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liquor

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: liqueur

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle English licour, from Anglo-Norman licour, from Latin liquor (“fluidity, liquidness, a fluid, a liquid”), from liquere (“to be fluid or liquid”); see liquid. Doublet of liqueur.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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liquor (countable and uncountable, plural liquors)

  1. (obsolete) A liquid, a fluid.
  2. (obsolete) A beverage, any drinkable liquid.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:beverage
  3. A liquid obtained by cooking meat or vegetables (or both).
    Synonyms: stock, (American English) pot liquor, broth, bouillon
  4. (UK, cooking) A parsley sauce commonly served with traditional pies and mash.
  6. (chiefly US, Canada, Australia) Strong (high-ABV) alcoholic drink derived from fermentation and distillation.
    Synonyms: spirits, booze (narrow sense), hard liquor, hard drink (narrow sense), strong drink (narrow sense), aqua vitae, water of life
    Hypernyms: liquor (broad sense), booze (broad sense), adult beverage, hard drink (broad sense), strong drink (broad sense), drink (narrow sense) < beverage, drink (broad sense)
    Coordinate terms: malt liquor, beer, ale, wine, wine cooler
    • 1879, Chas. McArmor, The New Handbook of Vienna […] ‎[1], 2nd edition, Otto Maass, page 106:
      Here the proprietor has had the good sense of holding on to the good old fashion of giving his customers their moneyworth of good wines and liquors.
  8. (loosely) Any alcoholic beverage.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:alcoholic beverage
  9. In process industry, a liquid in which a desired reaction takes place, e.g. pulping liquor is a mixture of chemicals and water which breaks wood into its components, thus facilitating the extraction of cellulose.
  10. A liquid in which something has been steeped.

Derived terms

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Translations

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It has been requested that this entry be merged with spirits(+).

Verb

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liquor (third-person singular simple present liquors, present participle liquoring, simple past and past participle liquored)

  1. (intransitive) To drink liquor, usually to excess.
  2. (transitive) To cause someone to drink liquor, usually to excess.
  3. (obsolete, transitive) To grease.

Derived terms

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Translations

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References

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Latin

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Etymology 1

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Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti
Proto-Indo-European *wlikʷéh₁yeti
Proto-Italic *(w)likʷēō
Latin liqueō
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *-ōs
Proto-Italic *-ōs
Latin -or
Latin liquor

    From liqueō (“to be liquid, fluid”) + -or.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    liquor m (genitive liquōris); third declension

    1. fluidity, liquidity
    2. liquid, fluid
    Declension
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    Third-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative liquor liquōrēs
    genitive liquōris liquōrum
    dative liquōrī liquōribus
    accusative liquōrem liquōrēs
    ablative liquōre liquōribus
    vocative liquor liquōrēs
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    Descendants
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    • Catalan: licor
    • French: liqueur
    • → Romanian: licoare
    • Italian: liquore
    • Occitan: liquor
    • Russian: ликёр (likjór)
    • Sicilian: licori m
    • Spanish: licor m

    Etymology 2

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      Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷti, compare stative liqueō and 1st-conjugation liquō.

      Pronunciation

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      Verb

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      līquor (present infinitive līquī or līquier); third conjugation, deponent, no passive, no perfect or supine stems (intransitive)

      1. to be fluid or liquid
      2. to flow
      3. to melt
        • Marcus Atilius (apud Varro, De Lingua Latina. 7. 106):
          Per laetitiam liquitur Animus
          Through joy his mind is melted
        • 8 CE, Ovidius, Metamorphoses 15.547–551:
          Non tamen Egeriae luctus aliena levare
          damna valent; montisque iacens radicibus imis
          liquitur in lacrimas, donec pietate dolentis
          mota soror Phoebi gelidum de corpore fontem
          fecit et aeternas artus tenuavit in undas.
          But the woes of others did not have the strength to lift Egeria's griefs; and lying at the lowest roots of a mountain she melted into tears, until, moved by the faithfulness of her suffering, the sister of Phoebus made from her body a cool spring, and weakened her limbs into eternal streams.
      4. to dissolve
      Conjugation
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         Conjugation of līquor (third conjugation, deponent, no passive, no perfect or supine stems)
      indicative singular plural
      first second third first second third
      active present līquor līqueris,
      līquere       		līquitur līquimur līquiminī līquuntur
      imperfect līquēbar līquēbāris,
      līquēbāre       		līquēbātur līquēbāmur līquēbāminī līquēbantur
      future līquar līquēris,
      līquēre       		līquētur līquēmur līquēminī līquentur
      subjunctive singular plural
      first second third first second third
      active present līquar līquāris,
      līquāre       		līquātur līquāmur līquāminī līquantur
      imperfect līquerer līquerēris,
      līquerēre       		līquerētur līquerēmur līquerēminī līquerentur
      imperative singular plural
      first second third first second third
      active present — līquere — — līquiminī —
      future — līquitor līquitor — — līquuntor
      non-finite forms infinitive participle
      active passive active passive
      present līquī,
      līquier1       		— līquēns —
      verbal nouns gerund supine
      genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
      līquendī līquendō līquendum līquendō — —

      1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

      Etymology 3

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      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Pronunciation

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      Verb

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      liquor

      1. first-person singular present passive indicative of liquō

      References

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