西方

Chinese

		west	square; quadrilateral; place square; quadrilateral; place; region; direction; side; method; way; prescription; power; upright; just
simp. and trad. (西方)		西	方

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xīfāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ ㄈㄤ

  (Chengdu, SP): xi¹ fang¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic): щифон (xifon, I-I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sai¹ fong¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sî-fông
• Min Nan (POJ): se-hong / se-hng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xīfāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄈㄤ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shifang
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sifang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: xi¹ fang¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xifang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ faŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic: щифон (xifon, I-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi²⁴ fɑŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sai¹ fong¹
    • Yale: sāi fōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹ fong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sei¹ fong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sî-fông
    • Hakka Romanization System: xi´ fong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xi¹ fong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕi²⁴⁻¹¹ foŋ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se-hong
    • Tâi-lô: se-hong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: se'hofng
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /se⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /se³³ hɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /se⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se-hng
    • Tâi-lô: se-hng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: se'hngf
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /se³³ hŋ̍³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /se⁴⁴⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /sei  pʉɐŋ/

Rime
Character	西	方
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	先稽切	府良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sei/	/pʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/sei/	/pʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛi/	/piuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛj/	/puaŋ/
Li Rong	/sei/	/piuaŋ/
Wang Li	/siei/	/pĭwaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/siei/	/piwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xī	fāng

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-nˤər  C-paŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sɯːl  paŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	西	西	方
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī	xī	fāng
Middle Chinese	‹ sej ›	‹ sej ›	‹ pjang ›
Old Chinese	/*s-nˁər/	/*s-nˁər/	/*C-paŋ/
English	west	west	square
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	西	方
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	13236	3023
Phonetic component	西	方
Rime group	微	陽
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	西	方
Old Chinese	/*sɯːl/	/*paŋ/
Notes		甲金文象槳即榜初文， 下初爲單筆，猶旂左初亦作單杆

Noun

西方

1. west
2. (Buddhism) Alternative name for 西天 (xītiān, “Western Paradise”).

Proper noun

西方

1. the Western world; the West

Usage notes

The Standard Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese defines 西方 (xīfāng) in the modern sense as being made up of the various developed capitalist countries, which includes Japan. However, Japan is generally not considered a Western country by the average native speaker of Chinese.

Synonyms

• 西洋 (Xīyáng)

Derived terms

• 西方三聖／西方三圣 (Xīfāng Sānshèng)
• 西方中心主義／西方中心主义 (xīfāngzhōngxīnzhǔyì)

• 西方人 (xīfāngrén)
• 西方化 (xīfānghuà)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (西方):

• → Japanese: 西方(せいほう) (seihō)
• → Korean: 서방 (西方, seobang)
• → Vietnamese: tây phương (西方)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
西	方
せい Grade: 2	ほう Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) せーほー [sèéhóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [se̞ːho̞ː]

Noun

西(せい)方(ほう) • (seihō) 

1. west, western area

Related terms

• 東方(とうほう) (tōhō): east, eastern area
• 南方(なんぽう) (nanpō): south, southern area
• 北方(ほっぽう) (hoppō): north, northern area

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
西	方

Noun

西方

1. Hán tự form of tây phương (“west”).