瀾

See also: 澜

瀾 U+703E, 瀾 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-703E ← 瀽 [U+703D] CJK Unified Ideographs 瀿 → [U+703F]

Translingual

Han character

瀾 (radical 85, 水+17, 20 strokes, cangjie input 水日弓田 (EANW), four-corner 3712₀, composition ⿰氵闌)

References

• KangXi: page 661, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18722
• Dae Jaweon: page 1071, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1790, character 9
• Unihan data for U+703E

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 瀾
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (柬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蘭	*ɡ·raːn
攔	*ɡ·raːn
欄	*ɡ·raːn
瀾	*ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːns
讕	*ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːnʔ, *ɡ·raːns
闌	*ɡ·raːn
韊	*ɡ·raːn
幱	*ɡ·raːn
籣	*ɡ·raːn
躝	*ɡ·raːn
爛	*ɡ·raːns
爤	*ɡ·raːns
鑭	*ɡ·raːns
糷	*ɡ·raːns
斕	*ɡ·reːn
揀	*kreːnʔ, *ɡ·reːns
柬	*kreːnʔ
暕	*kreːnʔ
諫	*kraːns
練	*ɡ·reːns
鍊	*ɡ·reːns
煉	*ɡ·reːns
楝	*ɡ·reːns
萰	*ɡ·reːns
堜	*ɡ·reːns
湅	*ɡ·reːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːns): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 闌 (OC *ɡ·raːn).

Etymology 1

trad.		瀾
simp.		澜
alternative forms		㳕 second round simp.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lán (lan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): laan⁴
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): lân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lang⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: lán
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄢˊ
    • Wade–Giles: lan2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lan
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lán
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /län³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: laan⁴
    • Yale: làahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: laan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /läːn²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lân
    • Tâi-lô: lân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: laan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lan²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lan²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lan¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lan²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lan²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /laŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /lɑn/, /lɑn^H/

Rime
Character	瀾	瀾
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	落干切	郎旰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑn/	/lɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑn/	/lɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑn/	/lɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lan/	/lanH/
Li Rong	/lɑn/	/lɑnH/
Wang Li	/lɑn/	/lɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑn/	/lɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lán	làn

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raːn/, /*ɡ·raːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瀾	瀾
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6122	6132
Phonetic component	柬	柬
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	蘭	爛
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·raːn/	/*ɡ·raːns/

Definitions

瀾

1. wave
2. ripple

Compounds

• 力挽狂瀾／力挽狂澜 (lìwǎnkuánglán)
• 安瀾／安澜
• 層瀾／层澜
• 平地波瀾／平地波澜
• 推波助瀾／推波助澜 (tuībōzhùlán)
• 文瀾閣／文澜阁

• 歷瀾／历澜
• 汍瀾／汍澜 (wánlán)
• 波瀾／波澜 (bōlán)
• 波瀾壯闊／波澜壮阔 (bōlánzhuàngkuò)
• 波瀾老成／波澜老成
• 瀾汗／澜汗

• 瀾滄江／澜沧江 (Láncāng Jiāng)
• 瀾翻／澜翻
• 狂瀾／狂澜 (kuánglán)
• 米瀾／米澜
• 蒸漚歷瀾／蒸沤历澜

Etymology 2

trad.		瀾
simp.		澜
alternative forms		㳕 second round simp.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): làn (lan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): laan⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): lān / lǎn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: làn
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄢˋ
    • Wade–Giles: lan4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lann
    • Tongyong Pinyin: làn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /län⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: laan⁶
    • Yale: laahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: laan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: lan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /läːn²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lān
    • Tâi-lô: lān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lan
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lan²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lǎn
    • Tâi-lô: lǎn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lan²²/

Definitions

瀾

1. Only used in 瀾漫／澜漫.

Etymology 3

trad.		瀾
simp.		澜
alternative forms		涎 灠 漤 潾 㘓

From 涎 (OC *ljan, “saliva”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): lân

  (Meixian, Guangdong): lan¹

• Min Dong (BUC): lāng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): nōa / nǒa

  (Teochew, Peng'im): nua⁶

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• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lân
    • Hakka Romanization System: lan´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: lan¹
    • Sinological IPA: /lan²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: lan¹
    • Sinological IPA: /lan⁴⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃aŋ³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nōa
    • Tâi-lô: nuā
    • Phofsit Daibuun: noa
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /nuã²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /nuã³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nǒa
    • Tâi-lô: nuǎ
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nuã²²/
    • IPA (Jinjiang): /nuã³³/
    • IPA (Philippines): /nua³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: nua⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nuă
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nua³⁵/

Definitions

瀾

1. (chiefly Min) saliva

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 口水 (“saliva; drool”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		涎
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		唾液, 口涎, 口水
Mandarin	Beijing	哈喇子
	Taiwan	口水
	Tianjin	哈喇子
	Harbin	口水, 哈喇子
	Shenyang	吃水, 哈喇子
	Hailar	哈喇子
	Ulanhot	哈喇子
	Tongliao	哈喇子
	Chifeng	唾沫
	Bayanhot	涎水, 口水
	Jinan	吃拉拉, 咧涎, 涎線, 哈喇子
	Muping	痴水, 痴水痘兒
	Wanrong	涎水
	Xi'an	涎水
	Zhengzhou	嘴水
	Xining	涎水
	Xuzhou	口水, 口婁水
	Yinchuan	涎水
	Lanzhou	涎水
	Ürümqi	涎水, 哈喇子
	Wuhan	涎, 涎水
	Chengdu	口水, 憨口水
	Guiyang	口水
	Guilin	口水
	Liuzhou	口水, 口漦 dated
	Kunming	口水
	Yangzhou	口水
	Nanjing	口水
	Hefei	口水
	Nantong	涎, 唾沫
Cantonese	Guangzhou	口水
	Hong Kong	口水
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	口水
	Foshan	口水
	Shunde	口水
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	口涎
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	口水
	Taishan	口水
	Kaiping (Chikan)	口水
	Dongguan	口水
	Shaoguan	口水
	Yunfu	口水
	Yangjiang	口水
	Xinyi	口水
	Lianjiang	口水
	Nanning	口水
	Wuzhou	口水
	Yulin	涎水
	Hepu	涎水, 口水
	Kuala Lumpur	口水
Gan	Nanchang	涎
	Lichuan	口瀾
	Pingxiang	饞水
Hakka	Meixian	口瀾, 口瀾水, 口水
	Xingning	口瀾
	Huidong (Daling)	口水
	Qujiang	口瀾
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	口水
	Luchuan	口水
	Changting	口瀾
	Pingyu	口瀾
	Wuping	口瀾
	Liancheng	口瀾
	Ninghua	口瀾
	Yudu	喉瀾水
	Ruijin	夫瀾水, 夫瀾
	Shicheng	口瀾
	Shangyou	口瀾
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	口瀾, 口瀾水
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	口瀾, 口瀾水
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	口水, 口瀾, 口瀾水
	Dongshi (Dabu)	口瀾, 口瀾水
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	口瀾, 口瀾水
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	口瀾, 口瀾水
	Hong Kong	口水
	Sabah	口水
	Senai	口水
	Singkawang	口水
Huizhou	Jixi	口涎, 口水
Jin	Taiyuan	涎水
	Xinzhou	涎水
	Baochang	涎水
	Jining	涎水
	Hohhot	涎拉子
	Baotou	涎水
	Dongsheng	涎水
	Linhe	涎水
	Haibowan	涎水
Min Bei	Jian'ou	瀾, 瀾水
Min Dong	Fuzhou	瀾
	Fuqing	瀾
Min Nan	Xiamen	瀾, 喙瀾, 津液
	Quanzhou	瀾, 喙瀾, 津液
	Zhangzhou	瀾, 喙瀾, 津液
	Taipei	瀾, 喙瀾
	Kaohsiung	瀾, 喙瀾
	Tainan	瀾, 喙瀾
	Taichung	瀾, 喙瀾
	Wuqi	喙瀾
	Hsinchu	瀾, 喙瀾
	Taitung	喙瀾
	Lukang	瀾
	Sanxia	喙瀾
	Yilan	瀾, 喙瀾
	Kinmen	瀾
	Magong	瀾, 喙瀾
	Penang (Hokkien)	瀾
	Singapore (Hokkien)	瀾
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	瀾水
	Chaozhou	瀾
	Shantou	瀾
	Haifeng	瀾
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	瀾
	Haikou	瀾, 瀾水
	Leizhou	瀾
Puxian Min	Putian	瀾
	Xianyou	瀾
Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	涎
	Guilin (Dahe)	口水
Wu	Shanghai	饞唾, 饞唾水
	Suzhou	饞唾, 饞唾水
	Hangzhou	饞唾, 饞唾水兒
	Wenzhou	口灡水, 饞灡, 灡
	Chongming	饞唾水
	Danyang	痰吐, 涎吐, 饞吐
	Jinhua	口唾水
	Ningbo	饞唾水, 饞茶水, 爛唾水
Xiang	Changsha	饞
	Shuangfeng	口水, 饞
	Xiangtan	痰水子
	Loudi	口水, 饞
	Quanzhou	口水

Compounds

• 口瀾／口澜

• 喙瀾／喙澜

• 流瀾／流澜

References

• “瀾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

瀾

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. large waves

Readings

• On (unclassified): らん (ran)
• Kun: なみ (nami, 瀾)

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Korean

Hanja

瀾 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

瀾 (lan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Nôm: lan, tràn

References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999