大きな

Japanese

/opoki/ → /oɸoki/ → /oɸoki na/ → /owoki na/ → /oːki na/

Appears starting from the Muromachi period (室(むろ)町(まち)時(じ)代(だい) (Muromachi jidai), c. 1336–1573). Derived as the -na adjective construction of -i adjective 大(おお)きい (ōkii, “big, great”), which see for more.

大(おお)きな • (ōkina) ^{←おほきな (ofokina)^?}

Only used to modify a noun attributively. In all other uses, only 大(おお)きい (ōkii) may be used; for example,
*大(おお)きだ。 ― Ōki da. ― It is big. (predicative use)

*大(おお)きに見(み)える。 ― Ōki ni mieru. ― It looks big. (adverbial use)

are incorrect, and must be

大(おお)きい。 ― Ōkii. ― It is big.

大(おお)きく見(み)える。 ― Ōkiku mieru. ― It looks big.
See 小(ちい)さな (chīsana) and 可笑(おか)しな (okashina), which have the same rules of use.

/oːkina/ → /okːina/

Sound shift from ōkina. First attested in popular literature of the early 1800s.^[4]

大(おっ)きな • (okkina) ^{←おつきな (otukina)^?}

[from early 1800s] (regional) alternative form of 大きな (ōkina, “big, large”) (all senses)

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 [New NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ “大っきな”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006