神

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Translingual[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 礻 (“altar”) + phonetic 申 (“praying man”) – praying before an altar.

Han character[edit]

神 (radical 113 示+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈火中田中 (IFLWL), four-corner 3520₆, composition ⿰礻申)

Noun[edit]

神

spirit, god, supernatural being

References[edit]

KangXi: page 842, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24673
Dae Jaweon: page 1261, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2392, character 1
Unihan data for U+795E

Cantonese[edit]

Hanzi[edit]

神 (Yale san4)

god, supernatural (spiritual) deity

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 神

神

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

On: しん (shin), じん (jin)
Kun: かみ (kami), かむ (kamu), かむい (kamui), かむ-ぶ (kamu-bu), かん-ぶ (kan-bu), こう (kou), かん (kan), み (mi)
Nanori: か (ka), かぐ (kagu), かな (kana), かも (kamo), くま (kuma), こ (ko), こは (koha), だま (dama), み (mi)

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

別天津神 (kotoama tsukami): distinguished heavenly gods
天神 (てんじん, tenjin): heavenly god/spirit/being
風神 (ふうじん, fūjin): wind god
雷神 (らいじん, raijin): thunder god
雷神鳥 (らいじんちょう, raijinchō): a thunderbird
土神 (どじん, dojin): earth god
水神 (すいじん, suijin): water god
火神 (かじん, kajin): fire god
竜神 (りゅうじん, ryūjin): dragon god
軍神 (ぐんしん, gunshin): war god
神仙 (しんせん, shinsen): supernatural or celestial being
神明 (しんめい, shinmei)
神罰 (しんばつ, shinbatsu): divine punishment; judgement of god
神意 (しんい, shin'i): divine will; will of god
神威 (しんい, shin'i; かむい, kamui): divine dignity/might; dignity/might of god
神像 (しんぞう, shinzō): statue, idol, image
神韻 (しんいん, shin'in)
神格 (しんかく, shinkaku)
神学 (しんがく, shingaku): theology
神楽 (かぐら, kagura): god entertainment — theatrical temple dances
神官 (しんかん, shinkan): Shinto priest
神器 (じんき, jinki; じんぎ, jingi): sacred treasures
神曲 (しんきょく, shinkyoku): divina commedia
神経 (しんけい, shinkei): (anatomy): nerve
神権 (しんけん, shinken): divine right; divine authority
付喪神 (つくもがみ, tsukumogami): an artifact spirit, the spirit of a tool
守護神 (しゅごしん, shugoshin): tutelary or guardian deity
神明 (しんめい, shinmei): a deity; divine light
神事: a Shinto ritual (multiple possible readings given below)
- かみごと, kamigoto
- かみわざ, kamiwaza
- かむごと, kamugoto
- かむわざ, kamuwaza
- かんごと, kangoto
- かんわざ, kanwaza
- しんじ, shinji
- じんじ, jinji

式神: shikigami
犬神 (いぬがみ, inugami): a dog spirit
神札 (しんさつ, shinsatsu): ofuda placed at a Shinto shrine
神社 (じんじゃ, jinja): shrine, (especially a Shinto shrine)
神髄 (しんずい, shinzui)
神魂 (しんこん, shinkon): state of mind; mind
神気 (かみけ, kamike; しんき, shinki): divine energy/aura
神話 (しんわ, shinwa): myth, legend, folklore, fairy tale
神聖 (しんせい, shinsei): holiness
神体 (しんたい, shintai)
神託 (しんたく, shintaku): oracle
神通 (じんずう jinzū): divine or special talent
神通力 (じんずうりき, jinzūriki): supernatural force/power/energy
神殿 (かみどの, kamidono; かむとの, kamutono; かんどの, kandono; しんでん, shinden): Shintō shrine
神道 (しんとう, shintō): Shinto
神秘 (しんぴ, shinpi): divine mystery, mystical
神父 (しんぷ, shinpu): father; priest (Catholic or Orthodox)
神霊 (しんれい, shinrei): divine spirit
神様 (かみさま, kamisama): honorable god
神風 (かみかぜ, kamikaze): divine wind
神雷 (しんらい, shinrai): divine thunder
神水 (しんすい, shinsui; しんずい, shinzui): divine water
神火 (しんか, shinka): divine flame
神主 (かむぬし, kamunushi; かんぬし, kannushi; こうぬし, kōnushi; しんしゅ, shinshu): Shintō priest
神子 (みこ, miko): a Shintō shrine maiden
神業 (かみわざ, kamiwaza)
女神 (めがみ, megami): female god; a goddess
男神 (おとこがみ, otokogami): a male god
祖神 (おやがみ, oyagami; そしん, soshin): spirit of an ancestor
半神 (はんしん, hanshin): demigod, one who is of mixed divine and human/mortal heritage
神降 (かみおろし, kamioroshi): an avatar
神酒 (しんしゅ, shinshu): ambrosia
神木 (しんぼく, shinboku): a sacred tree
神無月 (かんなづき, kan'nazuki: (archaic) the tenth month of the lunar calendar
神霊 (しんれい, shinrei): gods; deities; divinities; spirits

Etymology 1[edit]

/kami₂/ *[kamɨ] → /kami/ [kami]

From Old Japanese. Not related to 上 (/kami₁/, “up”) or 髪 (/kami₁/, “hair”). Often appears in compounds as /kamu/　(modern /kaɴ/), indicating that /kami/ is a bound or fused form deriving from */kamu.i/. Note that this final i may be the Old Japanese emphatic nominative particle い (i), likely cognate with Korean nominative particle 이 (i). Such fusion has occurred in other Japanese terms, such as 目 (me, “eye”, from ma + i) or 酒 (sake, “saké, liquor”, from saka + i).

Compare Ainu カムイ (kamuy, “god”), also present in compounds like カムイモシㇼ (kamuy mosir, “land of the gods”).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ka.mi/, [ka̱mi]

Noun[edit]

神 (hiragana かみ, romaji kami)

god
- 1603–1604: Nippo Jisho (page 85)
  
  Cami. カミ (神) 日本のゼンチヨ (gentios 異教徒)が尊崇する神(Cami).
spirit (compare 精霊 spirit)
thunder (compare 雷 thunder)

Derived terms[edit]

国つ神 (くにつかみ, kunitsukami): an indigenous or local god; an earth-spirit

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Japanese. Cognate with 御 (mi, honorific prefix, originally used to refer to gods and other high-status things).

Noun[edit]

神 (hiragana み, romaji mi)

spirit, god

Alternative forms[edit]

霊

Derived terms[edit]

海神 (わたつみ, wata tsu mi): god or spirit of the sea
山祇 (やまつみ, yama tsu mi): god or spirit of the mountain (although spelled with a different kanji, the mi here is the same as 神 mi)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

神 (sin) (hangeul [[신]], revised sin, McCune-Reischauer sin, Yale sin)

Mandarin[edit]

simpl. and trad.
神

Pronunciation[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

神 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin Shén)

God
- John 1.1
  
  太初有道，道与神同在，道就是神。
  
  Taìchū yǒu Dào, Dào yǔ Shén tóngzaì, Dào jiùshì Shén.
  
  In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
- Genesis 1.3
  
  神說，要有光，就有了光。
  
  神说，要有光，就有了光。
  
  Shén shuō, yào yǒu guāng, jiù yǒu le guāng.
  
  God said, Let there be light: and there was light.

Hanzi[edit]

神 (Pinyin shēn (shen1), shén (shen2), Wade-Giles shen¹, shen²)

Compounds[edit]

Middle Chinese[edit]

Han character[edit]

神 (*jhin)

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

神 (thần)

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