kami

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See also: Kami, kāmi, and kāmī

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
A painting depicting Amaterasu, an important female kami in the Shinto religion.

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Japanese 神 (kami, “god, spirit, deity”).

Noun[edit]

kami (plural kamis or kami)

  1. (religion, Shinto) An animistic God or spirit in the Shinto religion of Japan.
  2. (philosophy) The metaphysical causal generator of motion, life, or divinish aura.
Translations[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Two sheets of kami for origami, and a traditional origami crane.

Borrowed from Japanese 紙 (kami, “paper”).

Noun[edit]

kami (plural kami)

  1. (papercraft) A basic origami paper, usually printed with a colour or pattern on one side.
Translations[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Aklanon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Alangan[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

kamí

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Amis[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Austronesian *kami. Compare Malay kami (“we”).

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

See also[edit]

Amis personal pronouns
Person Singular Plural
1st — kako kami / kita
inclusive kami
exclusive kita / kami
2nd — kiso kamo
3rd — ciira caira

Bikol Central[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/, [kaˈmi]
  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi

Pronoun[edit]

kamí (Basahan spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)
    Nagtatrabaho kami sa sarong kompanya. Ika?
    We work at a company. You?

See also[edit]

Bikol Central personal pronouns
Person Number Absolute (ang) Ergative (sa) Oblique (sa)
Length Full Short Full Short
First singular ako ko sakuya, sako, saako
plural inclusive kita nyato ta satuya, sato, saato
plural exclusive kami nyamo mi samuya, samo, kanamo, saamo
Second singular ika ka mo saimo, simo,kanimo
plural kamo nindo saindo, kaninyo, sainyo
Third singular siya, iya niya saiya, kaniya
plural sinda ninda sainda, kanila


Cebuano[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi
  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/, [kʌˈmi]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun[edit]

kamí (Badlit spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. we; us (1st person plural exclusive absolutive form)
See also[edit]
Cebuano personal pronouns
Person Number Absolute (ang/si) Ergative (sa/ni) Ergative (preposed) Oblique (sa/og)
Length Full Short Full Short Full Full Short
First singular ako ko* nako ko ako/akoa kanako nako
plural inclusive kita ta nato ta ato/atoa kanato nato
plural exclusive kami mi namo mo amo/amoa kanamo namo
Second singular ikaw ka nimo mo imo/imoha kanimo nimo
plural kamo ka ninyo inyo/inyoha kaninyo ninyo
Third singular siya niya iya/iyaha kaniya niya
plural sila nila ila/ilaha kanila nila
*Ta is used over ko where the object is a second-person singular pronoun.


Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Giangan kami.

Noun[edit]

kamí (Badlit spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. (Davao) Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni)

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Audio(file)

Noun[edit]

kami m (plural kami)

  1. kami (spirit)

Further reading[edit]

Hiligaynon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi
  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/, [kaˈmi]

Pronoun[edit]

kamí

  1. we (exclusive)

Iban[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Indonesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Malay kami, from Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we (exclusive); I and other(s) but not those I am addressing
    Kami sudah pergi ke pasar. ― We have been to the market.
    • 1966, National Pledge of Singapore
      Kami, warganegara Singapura,
      sebagai rakyat yang bersatu padu,
      tidak kira apa bangsa, bahasa, atau ugama […]
      We, the citizens of Singapore,
      pledge ourselves as one united people,
      regardless of race, language or religion […]
  2. we: the speaker/writer alone. (This use of we is the editorial we, used by writers and others, including royalty—the royal we—as a less personal substitute for I. The reflexive case of this sense of we is ourself.)
  3. us (exclusive); me and other(s) but not those I am addressing
    Ibu: "Kamu sekalian sudah di mandi?"
    Anak-anak: "Kami?"
    Mother: "Have you all bathed yet?"
    Children: "Us?"
  4. our (exclusive); my and of other(s) but not of those I am addressing
    Adalah cicak besar di dinding kamar hotel kami: tolong bantu di ambil. ― There is a big gecko in our hotel room: please help have it removed.
  5. ours (if used with milik, kepunyaan, etc.)
    Hak Milik tanah bangsa Indonesia hanya untuk kami sekalian. ― It is only we [Indonesians] who have the right to own this Indonesian land.

Synonyms[edit]

Indonesian first-person pronouns:

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Inonhan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we; us (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

kami

  1. Rōmaji transcription of かみ

Javanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

kami

  1. Romanization of ꦏꦩꦶ.

Malay[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

kami (Jawi spelling کامي‎)

  1. we, us, our (exclusive of the person spoken to)
  2. I, me, my

Synonyms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

  • kita (inclusive of the person spoken to)

Descendants[edit]

  • Indonesian: kami

See also[edit]

Malay personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person standard saya / ساي‎
aku/ku- / اکو‎ / كو-‎ (informal/towards God)
-ku / -كو‎ (informal possessive)
hamba / همبا‎ (dated) 		kami / کامي‎ (exclusive)
kita orang / كيت اورڠ‎ (informal exclusive)
kita / کيت‎ (inclusive)
royal beta / بيتا‎
2nd person standard kamu / کامو‎
anda / اندا‎ (formal)
engkau/kau- / اڠکاو‎/ كاو-‎ (informal/towards God)
awak / اوق‎ (friendly/older towards younger)
-mu / -مو‎ (possessive) 		awak semua / کاليان‎
kamu semua / كامو سموا‎
kalian / کاليان‎ (informal)
kau orang / كاو اورڠ‎ (informal)
royal tuanku / توانكو‎
3rd person standard dia / دي‎
ia / اي‎
beliau / بلياو‎ (honorific)
-nya / -ڽ‎ (possessive) 		mereka / مريک‎
dia orang / دي اورڠ‎ (informal)
royal baginda / بݢيندا‎

Further reading[edit]

Mansaka[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Maranao[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Musi[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we (exclusive); I and other(s) but not those I am addressing
  2. we: the speaker/writer alone. (This use of we is the editorial we, used by writers and others, including royalty—the royal we—as a less personal substitute for I. The reflexive case of this sense of we is ourself.)
  3. us (exclusive); me and other(s) but not those I am addressing
  4. our (exclusive); my and of other(s) but not of those I am addressing
  5. ours

Related terms[edit]

Ratagnon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun[edit]

kamí

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Sakizaya[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kamy, preserving the reflex of word-final */y/, which was lost in standard words kȃm and kȁmēn.

Noun[edit]

kami m (Cyrillic spelling ками)

  1. (regional, obsolete) stone

References[edit]

  • Skok, Petar (1972), “kami”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 2 (K – poni¹), Zagreb: JAZU, page 26

Tagalog[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi
  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/, [kɐˈmi]
  • IPA(key): /kaˈme/, [kɐˈmɛ] (colloquial)
  • Audio(file)

Pronoun[edit]

kamí (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)
    Nagtatrabaho kami sa isang kumpanya. Ikaw?
    We work at a company. You?

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Tagalog personal pronouns
Person Number Direct (ang) Indirect (ng) Oblique (sa)
First singular ako ko akin
dual* kita, kata nita, nata, ta kanita, kanata, ata
plural inclusive tayo natin atin
plural exclusive kami namin amin
First & Second singular kita**
Second singular ikaw, ka mo iyo
plural kayo, kamo ninyo, niyo inyo
Third singular siya niya kaniya
plural sila nila kanila
* First person dual pronouns are not commonly used.
** Replaces "ko ikaw".

Further reading[edit]

Tausug[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun[edit]

kamí

  1. we (exclusive)

West Albay Bikol[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun[edit]

kamí

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Yogad[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun[edit]

kami

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)
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