saliva

See also: salivá and salivă

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin salīva (“spittle”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *salw-, *sal- (“dirt, dirty”), cognate with Old English salu (“dark, dusky”). More at sallow. False cognate to Finnish sylki (“saliva, spit”) (from Proto-Finno-Ugric *śülke).

Pronunciation

• enPR: sə-līʹ-və IPA^(key): /səˈlaɪvə/
• Rhymes: -aɪvə

Noun

saliva (countable and uncountable, plural salivas or salivae or salivæ)

1. (physiology) A clear, slightly alkaline liquid secreted into the mouth by the salivary glands and mucous glands, consisting of water, mucin, protein, and enzymes. It moistens the mouth, lubricates ingested food, and begins the breakdown of starches.

Synonyms

• spit
• spittle

Derived terms

• salivary
• salivate

Related terms

• salivation

Translations

liquid secreted into the mouth

• Afrikaans: speeksel
• Albanian: pështymë (sq) f
• Arabic: لُعَاب‎‎ m (luʿāb), رِيق‎‎ m (rīq), بُزَاق‎‎ m (buzāq)

  Egyptian Arabic: لعاب‎‎ m (luʿāb), ريق‎‎ m (rīʾ), ريالة‎‎ f (riyala)

• Armenian: թուք (hy) (tʿukʿ)
• Asturian: saliva f, cuspita f
• Azerbaijani: tüpürcək
• Bashkir: шайыҡ (šayïq), төкөрөк (tökörök), һеләгәй (helägäy), шеләгәй (šelägäy)
• Basque: listu, listu
• Belarusian: слі́на f (slína)
• Bengali: লালা (lala)
• Breton: halo (br) m
• Bulgarian: слю́нка f (sljúnka), плю́нка f (pljúnka)
• Burmese: လျှာရည် (my) (hlyarany), သွားရည် (my) (swa:rany)
• Catalan: saliva f
• Chamicuro: sakola
• Chichewa: malovu
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 口水 (hau² seoi²)

  Mandarin: 口水 (zh) (kǒushuǐ), 唾液 (zh) (tuòyè), 唾沫 (zh) (tuòmo), 口涎 (kǒuxián), 涎水 (zh) (xiánshuǐ), 吐沫 (zh) (tùmo)

  Min Nan: 瀾 (zh-min-nan) (nuā)

• Crimean Tatar: silekiy, salya, tükürşük
• Czech: slina (cs) f
• Danish: spyt (da) n
• Dhivehi: ކުޅު‎‎ (kuḷu)
• Dupaningan Agta: ibar
• Dutch: speeksel (nl) n
• Estonian: sülg
• Faroese: ráki m, spýtt n, sputt n
• Finnish: sylki (fi)
• French: salive (fr) f
• Galician: cuspe (gl) m
• Georgian: ნერწყვი (nerc̣q̇vi)
• German: Speichel (de) m
• Greek: σίελος (el) m (síelos), σάλιο (el) n (sálio)

  Ancient Greek: σίελον n (síelon)

• Hebrew: רוק \ רֹק‎‎ (he) m (rok)
• Hindi: लार (hi) f (lār), राल (hi) f (rāl)
• Hungarian: nyál (hu)
• Icelandic: slef n, munnvatn m
• Indonesian: air ludah (id), air liur (id), ludah (id), liur (id)
• Irish: seile f
• Italian: saliva (it) f
• Japanese: 唾 (ja) (つばき, tsubakí, つば, tsuba), 唾液 (だえき, daeki)
• Kazakh: сілекей (silekey)
• Khmer: ទឹកមាត់ (tɨk mŏət)
• Korean: 침 (ko) (chim)
• Kurdish:

  Sorani: لیک‎‎ (ku)

• Kyrgyz: шилекей (ky) (şilekey)
• Lao: ນໍ້າລາຍ (nam lāi)
• Latgalian: slīkys, seilys
• Latin: salīva f
• Latvian: siekalas
• Lithuanian: seilės f pl
• Macedonian: плу́нка f (plúnka), плу́канка f (plúkanka)
• Maltese: bżieq m
• Maori: hāware, hūare, hūware, paraki
• Mongolian: шүлс (mn) (šüls)
• Nogai: силекей (silekey)
• Norman: êcopi
• Norwegian: spytt (no) n
• Old English: please add this translation if you can
• Persian: بزاق‎‎ (fa) (bozâq), گلیز‎‎ (fa) (geliz)
• Polish: ślina (pl) f
• Portuguese: saliva (pt) f
• Romanian: salivă (ro) f
• Russian: слюна́ (ru) f (sljuná), слю́нка (ru) f (sljúnka) (diminutive)
• Scottish Gaelic: seile m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: сли̏на f

  Roman: slȉna (sh) f

• Sinhalese: කෙළ (keḷa)
• Slovak: slina (sk) f
• Slovene: slina (sl) f
• Spanish: saliva (es) f
• Swahili: mate (sw)
• Swedish: spott (sv) n, saliv (sv) c
• Tagalog: lura, laway (tl)
• Tajik: оби даҳан (obi dahan)
• Tamil: உமிழ்நீர் (ta) (umiḻnīr)
• Tatar: селәгәй (tt) (seläğäy)
• Telugu: లాలాజలం (te) (lālājalaṃ)
• Thai: น้ำลาย (náam-laai)
• Turkish: salya (tr), tükürük (tr)
• Turkmen: tüýkülik
• Udmurt: дыльды (dylʹdy)
• Ukrainian: сли́на f (slýna)
• Urdu: لار‎‎ f (lār), رال‎‎ f (rāl)
• Uzbek: sulak (uz), sulakay, tupuk (uz)
• Vietnamese: nước bọt (vi), nước miếng (vi), nước dãi (vi)
• Volapük: salif (vo)
• Welsh: poer m
• Wolof: tëflit, lor (wo)
• Yiddish: שפּײַעכץ‎‎ (shpayekhts)

See also

• drool
• sputum

Anagrams

• Alavis, Avilas, Slavia, Valais, avails, salvia

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French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.li.va/
• Homophones: salivas, salivât

Verb

saliva

1. third-person singular past historic of saliver

Anagrams

• lavais, valais, valsai

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Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saˈli.va/, [s̪äˈl̺iːvä]
• Stress: salìva
• Hyphenation: sa‧li‧va

Etymology 1

From Latin salīva.

Noun

saliva f (plural salive)

1. (physiology) saliva, spittle, spit

Related terms

• salivare
• salivatorio
• salivazione

Etymology 2

See etymology on the main entry.

Verb

saliva

1. third-person singular present indicative of salivare
2. second-person singular imperative of salivare

Etymology 3

See etymology on the main entry.

Verb

saliva

1. third-person singular imperfect indicative of salire

Anagrams

• lisava, salavi, salvai, salvia, vasali

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *solH (compare Irish salach (“dirty”), Welsh halog, English sallow, Russian соло́вый (solóvyj, “cream-colored”))

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /saˈliː.wa/

Noun

salīva f (genitive salīvae); first declension

1. spittle, saliva

Inflection

First declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	salīva	salīvae
genitive	salīvae	salīvārum
dative	salīvae	salīvīs
accusative	salīvam	salīvās
ablative	salīvā	salīvīs
vocative	salīva	salīvae

Derived terms

• salīvō

Descendants

• Catalan: saliva
• English: saliva
• French: salive
• Italian: saliva

• Portuguese: saliva
• Romanian: salivă
• Spanish: saliva
• Swedish: saliv

References

• saliva in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• saliva in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• saliva in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• saliva in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

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Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin salīva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saˈli.va/

Noun

saliva f (plural salivas)

1. saliva, spittle (liquid secreted into the mouth)

Verb

saliva

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of salivar
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of salivar

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Romanian

Noun

saliva f

1. definite singular nominative and accusative form of salivă.

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Spanish

Etymology

From Latin salīva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sa̠ˈli.βa̠]
• See also: sílaba, sábila

Noun

saliva f (plural salivas)

1. saliva, spittle

Verb

saliva

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of salivar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of salivar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of salivar.

Anagrams

• salvia