大きい

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term
おお
Grade: 1
kun'yomi
See also 大きな

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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/opoki//oɸoki//oɸokiki//owokiː//oːkiː/

Appears in the Muromachi period, 1337 to 1573 CE.[1]

From older adjective (おお) (ōki, ancient reading opoki), derived as the attributive form ōki (ancient opoki) of cognate adjective ōshi (ancient oposi; attributive opoki appearing already in the Man'yōshū of 759 CE,[2] meaning both “large” or “many”, spelled as (おお) (ōshi) or (おお) (ōshi), modern Japanese (おお) (ōi, many)), in turn derived from Old Japanese adjective opo (“indistinct; of uncertain size, shape, or amount”; read as ō in modern Japanese, spelled as or ).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of 「大きい
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 大きく おきく
おき
[óꜜòkìkù]
[òókíꜜkù]
Terminal (終止形) 大きい おき [òókíꜜì]
Attributive (連体形) 大きい おき [òókíꜜì]
Key constructions
Informal negative 大きくない おきくない
おきくない
[óꜜòkìkùnàì]
[òókíꜜkùnàì]
Informal past 大きかった おきかった
おきかった
[óꜜòkìkàttà]
[òókíꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past 大きくなかった おきくなかった
おきくなかった
[óꜜòkìkùnàkàttà]
[òókíꜜkùnàkàttà]
Formal 大きいです おきいです [òókíꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive 大きくて おきくて
おきくて
[óꜜòkìkùtè]
[òókíꜜkùtè]
Conditional 大きければ おきければ
おきければ
[óꜜòkìkèrèbà]
[òókíꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective

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(おお)きい (ōkiiおほきい (ofokii)?-i (adverbial (おお)きく (ōkiku))

  1. big
  2. broad, immense
  3. important; crucial
    • 2020 December 3, 中舘尚人, “災害対応と不確実性のマネジメント:第1回 “ウィズ不確実性”の時代”, in 経済産業研究所 [The Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry]‎[1]:
      [] チリ政府(せいふ)政治(せいじ)リスクを(おか)して、結果(けっか)約束(やくそく)したのは(おお)きい
      [] chiri seifu ga seiji risuku o okashite, kekka o yakusoku shita no wa ōkii.
      (please add an English translation of this example)

Usage notes

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(おお)きい (ōkii) and (おお)きな (ōkina) are essentially the same word. However, while ōkii can be used both attributively and to end a sentence, ōkina can only be used attributively, and must be followed by a noun or noun phrase.

  • Correct grammar:
    あの(くるま)(おお)きい。/ あの(くるま)(おお)きいです
    Ano kuruma wa ōkii./ Ano kuruma wa ōkii desu.
    That car is big.
  • Incorrect grammar:
    あの(くるま)(おお)きな。/ あの(くるま)(おお)きなです。
    Ano kuruma wa ōkina./ Ano kuruma wa ōkina desu.
    *That car is a big __.

(おお)きな (ōkina) can only be used attributively; a noun always follows it.

Inflection

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Synonyms

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Antonyms

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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^
    c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 3, poem 339:
    , text here
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN