龍

See also: 龙 and 竜

Translingual

Stroke order

shinjitai	竜
simplified	龙
traditional	龍

Etymology

Originally a serpent with prominent whiskered mouth and eyes, alternatively interpreted (in oracle script) as a crown (王).

Current form developed in large seal script, with serpent’s body on right (tail at upper right, legs on right), whiskered/fanged mouth at lower left, and eyes/crown at upper left. Left side was subsequently simplified and abstracted, with some influence of 立 and ⺼/月. Note that 竜 existed as a traditional variant dating back to large seal script, and figures a dragon seen face-on, rather than curled around.

Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Han character

龍 (radical 212 龍+0, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜月卜尸心 (YBYSP), four-corner 0121₁)

Derived characters

• Index:Chinese radical/龍
• 瓏, 蘢, 嚨, 籠, 㰍, 櫳, 曨, 朧, 寵, 襱, 礱, 瀧, 豅, 聾, 蠪, 壟, 隴, 襲

Descendants

• 竜 龙

References

• KangXi: page 1536, character 33
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48818
• Dae Jaweon: page 2076, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4803, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9F8D

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Chinese

		-
trad.		龍
simp.		龙

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lóng (long²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lung⁴
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): lîung
• Min Nan (POJ): lîng / gîng / long / liông
• Wu (WT Romanisation): lon (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: lóng
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄥˊ
    • Wade-Giles: lung²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: long
    • IPA ^(key): /lʊŋ³⁵/

    • (file)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: lung⁴
    • Yale: lùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lung⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /lʊŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lîung
    • IPA (Siyen, including Miaoli): /li̯uŋ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lîng / gîng / long / liông
    • Tâi-lô: lîng / gîng / long / liông
    • IPA (Taipei): /liŋ²³/, /giŋ²³/, /lɔŋ⁴⁴/, /liɔŋ²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liŋ¹³/, /giŋ¹³/, /lɔŋ³⁴/, /liɔŋ¹³/
  • Note: lîng, gîng, long - vernacular, liông - literary.
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • WT Romanisation: lon (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /lʊŋ²³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (龍, reconstructed)
Character (龍), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 來 (37) Final: 鍾 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 力鍾切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/lɨoŋ/	/li̯woŋ/	/lioŋ/	/lioŋ/	/luawŋ/	/lĭwoŋ/	/lioŋ/

Old Chinese pronunciation (龍, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
龍								lóng								‹ ljowng ›								/*[mə]-roŋ/								dragon
龍								máng								‹ mæwng ›								/*mˤroŋ/								variegated
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
龍					8436					龍					東					0					龍					/*b·roŋ/

Definitions

龍

1. dragon
2. symbolic of the emperor

Compounds

Derived terms

• 恐龍／恐龙

• 龍井／龙井

• 龍卷風／龙卷风

• 龍口／龙口

• 龍口奪糧／龙口夺粮

• 龍口奪食／龙口夺食

• 龍吟虎嘯／龙吟虎啸

• 龍套／龙套

• 龍宮／龙宫

• 龍山文化／龙山文化

• 龍涎香／龙涎香

• 龍潭虎穴／龙潭虎穴

• 龍燈／龙灯

• 龍爭虎鬥／龙争虎斗

• 龍牙草／龙牙草

• 龍王／龙王

• 龍王廟／龙王庙

• 龍生九子／龙生九子

• 龍盤虎踞／龙盘虎踞

• 龍眼／龙眼

• 龍肝鳳膽／龙肝凤胆

• 龍腦樹／龙脑树

• 龍膽／龙胆

• 龍膽紫／龙胆紫

• 龍舌草／龙舌草

• 龍舌蘭／龙舌兰

• 龍舞／龙舞

• 龍舟／龙舟

• 龍船／龙船

• 龍蛇混雜／龙蛇混杂

• 龍蛇飛動／龙蛇飞动

• 龍蛇飛舞／龙蛇飞舞

• 龍蝦／龙虾

• 龍行虎步／龙行虎步

• 龍袍／龙袍

• 龍鍾／龙钟

• 龍門／龙门

• 龍門刨／龙门刨

• 龍門吊／龙门吊

• 龍門陣／龙门阵

• 龍須草／龙须草

• 龍須菜／龙须菜

• 龍須面／龙须面

• 龍頭／龙头

• 龍頭蛇尾／龙头蛇尾

• 龍飛鳳舞／龙飞凤舞

• 龍馬精神／龙马精神

• 龍騰虎躍／龙腾虎跃

• 龍驤虎步／龙骧虎步

• 龍體／龙体

• 龍鳳餅／龙凤饼

References

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Noun

龍 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 竜, hiragana たつ, romaji tatsu)

1. dragon
   • 931-938, Wamyō Ruijushō (book 8 page 1)

     龍 文字集畧云、龍、力鍾反、太都、○下總本有和名二字、神代紀齋明紀同訓、按太都 [...]

龍 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 竜, hiragana りゅう, romaji ryū)

1. dragon

Proper noun

龍 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 竜, hiragana りゅう, romaji Ryū)

1. A male given name
2. A surname​.

Kanji

龍

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• On: りゅう (ryū), ろう (rō)
• Kun: たつ (tatsu)

Usage notes

Kyūjitai; simplified into 竜 as isolated shinjitai kanji, but used in Jōyō characters 襲 and 籠 (latter Jōyō as of 2010).

References

• 1968 March 2 [931-938], Shitagō Minamoto; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu, Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, ISBN 4-653-00507-9:

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Korean

Hanja

龍 (ryong, yong, rong, nong, mang, chong) (hangeul 룡, 용, 롱, 농, 망, 총, McCune-Reischauer ryong, yong, rong, nong, mang, ch'ong, Yale lyong, yong, long, nong, mang, chong)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

龍 (long)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.