練

See also: 练

練	U+7DF4, 練 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7DF4

← 緳
[U+7DF3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

緵 →
[U+7DF5]

練	U+F996, 練 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F996

← 秊
[U+F995]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

聯 →
[U+F997]

練	U+FA57, 練 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA57

← 節
[U+FA56]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

縉 →
[U+FA58]

練	U+FAB0, 練 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAB0

← 絛
[U+FAAF]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

缾 →
[U+FAB1]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional	練
Simplified	练
Japanese	練
Korean	練

Alternative forms[edit]

Note the difference in the right-side component between traditional Chinese (柬) and Japanese shinjitai (東).
Three CJK compatibility ideographs exists for this code point. Among them, U+FA57 corresponds to the Japanese kyūjitai form of this character.

Han character[edit]

練 (radical 120, 糸+9 in Chinese and Korean, 糸+8 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese and Korean, 14 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 女火木田火 (VFDWF), four-corner 2599₆, composition ⿰糹柬(GHTV) or ⿰糸東(J or U+FAB0) or ⿰糸柬(K or U+F996 or U+FA57))

Derived characters[edit]

𭌈, 𬚎

References[edit]

KangXi: page 932, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27631
Dae Jaweon: page 1370, character 16
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3424, character 2
Unihan data for U+7DF4

Unihan data for U+F996

Unihan data for U+FA57

Unihan data for U+FAB0

Chinese[edit]

trad.		練
simp.		练

Wikipedia has articles on:

練姓 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
Liān (sèⁿ) (Min Nan)

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 練
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (柬) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蘭	*ɡ·raːn
攔	*ɡ·raːn
欄	*ɡ·raːn
瀾	ɡ·raːn, ɡ·raːns
讕	ɡ·raːn, ɡ·raːnʔ, *ɡ·raːns
闌	*ɡ·raːn
韊	*ɡ·raːn
幱	*ɡ·raːn
籣	*ɡ·raːn
躝	*ɡ·raːn
爛	*ɡ·raːns
爤	*ɡ·raːns
鑭	*ɡ·raːns
糷	*ɡ·raːns
斕	*ɡ·reːn
揀	kreːnʔ, ɡ·reːns
柬	*kreːnʔ
暕	*kreːnʔ
諫	*kraːns
練	*ɡ·reːns
鍊	*ɡ·reːns
煉	*ɡ·reːns
楝	*ɡ·reːns
萰	*ɡ·reːns
堜	*ɡ·reːns
湅	*ɡ·reːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡ·reːns): semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 柬 (OC *kreːnʔ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): liàn (lian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lin⁶
Min Bei (KCR): līng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): liān

(Teochew, Peng'im): liang⁷ / liêng⁷
Wu (Wiktionary): li (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: liàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ
  - Wade–Giles: lien⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liann
  - Tongyong Pinyin: liàn
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ljɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: lin⁶
  - Yale: lihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lin⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: lin⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːn²²/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: līng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liān
  - Tâi-lô: liān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lien
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɛn²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɛn³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: liang⁷ / liêng⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liāng / liēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liaŋ¹¹/, /lieŋ¹¹/

Note:

liang7 - Shantou;
liêng7 - Chaozhou.

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: li (T3)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /li²³/

Middle Chinese: /len^H/

Rime
Character	練
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	郎甸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/len^H/
Pan Wuyun	/len^H/
Shao Rongfen	/lɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɛn^H/
Li Rong	/len^H/
Wang Li	/lien^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/lien^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liàn

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤen-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·reːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	練
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liàn
Middle Chinese	‹ len^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁen-s/
English	sized white silk
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	練
Reading #	1/1
No.	6141
Phonetic component	柬
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	練
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·reːns/

Definitions[edit]

練

^† white silk
^† to boil and scour raw silk
to practice; to drill; to exercise; to train
experienced; familiar
A surname.

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 練

人情練達／人情练达 (rénqíngliàndá)
修練／修练
光說不練／光说不练
凝練／凝练 (níngliàn)
勤練／勤练
匹練／匹练
團練／团练
基本教練／基本教练
大練／大练 (Dàliàn)
寒地訓練／寒地训练
幹練／干练 (gànliàn)
彩練／彩练 (cǎiliàn)
拉練／拉练 (lāliàn)
捵練／捵练
排練／排练 (páiliàn)
操練／操练 (cāoliàn)
敏練慈愷／敏练慈恺
教練／教练 (jiàoliàn)
教練團／教练团
教練機／教练机 (jiàoliànjī)
教練車／教练车
新生訓練／新生训练
晨練／晨练 (chénliàn)
歷練／历练
歷練之才／历练之才
歷練老成／历练老成
洗練／洗练 (xǐliàn)
演練／演练 (yǎnliàn)
熟練／熟练 (shúliàn)

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai	練
Kyūjitai	練

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Go-on: れん (ren, Jōyō)
Kan-on: れん (ren, Jōyō)
Kun: ねる (neru, 練る, Jōyō); ねり (neri, 練り)
Nanori: ねり (neri)

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

訓(くん)練(れん) (kunren, “training; drill; practice”)
試(し)練(れん) (shiren, “test; trial; ordeal”)
修(しゅう)練(れん) (shūren, “training; drill; practice”)
熟(じゅく)練(れん) (jukuren, “skill; proficiency”)
洗(せん)練(れん) (senren, “refinement; polish”)
未(み)練(れん) (miren, “lingering attachment; regret”)
練(れん)習(しゅう) (renshū, “practice; exercise”)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

練 (eumhun 익힐 련 (ikhil ryeon), South Korea 익힐 연 (ikhil yeon))

Hanja form^? of 련 (“practice”).

Compounds[edit]

훈련 (訓練, hullyeon, “training”)

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

練 (luyện, lén, lẹn, rén, rịn)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

練

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Han character[edit]

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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