郎

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See also: 郞
郎 U+90CE, 郎
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90CE
← 郍
[U+90CD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 郏 →
[U+90CF]
Uf92c.svg
郎 U+F92C, 郎
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F92C
← 狼
[U+F92B] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 來 →
[U+F92D]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

郎 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈弓中 (IINL), four-corner 37727)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 1271, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39405
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1770, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3770, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+90CE

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 郎
alternative forms 郞
𨝥
郒

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 郎
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
郎-seal.svg 郎-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (良) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
剆 *raːl, *raːlʔ
郎 *raːŋ
稂 *raːŋ
桹 *raːŋ
鋃 *raːŋ
硠 *raːŋ
浪 *raːŋ, *raːŋs
蜋 *raːŋ, *raŋ
琅 *raːŋ
狼 *raːŋ
欴 *raːŋ
踉 *raːŋ, *raŋ, *raŋs
莨 *raːŋ, *raːŋs
艆 *raːŋ
駺 *raːŋ
躴 *raːŋ
筤 *raːŋ
閬 *raːŋ, *raːŋs
哴 *raːŋ, *raŋs
蓈 *raːŋ
廊 *raːŋ
榔 *raːŋ, *raːŋʔ
螂 *raːŋ
瑯 *raːŋ
朗 *raːŋʔ
朖 *raːŋʔ
誏 *raːŋʔ
俍 *raːŋʔ
崀 *raːŋʔ
埌 *raːŋs
蒗 *raːŋs
娘 *naŋ
良 *raŋ
粮 *raŋ
悢 *raŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *raːŋ): phonetic 良 (OC *raŋ) + semantic 邑 (“county; town”).

Etymology 1[edit]

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b/m-laŋ (“penis; male; husband”), including Burmese လင် (lang, “husband”) as a descendant.

However, Zev Handel considers comparison to this root to be improbable since the meaning of "husband; young man" is not attested in early texts. These senses seem to develop from "an official's title", which was a metonymic extension of "veranda or corridor (of a palace or mansion)" (later written as 廊) (Schuessler, 2007). Schuessler (2007) suggests that the Burmese word is a loan from Chinese.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • sô̤ng - vernacular (“son-in-law”);
  • lô̤ng - literary (e.g. 新郎).
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • nn̂g - vernacular;
    • lông/lâng - literary.
    Note:
    • neng5 - vernacular;
    • lang5 - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 郎
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 唐 (101)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 魯當切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lɑŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/lɑŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/lɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/laŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/lɑŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/lɑŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/lɑŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		láng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		long4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 郎 郎
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		láng láng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ lang › ‹ lang ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.rˁaŋ/ /*rˁaŋ/
    English young gentleman double roof

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 郎
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8011
    Phonetic
    component         		良
    Rime
    group         		陽
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		郎
    Old
    Chinese         		/*raːŋ/

    Definitions[edit]

    郎

    1. (historical) an official's title
    2. (archaic, laudatory) man; male adult
    3. (archaic) A term of address used by women for their husband or lover: darling; love
    4. (archaic) A term of address used by servants for their master: sir; master
    5. † father [Northern Dynasties]
    6. young person
    7. someone else's son
    8. † soldier [Ming–Qing]
    9. (dated) man of a particular occupation
    10. † A term of address for a poor, lowly person. [Yuan–Ming]
    11. (literary or dialectal Hakka, Gan, Xiang, Min Bei) son-in-law (daughter's husband)
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 女婿 (“son-in-law”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 婿
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 女婿
    Mandarin Beijing 姑爺, 女婿
    Taiwan 女婿
    Harbin 女婿
    Shenyang 姑爺兒
    Muping 女婿子
    Jinan 姑爺, 女婿, 閨女女婿
    Luoyang 女婿
    Xi'an 女婿
    Yinchuan 女婿, 嬌客
    Xining 女婿娃, 女婿
    Ürümqi 女婿
    Wuhan 女婿, 女婿伢, 姑爺
    Chengdu 女婿, 姑爺
    Guiyang 女婿, 姑爺
    Kunming 姑爺
    Liuzhou 女婿, 姑爺
    Xuzhou 客, 高客
    Yangzhou 女婿, 姑爺
    Nanjing 女婿, 姑爺
    Hefei 女婿
    Nantong 女婿
    Singapore 女婿
    Cantonese Guangzhou 女婿
    Hong Kong 女婿
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 女婿
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 女婿
    Macau 女婿
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 女婿
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 女婿
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 女婿
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 女婿
    Foshan 女婿
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 女婿
    Foshan (Shunde) 女婿
    Foshan (Sanshui) 女婿
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 女婿
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 女婿
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 女婿
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 女婿
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 女婿
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 女婿
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 女婿
    Taishan 女婿
    Kaiping (Chikan) 女婿
    Enping (Niujiang) 女婿
    Heshan (Yayao) 女婿
    Dongguan 女婿
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 女婿
    Yunfu 阿郎
    Yangjiang 郎家
    Xinyi 阿郎
    Nanning 姑爺
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 女婿
    Gan Nanchang 郎, 姑爺, 女婿
    Lichuan 郎, 姑丈
    Pingxiang 郎
    Hakka Meixian 婿郎
    Xingning 婿郎
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 女婿
    Huidong (Daling) 婿郎
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 婿郎
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 婿郎
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 婿郎
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 婿郎
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 阿郎
    Conghua (Lütian) 女婿
    Changting 婿郎
    Wuping 婿郎
    Wuping (Pingyu) 婿郎
    Liancheng 婿郎
    Ninghua 姊丈, 婿郎
    Yudu 女婿, 郎婿, 郎婿子
    Ruijin 女婿
    Shicheng 姑丈
    Shangyou 姑丈
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 婿郎
    Pingtung (Neipu, S. Sixian) 婿郎
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong, Hailu) 婿郎
    Taichung (Dongshi, Dabu) 婿郎
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin, Raoping) 婿郎
    Yunlin (Lunbei, Zhao'an) 阿郎
    Hong Kong 婿郎
    Sabah (Longchuan) 婿郎
    Senai (Huiyang) 婿郎
    Singkawang 郎, 阿郎
    Huizhou Jixi 女婿, 半子, 女婿官
    Jin Taiyuan 女婿, 姑爺
    Xinzhou 女婿子
    Min Bei Jian'ou 郎
    Min Dong Fuzhou 兒婿
    Fuqing 年婿
    Matsu 兒婿
    Min Nan Xiamen 囝婿, 半子
    Quanzhou 囝婿, 半子
    Zhangzhou 囝婿, 半子
    Taipei 囝婿
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 囝婿
    Kaohsiung 囝婿
    Yilan 囝婿
    Changhua (Lukang) 囝婿
    Taichung 囝婿
    Taichung (Wuqi) 囝婿
    Tainan 囝婿
    Taitung 囝婿
    Hsinchu 囝婿
    Kinmen 囝婿
    Penghu (Magong) 囝婿
    Penang (Hokkien) 囝婿
    Singapore (Hokkien) 囝婿
    Manila (Hokkien) 囝婿
    Longyan 婿郎, 囝婿
    Zhangping 囝婿
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 婿郎, 囝婿
    Chaozhou 囝婿, 阿郎
    Shantou 囝婿
    Shantou (Chenghai) 囝婿
    Jieyang 囝婿, 阿郎
    Haifeng 囝婿
    Bangkok (Teochew) 囝婿, 阿郎
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 囝婿
    Singapore (Teochew) 囝婿
    Leizhou 郎家, 馬郎
    Haikou 郎家
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 囝婿
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 姑爺
    Wu Shanghai 女婿, 戇大女婿 humorous
    Shanghai (Chongming) 女婿, 大官
    Suzhou 女婿, 姑爺
    Danyang 補代, 女婿
    Hangzhou 女婿
    Ningbo 女婿
    Wenzhou 女兒婿
    Jinhua 囡婿
    Xiang Changsha 郎, 姑爺, 郎崽子
    Loudi 郎, 郎牯子, 郎欛公
    Shuangfeng 郎

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 郎

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (郎):
    • → Japanese: 郎(ろう) (rō)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Rime
    Character 郎
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 唐 (101)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 魯當切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lɑŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/lɑŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/lɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/laŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/lɑŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/lɑŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/lɑŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		láng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		long4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 郎
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8011
    Phonetic
    component         		良
    Rime
    group         		陽
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		郎
    Old
    Chinese         		/*raːŋ/

    Definitions[edit]

    郎

    1. (historical) Lang (a town in the state of Lu, near modern Qufu, Shandong, China)
    2. (historical) Lang (a town in the state of Lu, in the northeastern part of modern Yutai, Shandong, China)
    3. A surname​.

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    郎

    1. Only used in 屎殼郎／屎壳郎 (shǐkelàng).

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai

    		郎

    Kyūjitai

    		郞

    Kanji[edit]

    郎

    (common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 郞)

    1. son

    Readings[edit]

    Suffix[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    郎
    ろう
    Grade: S
    on’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    郞 (kyūjitai)

    郎(ろう) • (-rō) 

    1. suffixes certain male names
      鷲郎 ― Washirō
      太郎 ― Tarō
      一郎 ― Ichirō
      二郎 ― Jirō
      次郎 ― Jirō
      三郎 ― Saburō
      桃太郎 ― Momotarō
      小三郎 ― Kosaburō
      源三郎 ― Genzaburō
      四郎 ― Shirō
      総一郎 ― Sōichirō
      小四郎 ― Koshirō
      五郎 ― Gorō
      小五郎 ― Kogorō
      六郎 ― Rokurō
      七郎 ― Shichirō
      八郎 ― Hachirō
      九郎 ― Kurō
      十郎 ― Jūrō

    See also[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    郎 (eumhun 사내 랑 (sanae rang), South Korea 사내 낭 (sanae nang))

    1. Hanja form? of 랑 (“man”).
    2. Hanja form? of 낭 (“man (South Korea)”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    郎: Hán Nôm readings: lang, lặng, lảng, loang, sang, loen, loẻn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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