien) 老鼠
Longyan 老鼠
Zhangping 老鼠
Zhangping (Yongfu) 老鼠
Datian 鼠母
Pingnan (Shangdu) 老鼠
Chaozhou 貓鼠
Shantou 貓鼠
Shantou (Chenghai) 貓鼠
Shantou (Chaoyang) 貓鼠
Jieyang 貓鼠
Haifeng 貓鼠
Bangkok (Teochew) 貓鼠
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 貓鼠
Singapore (Teochew) 貓鼠
Wenchang 貓鼠, 老鼠
Haikou 貓鼠
Qionghai 貓鼠
Puxian Min Putian 廬鼠
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 廬鼠
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 廬鼠
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 廬鼠
Xianyou 廬鼠
Xianyou (Fengting) 廬鼠
Xianyou (Youyang) 廬鼠
Central Min Yong'an 老鼠
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 老鼠
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 老鼠
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 老鼠
Nanning (Shajing) 老鼠
Binyang (Xinqiao) 老鼠
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 老鼠子
Shehua Fu'an 老鼠
Fuding 老鼠
Luoyuan 老鼠
Sanming 老鼠
Shunchang 老鼠
Hua'an 老鼠
Guixi (Zhangping) 老鼠
Cangnan 老鼠
Jingning (Hexi) 老鼠
Lishui 老鼠
Longyou 老鼠
Chaozhou 老鼠
Fengshun 老鼠
Waxiang Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 老鼠
Wu Shanghai 老蟲
Shanghai (Songjiang) 老蟲, 老鼠
Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong) 老鼠, 老蟲
Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) 老鼠, 老蟲
Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) 老蟲
Shanghai (Chongming) 老鼠, 老蟲
Suzhou 老蟲, 老鼠, 夜裡大人 humorous
Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang) 老蟲
Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) 老鼠, 老蟲
Wuxi 老蟲
Changshu 老蟲
Kunshan 老蟲
Nantong (Haimen) 老鼠
Jiaxing 老鼠
Changzhou 老鼠
Liyang 老鼠
Yixing 老鼠
Danyang 老鼠
Danyang (Tongjiaqiao) 老鼠
Jingjiang 老鼠
Jiangyin 老鼠, 老蟲
Nanjing (Gaochun) 老鼠
Huzhou (Shuanglin) 老蟲
Hangzhou 老鼠
Shaoxing 老鼠
Zhuji (Wangjiajing) 老鼠
Shengzhou (Chongren) 老鼠
Shengzhou (Taiping) 老鼠
Ningbo 老鼠
Yuyao 老鼠
Taizhou (Huangyan) 老鼠
Wenzhou 老鼠
Quzhou 老鼠
Jinhua 老鼠
Yongkang 老鼠
Xiang Changsha 老鼠子, 高客 dated, euphemistic, 高客子 dated, euphemistic
Xiangtan 老鼠子
Xiangxiang 老鼠子
Loudi 老鼠子
Shuangfeng 老鼠子, 高客 euphemistic
Hengyang 老鼠子, 耗子
Quanzhou 老鼠
Xiangnan Tuhua Jiangyong 鼠, 老鼠
Dong'an 老鼠
Yuebei Tuhua Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang) 老鼠
Shaoguan (Xiangyang, Xihe, Wujiang) 老鼠
Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang) 老鼠
Renhua (Zhoutian) 老鼠
Renhua (Shitang) 老鼠
Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou) 老鼠
Lechang (Changlai) 老鼠
Lechang (Beixiang) 老鼠
Lechang (Huangpu) 老鼠
Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi) 老鼠
Lechang (Sanxi) 老鼠

Compounds

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See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • “鼠”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “鼠”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 140.

Japanese

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Shinjitai

鼡

Kyūjitai

鼠

Kanji

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鼠

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 鼡)

  1. mouse, rat, other similar rodent

Readings

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  • Go-on: しょ (sho)←しよ (syo, historical)
  • Kan-on: しょ (sho)←しよ (syo, historical)
  • Kan’yō-on: そ (so)
  • Kun: ねずみ (nezumi, 鼠)、ねず (nezu, 鼠)、ね (ne, 鼠)

Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 1

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
鼠 (nezumi): a mouse, as a smaller example of a nezumi.
鼠 (nezumi): a rat, as a larger example of a nezumi.
鼠 (nezumi): a member of family Muroidea: a common vole.
 
鼠 (nezumi) → 鼠色 (nezumi-iro, literally “mouse color”): the color grey.
Kanji in this term
鼠
ねずみ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Originally a compound of 根 (ne, “root”, more specifically signifying somewhere hidden away) +‎ 住み (sumi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 住む sumu, “to live in a place, to reside”), meaning roughly “one who lives in hidden places”. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) The sumi changes to zumi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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鼠(ねずみ) or 鼠(ネズミ) • (nezumi) 

  1. a mouse or a rat
    Synonym: (Kagoshima) ねずん (nezun)
    • 1993 November 15 [1989 August 25], “○動(どう)物(ぶつ)のお医(い)者(しゃ)さん　登(とう)場(じょう)人(じん)物(ぶつ)紹(しょう)介(かい) [○ The Veterinarian: Character Intro]”, in 動物のお医者さん [The Veterinarian], 44th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Hakusensha, →ISBN, page 7:
      二(に)階(かい)堂(どう)：ハムテルの友(ゆう)人(じん)で獣(じゅう)医(い)の卵(たまご)。だがネズミに弱(よわ)いという弱(じゃく)点(てん)がある。
      Nikaidō: Hamuteru no yūjin de jūi no tamago. Daga nezumi ni yowai to iu jakuten ga aru.
      Nikaidō: Hamuteru’s friend, who’s also a future veterinarian. One of his weaknesses, however, is being frightened of rats and mice.
    • 1999 May 25, “イビル・ラット [Evil Rat]”, in Booster 2, Konami:
      どんな物(もの)にでもかじりつく、行(ぎょう)儀(ぎ)の悪(わる)い野(の)ネズミ。
      Donna mono ni demo kajiritsuku, gyōgi no warui nonezumi.
      A feral rat evil-doer that can bite through anything.
    • 1999 September 23, “鎧(よろい)ネズミ [Armored Rat]”, in Vol.5, Konami:
      鎧(よろい)のようにかたい毛(け)で体(からだ)を守(まも)ることができるネズミ。
      Yoroi no yō ni katai ke de karada o mamoru koto ga dekiru nezumi.
      A rat capable of defending itself with a coat that functions as armor.
    • 2007 November 20 [2006 March 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “「スパルタ式(しき)にが手(て)こくふく錠(じょう)」と「にが手(て)タッチバトン」 [“Extreme Conquer-Your-Weakness Pill” and “Weakness Touch Baton”]”, in ドラえもん＋(プラス) [Doraemon+], 4th edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, pages 11–12:
      ごめんください。
      Gomen kudasai.
      May I come in?
      ネズミ年(どし)の人(ひと)ですか？
      Nezumidoshi no hito desu ka?
      Were you born in a Rat year?
      サル年(どし)ですが。
      Sarudoshi desu ga.
      I was born in a Monkey year.
      じゃ　おはいりください。
      Ja ohairi kudasai.
      Please come in then.
      わたくし、根(ね)住(ずみ)ともうします。
      Watakushi, Nezumi to mōshimasu.
      But my name is Nezumi.
  2. general term for members of superfamily Muroidea, including mice, rats, voles, hamsters, gerbils, and other similar rodents
  3. short for 鼠色 (nezumi iro): the colour grey, sometimes more specifically a dark grey colour
Usage notes
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  • Japanese does not generally distinguish between mice and rats, and both are commonly called nezumi. If a distinction is needed, speakers may use the adjectives 大きい (ōkii, “large”) or 小さい (chīsai, “small”), or may use the word マウス (mausu, “mouse”, borrowed from either German or English).
  • This term is often spelled in hiragana.
  • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ネズミ.
  • Note that, although the Japanese term 子年 (​nezumidoshi, ​nedoshi) for The Year of the Rat in the Chinese zodiac does derive from this same nezumi term, it is not written with this 鼠 kanji.
Derived terms
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Derived terms

Further reading

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  • "Nezumi" entry at 日本辞典 (Nihon Jiten, “Japan Dictionary”)
  • "Nezumi entry at 語源由来辞典 (Gogen Yurai Jiten, “Etymology Derivation Dictionary”)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
鼠
ねず
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Abbreviation of nezumi. Used in some compounds.[3][1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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鼠(ねず) • (nezu) 

  1. a mouse, a rat
Derived terms
[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
鼠
ね
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Abbreviation of nezumi. Used in some compounds.[3][1]

Pronunciation

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  • The pitch accent is determined by the entire compounded term.

Noun

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鼠(ね) • (ne) 

  1. a mouse, a rat
Derived terms
[edit]
Derived terms

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 鼠 (MC syoX). Recorded as Middle Korean 셔〮 (syé) (Yale: syé) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰɘ(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [서(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

鼠 (eumhun 쥐 서 (jwi seo))

  1. hanja form? of 서 (“mouse; rat”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Okinawan

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Kanji

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鼠

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
鼠
えんちゅ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Kanji in this term
鼠
ゑんちゅ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Kanji in this term
鼠
っゑんちゅ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Compound of 親 (っゑー, 'wee, “parent”) +‎ ん (“n”, reduced genitive particle) +‎ 人 (ちゅ, -chu, “person”)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [(ʔ)(ʷ)en̩t͡ɕu]

Noun

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鼠(っゑんちゅ) or 鼠(ゑんちゅ) or 鼠(えんちゅ) ('wenchu or wenchu or enchu) 

  1. mouse, rat

References

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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鼠: Hán Nôm readings: thử, thửu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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