電
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See also: 电
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]電 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月田山 (MBWU), four-corner 10716, composition ⿱⻗⿻日乚(GTJKV) or ⿱⻗⿻日㇄(H))
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1373, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42253
- Dae Jaweon: page 1882, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4060, character 1
- Unihan data for U+96FB
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 電 | |
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simp. | 电 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 電 | |
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Western Zhou | Warring States |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *l'iːns) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 申 (OC *hlin); also ideogrammic (會意/会意) : 雨 + 申 (“lightning”).
Etymology
[edit]Sino-Tibetan or area word; compare Proto-Mien *liŋ (“lightning”), Chepang प्लीङ्हसा (pliŋh‑, “to flash; to shine brightly”) (Benedict, 1976; Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dian4
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): дян (di͡an, III)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): dien5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): die3
- Northern Min (KCR): dīng
- Eastern Min (BUC): diêng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): deng5
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6di
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dienn4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: diàn
- Wade–Giles: tien4
- Yale: dyàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diann
- Palladius: дянь (djanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: dian4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: dian
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiɛn²¹³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: дян (di͡an, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiæ̃⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: din6
- Yale: dihn
- Cantonese Pinyin: din6
- Guangdong Romanization: din6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: en5
- Sinological IPA (key): /en³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: dien5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiɛn¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thien
- Hakka Romanization System: tien
- Hagfa Pinyim: tian4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯en⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: die3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tie⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dīng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: diêng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiɛŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: deng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɛŋ²¹/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- diang6 - Shantou;
- diêng6 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: denH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤi[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*l'iːns/
Definitions
[edit]電
- (uncountable) lightning
- (uncountable) electric power or energy; electricity [from late 19th c.]
- electric; electrical
- (dialectal, countable) battery (Classifier: 粒 c; 嚿 c)
- (colloquial, uncountable) romantic attraction; chemistry
- Short for 電話/电话 (diànhuà, “telephone; phone call”).
- Short for 電報/电报 (diànbào, “telegram”).
- Short for 電臺/电台 (diàntái, “broadcasting station; radio station”).
- (transitive) to give an electric shock to
- (figuratively, of a person) energy
- to make a telephone call
- to send a telegram
- † fast; speedy
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 三電/三电 (Sāndiàn)
- 乾電池/干电池 (gāndiànchí)
- 交流電/交流电 (jiāoliúdiàn)
- 介電質/介电质
- 代電/代电
- 何電/何电 (Hédiàn)
- 供電/供电 (gōngdiàn)
- 來電/来电 (láidiàn)
- 停電/停电 (tíngdiàn)
- 價電子/价电子 (jiàdiàzǐ)
- 光電/光电 (guāngdiàn)
- 充電/充电 (chōngdiàn)
- 光電子/光电子
- 光電池/光电池
- 光電管/光电管
- 函電/函电 (hándiàn)
- 向電性/向电性
- 唁電/唁电 (yàndiàn)
- 回電/回电 (huídiàn)
- 外電/外电 (wàidiàn)
- 外電路/外电路
- 大氣電/大气电
- 天電/天电
- 家電/家电 (jiādiàn)
- 密電/密电 (mìdiàn)
- 專電/专电 (zhuāndiàn)
- 導電/导电 (dǎodiàn)
- 小家電/小家电
- 小電影/小电影 (xiǎodiànyǐng)
- 市電/市电 (shìdiàn)
- 帶電/带电
- 廣電處/广电处
- 弧放電/弧放电
- 彩電/彩电 (cǎidiàn)
- 微電腦/微电脑 (wēidiànnǎo)
- 心電圖/心电图 (xīndiàntú)
- 急電/急电 (jídiàn)
- 惠斯登電橋/惠斯登电桥 (Huìsīdēngdiànqiáo)
- 感電/感电
- 手電筒/手电筒 (shǒudiàntǒng)
- 打電報/打电报 (dǎ diànbào)
- 打電玩/打电玩
- 打電話/打电话 (dǎ diànhuà)
- 拍電影/拍电影 (pāi diànyǐng)
- 掣電/掣电
- 摩擦電/摩擦电
- 摩電燈/摩电灯
- 放電/放电 (fàngdiàn)
- 斷電/断电 (duàndiàn)
- 有線電/有线电
- 核電/核电 (hédiàn)
- 核電廠/核电厂 (hédiànchǎng)
- 機電/机电 (jīdiàn)
- 正電/正电
- 正電子/正电子 (zhèngdiànzǐ)
- 水電/水电 (shuǐdiàn)
- 水電工/水电工
- 流電/流电
- 湖電/湖电 (Húdiàn)
- 漏電/漏电 (lòudiàn)
- 濕電/湿电
- 無線電/无线电 (wúxiàndiàn)
- 熱電/热电
- 熱電偶/热电偶
- 熱電廠/热电厂
- 熱電流/热电流
- 發電/发电 (fādiàn)
- 發電廠/发电厂 (fādiànchǎng)
- 發電機/发电机 (fādiànjī)
- 直流電/直流电 (zhíliúdiàn)
- 磨電燈/磨电灯
- 萬電/万电 (Wàndiàn)
- 筋電圖/筋电图
- 紫電/紫电
- 繼電器/继电器 (jìdiànqì)
- 肌電圖/肌电图 (jīdiàntú)
- 腦電圖/脑电图 (nǎodiàntú)
- 致電/致电 (zhìdiàn)
- 臺電/台电
- 蓄電/蓄电
- 蓄電池/蓄电池 (xùdiànchí)
- 觸電/触电 (chùdiàn)
- 譯電/译电 (yìdiàn)
- 變電器/变电器
- 變電所/变电所 (biàndiànsuǒ)
- 負電/负电 (fùdiàn)
- 賀電/贺电 (hèdiàn)
- 赤電/赤电
- 起電機/起电机
- 起電盤/起电盘
- 跑電/跑电 (pǎodiàn)
- 跳電/跳电
- 迅電/迅电
- 通電/通电 (tōngdiàn)
- 過電/过电 (guòdiàn)
- 郵電/邮电 (yóudiàn)
- 配電/配电 (pèidiàn)
- 配電盤/配电盘 (pèidiànpán)
- 閃電/闪电 (shǎndiàn)
- 閃電戰/闪电战 (shǎndiànzhàn)
- 限電/限电 (xiàndiàn)
- 陰電/阴电 (yīndiàn)
- 陽電/阳电 (yángdiàn)
- 陽電子/阳电子 (yángdiànzǐ)
- 集電弓/集电弓 (jídiàngōng)
- 電信/电信 (diànxìn)
- 電傷/电伤
- 電傳/电传 (diànchuán)
- 電價/电价 (diànjià)
- 電光/电光 (diànguāng)
- 電光源/电光源
- 電冰箱/电冰箱 (diànbīngxiāng)
- 電冶/电冶
- 電刑/电刑 (diànxíng)
- 電刺激/电刺激 (diàncìjī)
- 電力/电力 (diànlì)
- 電力網/电力网 (diànlìwǎng)
- 電功率/电功率 (diàngōnglǜ)
- 電動/电动 (diàndòng)
- 電動機/电动机 (diàndòngjī)
- 電動車/电动车 (diàndòngchē)
- 電化/电化 (diànhuà)
- 電匣子/电匣子 (diànxiázi)
- 電匯/电汇 (diànhuì)
- 電吉他/电吉他 (diànjítā)
- 電告/电告 (diàngào)
- 電唁/电唁 (diànyàn)
- 電唱機/电唱机 (diànchàngjī)
- 電器/电器 (diànqì)
- 電器行/电器行 (diànqìháng)
- 電場/电场 (diànchǎng)
- 電報/电报 (diànbào)
- 電報局/电报局 (diànbàojú)
- 電壓/电压 (diànyā)
- 電壺/电壶
- 電大/电大 (diàndà)
- 電子/电子 (diànzǐ)
- 電子報/电子报
- 電子書/电子书 (diànzǐshū)
- 電子業/电子业
- 電子琴/电子琴 (diànzǐqín)
- 電子街/电子街
- 電子錶/电子表
- 電子鍋/电子锅
- 電子鐘/电子钟
- 電子雞/电子鸡 (diànzǐjī)
- 電學/电学 (diànxué)
- 電容/电容 (diànróng)
- 電容器/电容器 (diànróngqì)
- 電宰廠/电宰厂
- 電導/电导 (diàndǎo)
- 電工/电工 (diàngōng)
- 電帚/电帚
- 電度表/电度表
- 電影/电影 (diànyǐng)
- 電影圈/电影圈
- 電影業/电影业 (diànyǐngyè)
- 電影票/电影票
- 電影街/电影街
- 電影院/电影院 (diànyǐngyuàn)
- 電扇/电扇 (diànshàn)
- 電扶梯/电扶梯 (diànfútī)
- 電掣/电掣 (diànchè)
- 電擊/电击 (diànjī)
- 電擊法/电击法
- 電教/电教
- 電文/电文 (diànwén)
- 電料/电料 (diànliào)
- 電晶體/电晶体 (diànjīngtǐ)
- 電暖器/电暖器
- 電暖鍋/电暖锅
- 電杆 (diàngān)
- 電梯/电梯 (diàntī)
- 電桿/电杆 (diàngǎn)
- 電椅/电椅 (diànyǐ)
- 電棒/电棒 (diànbàng)
- 電極/电极 (diànjí)
- 電樂器/电乐器
- 電機/电机 (diànjī)
- 電檢/电检
- 電檢制/电检制
- 電檢法/电检法
- 電母/电母 (Diànmǔ)
- 電毯/电毯
- 電氣/电气 (diànqì)
- 電氣化/电气化 (diànqìhuà)
- 電氣燈/电气灯
- 電氣行/电气行
- 電池/电池 (diànchí)
- 電波/电波 (diànbō)
- 電流/电流 (diànliú)
- 電流表/电流表 (diànliúbiǎo)
- 電源/电源 (diànyuán)
- 電烤箱/电烤箱 (diànkǎoxiāng)
- 電熱/电热 (diànrè)
- 電熱器/电热器 (diànrèqì)
- 電熨斗 (diànyùndǒu)
- 電熱杯/电热杯 (diànrèbēi)
- 電熱褥/电热褥
- 電燙/电烫
- 電燈/电灯 (diàndēng)
- 電燈柱/电灯柱 (diàndēngzhù)
- 電燈泡/电灯泡 (diàndēngpào)
- 電爐/电炉 (diànlú)
- 電玩/电玩 (diànwán)
- 電瓶/电瓶 (diànpíng)
- 電療/电疗 (diànliáo)
- 電眼/电眼 (diànyǎn)
- 電石/电石 (diànshí)
- 電石燈/电石灯 (diànshídēng)
- 電碗/电碗
- 電磁/电磁 (diàncí)
- 電磁場/电磁场 (diàncíchǎng)
- 電磁波/电磁波 (diàncíbō)
- 電磁灶/电磁灶
- 電磁爐/电磁炉 (diàncílú)
- 電磁鐵/电磁铁 (diàncítiě)
- 電碼/电码 (diànmǎ)
- 電視/电视 (diànshì)
- 電視劇/电视剧 (diànshìjù)
- 電視機/电视机 (diànshìjī)
- 電視牆/电视墙
- 電視網/电视网
- 電視臺/电视台 (diànshìtái)
- 電視車/电视车
- 電窯/电窑
- 電筒/电筒 (diàntǒng)
- 電算器/电算器
- 電算機/电算机 (diànsuànjī)
- 電紐/电纽
- 電網/电网 (diànwǎng)
- 電線/电线 (diànxiàn)
- 電線杆/电线杆 (diànxiàngān)
- 電線桿/电线杆 (diànxiàngǎn)
- 電纜/电缆 (diànlǎn)
- 電纜車/电缆车 (diànlǎnchē)
- 電聯車/电联车 (diànliánchē)
- 電能/电能 (diànnéng)
- 電腦/电脑 (diànnǎo)
- 電腦化/电脑化 (diànnǎohuà)
- 電腦鼠/电脑鼠
- 電臺/电台 (diàntái)
- 電芯/电芯
- 電荷/电荷 (diànhè)
- 電蚊香/电蚊香 (diànwénxiāng)
- 電表/电表 (diànbiǎo)
- 電覆/电覆 (diànfù)
- 電解/电解 (diànjiě)
- 電解質/电解质 (diànjiězhì)
- 電訊/电讯 (diànxùn)
- 電話/电话 (diànhuà)
- 電話亭/电话亭 (diànhuàtíng)
- 電話卡/电话卡 (diànhuàkǎ)
- 電話本/电话本
- 電話機/电话机 (diànhuàjī)
- 電話筒/电话筒
- 電話簿/电话簿 (diànhuàbù)
- 電話線/电话线 (diànhuàxiàn)
- 電話費/电话费
- 電費/电费 (diànfèi)
- 電賀/电贺 (diànhè)
- 電赴/电赴
- 電路/电路 (diànlù)
- 電路板/电路板 (diànlùbǎn)
- 電車/电车 (diànchē)
- 電量/电量 (diànliàng)
- 電針/电针
- 電鈕/电钮 (diànniǔ)
- 電鈴/电铃 (diànlíng)
- 電銲/电焊
- 電銲槍/电焊枪
- 電鋸/电锯 (diànjù)
- 電鍋/电锅 (diànguō)
- 電鍍/电镀 (diàndù)
- 電鎖/电锁
- 電鑽/电钻 (diànzuàn)
- 電門/电门 (diànmén)
- 電閘/电闸 (diànzhá)
- 電阻/电阻 (diànzǔ)
- 雷電/雷电 (léidiàn)
- 雷電交加/雷电交加 (léidiànjiāojiā)
- 電震/电震 (diànzhèn)
- 電音/电音 (diànyīn)
- 電風扇/电风扇 (diànfēngshàn)
- 電飯鍋/电饭锅 (diànfànguō)
- 電驢子/电驴子 (diànlǘzi)
- 電鬍刀/电胡刀 (diànhúdāo)
- 電鬚刀/电须刀 (diànxūdāo)
- 電魚/电鱼
- 電鰻/电鳗
- 露電/露电
- 靜電/静电 (jìngdiàn)
- 靜電計/静电计
- 風催電/风催电
- 風馳電掣/风驰电掣 (fēngchídiànchè)
- 驗電器/验电器 (yàndiànqì)
- 高壓電/高压电 (gāoyādiàn)
- 魔電/魔电
- 黃色電影/黄色电影 (huángsè diànyǐng)
Descendants
[edit]- → Bouyei: dianq (“electricity”)
- → Lü: ᦶᦎᧃᧈ (ṫaen¹, “electricity”)
- → Tai Nüa: ᥖᥦᥢᥱ (tǎen, “electricity”)
- → Zhuang: den (“electricity”)
References
[edit]- “電”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “电”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 141.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]電
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Compounds
- 電圧 (den'atsu): voltage
- 電気 (denki): electricity
- 電球 (denkyū): light bulb
- 電子 (denshi): electron
- 電磁界 (denjikai): electromagnetic field
- 電子計算機 (denshi keisanki): computer
- 電車 (densha): electric train
- 電束 (densoku): electric flux
- 電卓 (dentaku): electric calculator
- 電灯 (dentō): light, lamp
- 電流 (denryū): electric current
- 電力 (denryoku): electric power
- 電話 (denwa): a telephone
- 発電 (hatsuden): electric power generation
- 雷電 (raiden): thunder and lightning
- 電撃 (dengeki): shock
Definitions
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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電 |
いなずま Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 電 – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, 電, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.) |
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 電 (MC denH).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 뗜〮 (Yale: ttyén) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 번〮게〮 (Yale: pénkéy) | 뎐〯 (Yale: tyěn) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕɘ(ː)n]
- Phonetic hangul: [전(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
[edit]電 (eumhun 번개 전 (beon'gae jeon))
- hanja form? of 전 (“electricity; electric”) [affix]
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]電: Hán Việt readings: điện[1][2][3][4]
- chữ Hán form of điện (“lightning, electricity”).
Compounds
[edit]References
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