瀾

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See also: 澜
瀾 U+703E, 瀾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-703E
← 瀽
[U+703D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 瀿 →
[U+703F]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

瀾 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+17, 20 strokes, cangjie input 水日弓田 (EANW), four-corner 37120, composition ⿰氵闌)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 661, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18722
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1071, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1790, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+703E

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 瀾
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (柬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蘭 *ɡ·raːn
攔 *ɡ·raːn
欄 *ɡ·raːn
瀾 *ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːns
讕 *ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːnʔ, *ɡ·raːns
闌 *ɡ·raːn
韊 *ɡ·raːn
幱 *ɡ·raːn
籣 *ɡ·raːn
躝 *ɡ·raːn
爛 *ɡ·raːns
爤 *ɡ·raːns
鑭 *ɡ·raːns
糷 *ɡ·raːns
斕 *ɡ·reːn
揀 *kreːnʔ, *ɡ·reːns
柬 *kreːnʔ
暕 *kreːnʔ
諫 *kraːns
練 *ɡ·reːns
鍊 *ɡ·reːns
煉 *ɡ·reːns
楝 *ɡ·reːns
萰 *ɡ·reːns
堜 *ɡ·reːns
湅 *ɡ·reːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːns) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 闌 (OC *ɡ·raːn).

Etymology 1[edit]

trad. 瀾
simp. 澜
2nd round simp. 㳕
alternative forms 灡／𬉠

浪 (làng, “wave”) may be a colloquial variant. Phonetically too distant to be related to Thai คลื่น (klʉ̂ʉn, “wave”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 瀾
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 落干切
Baxter lan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lan/
Li
Rong 		/lɑn/
Wang
Li 		/lɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/lɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		laan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 瀾
Reading # 1/1
Middle
Chinese 		‹ lanX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]ˁanʔ/
English water in which rice has been washed

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 瀾
Reading # 1/2
No. 6122
Phonetic
component 		柬
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		蘭
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡ·raːn/

Definitions[edit]

瀾

  1. wave; billow
  2. ripple
  3. to surge; to swell
  4. † Alternative form of 灡／𬉠 (lán, “water from washed rice”)

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

trad. 瀾
simp. 澜
2nd round simp. 㳕

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 瀾
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 郎旰切
Baxter lanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lanH/
Li
Rong 		/lɑnH/
Wang
Li 		/lɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/lɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		làn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		laan6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 瀾
Reading # 2/2
No. 6132
Phonetic
component 		柬
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		爛
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡ·raːns/

Definitions[edit]

瀾

  1. Used in 瀾漫／澜漫 and 瀾汗／澜汗.

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

trad. 瀾
simp. 澜
alternative forms 涎
灠／𰜐
漤
潾
㘓／𪢌

A dialectal variant of 涎 (OC *ljan, “saliva”) in the South (Schuessler, 2007; Xu and Iwata, 2014).

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

瀾

  1. (chiefly Hakka, Min, Southern Wu) saliva
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 口水 (“saliva; drool”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 涎, 唾
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 唾液, 口涎, 口水
Mandarin Beijing 哈喇子
Taiwan 口水
Tianjin 哈喇子
Ulanhot 哈喇子
Tongliao 哈喇子
Chifeng 唾沫
Bayanhot 涎水, 口水
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 哈喇子
Harbin 口水, 哈喇子
Shenyang 吃水, 哈喇子
Yantai (Muping) 痴水, 痴水痘兒
Jinan 吃拉拉, 咧涎, 涎線, 哈喇子
Wanrong 涎水
Zhengzhou 嘴水
Xi'an 涎水
Yinchuan 涎水
Lanzhou 涎水
Xining 涎水
Ürümqi 涎水, 哈喇子
Wuhan 涎, 涎水
Chengdu 口水, 憨口水, 清口水
Chongqing 口水
Guiyang 口水
Kunming 口水
Guilin 口水
Liuzhou 口水, 口漦 dated
Xuzhou 口水, 口婁水
Yangzhou 口水
Nanjing 口水
Hefei 口水
Nantong 涎, 唾沫
Singapore 口水
Cantonese Guangzhou 口水
Hong Kong 口水
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 口水
Macau 口水
Guangzhou (Panyu) 口水
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 口水
Guangzhou (Conghua) 口水
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 口水
Foshan 口水
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 口水
Foshan (Shunde) 口水
Foshan (Sanshui) 口水
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 口水
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 口瀾
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 口瀾
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 口水
Zhuhai (Doumen) 口水
Jiangmen (Baisha) 口水
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 口水
Taishan 口水
Kaiping (Chikan) 口水
Enping (Niujiang) 口水
Heshan (Yayao) 口水泡
Dongguan 口水
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 口水
Shaoguan 口水
Yunfu 口水
Yangjiang 口水
Xinyi 口水
Lianjiang 口水
Nanning 口水
Wuzhou 口水
Yulin 涎水
Hepu (Lianzhou) 涎水, 口水
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 口水
Singapore (Guangfu) 口水
Yangon (Taishan) 口水
Mandalay (Taishan) 口水
Gan Nanchang 涎
Lichuan 口瀾
Pingxiang 饞水
Hakka Meixian 口瀾, 口瀾水, 口水
Xingning 口瀾
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 口水
Huidong (Daling) 口水
Dongguan (Qingxi) 口水
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 口水
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 口水
Wuhua (Huacheng) 口水
Heyuan (Bendihua) 口水
Wengyuan 口水
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 口瀾
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 口水
Liannan 口水
Conghua (Lütian) 口水
Jiexi 口瀾
Luhe 口水
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 嘴瀾水
Changting 口瀾
Wuping 口瀾
Wuping (Yanqian) 喉瀾
Wuping (Pingyu) 口瀾
Liancheng 口瀾
Ninghua 口瀾
Yudu 喉瀾水
Ningdu 口瀾水
Ruijin 夫瀾水, 夫瀾
Shicheng 口瀾
Shangyou (Shexi) 口瀾
Tonggu (Sandu) 口水
Ganzhou (Panlong) 口水
Dayu 口水
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 口瀾, 口瀾水
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 口瀾, 口瀾水
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 口水, 口瀾, 口瀾水
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 口瀾, 口瀾水
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 口瀾, 口瀾水
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 口瀾, 口瀾水
Hong Kong 口水
Mengshan (Xihe) 口水
Luchuan 口水
Luchuan (Daqiao) 口水
Sabah (Longchuan) 口水
Senai (Huiyang) 口水
Singkawang 口水
Huizhou Jixi 口涎, 口水
Jin Taiyuan 涎水, 唾沫, 吐沫
Xinzhou 涎水
Taibus (Baochang) 涎水
Linhe 涎水
Jining 涎水
Hohhot 涎拉子
Baotou 涎水
Dongsheng 涎水
Haibowan 涎水
Northern Min Jian'ou 瀾, 瀾水
Jianyang (Huangkeng) 唾
Eastern Min Fuzhou 瀾
Changle 瀾
Fuqing 瀾
Yongtai 瀾
Gutian 瀾
Fu'an 瀾
Ningde 瀾
Shouning 瀾
Zhouning 瀾
Fuding 瀾
Southern Min Xiamen 瀾, 喙瀾, 津液
Xiamen (Tong'an) 瀾
Quanzhou 瀾, 喙瀾, 津液
Zhangzhou 瀾, 喙瀾, 津液
Zhao'an 瀾
Taipei 瀾, 喙瀾
New Taipei (Sanxia) 喙瀾
Kaohsiung 瀾, 喙瀾
Yilan 瀾, 喙瀾
Changhua (Lukang) 瀾
Taichung 瀾, 喙瀾
Taichung (Wuqi) 喙瀾
Tainan 瀾, 喙瀾
Taitung 喙瀾
Hsinchu 瀾, 喙瀾
Kinmen 瀾
Penghu (Magong) 瀾, 喙瀾
Penang (Hokkien) 瀾
Singapore (Hokkien) 瀾, 喙瀾
Longyan 喙瀾
Pingnan (Shangdu) 瀾水
Chaozhou 瀾
Shantou 瀾
Jieyang 瀾
Haifeng 瀾
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 瀾
Singapore (Teochew) 瀾, 喙瀾
Leizhou 瀾
Wenchang 瀾
Haikou 瀾, 瀾水
Qionghai 瀾
Singapore (Hainanese) 瀾
Puxian Min Putian 瀾
Xianyou 瀾
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 呲嘴瀾
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 涎
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 口水
Wu Shanghai 饞唾, 饞唾水
Shanghai (Chongming) 饞唾水
Suzhou 饞唾, 饞唾水
Danyang 痰吐, 涎吐, 饞吐
Hangzhou 饞唾, 饞唾水兒
Ningbo 饞唾水, 饞茶水, 瀾唾水
Wenzhou 口瀾水, 饞瀾, 瀾
Jinhua 口唾水
Xiang Changsha 饞
Xiangtan 痰水子
Loudi 口水, 饞
Shuangfeng 口水, 饞
Quanzhou 口水

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

瀾

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. large waves

Readings[edit]

  • On (unclassified): らん (ran)
  • Kun: なみ (nami, 瀾)

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 瀾 (MC lan|lanH). Recorded as Middle Korean 란 (lan) (Yale: lan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

瀾 (eumhun 물결 란 (mulgyeol ran), South Korea 물결 난 (mulgyeol nan))

  1. Hanja form? of 란/난 (“wave”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

瀾: Hán Nôm readings: lan

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings[edit]

  • Nôm: lan, tràn

References[edit]

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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