east

See also: East

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

east

Etymology

From Middle English est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-West Germanic *austr, from Proto-Germanic *austrą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewsér (“east”). Compare West Frisian east, Dutch oost, German Ost, Danish øst, Norwegian Nynorsk aust, Swedish öst.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /iːst/, enPR: ēst
Audio (US): (file)
Audio (UK): (file)
Rhymes: -iːst

Noun

east (plural easts)

The direction of the earth's rotation, specifically 90°.
Alternative form: (abbreviation) E

Portsmouth is to the east of Southampton.

We live in the east of the country.
- 1895, Thomas Hardy, Jude the Obscure:
  In a few hours the birds come to it from all points of the compass – east, west, north, and south […]
The eastern region or area; the inhabitants thereof. [circa 1300]
- 1855, John Reynolds, My Own Times: Embracing Also the History of My Life, page 271:
  We, in the west, agreed amongst ourselves that a penitentiary should be erected with our half of the money arising as above stated; and the east agreed to improve the country in their vicinity with the other half.
(ecclesiastical) In a church: the direction of the altar and chancel; the direction faced by the priest when celebrating ad orientem.
- 2014, Paul Porwoll, Against All Odds: History of Saint Andrew's Parish Church, Charleston, 1706-2013, WestBow Press, →ISBN, page 365:
  A few [Anglican churches in South Carolina, Virginia and Maryland] are oriented other than due [geographic] east—St. Paul's, St. George's, and Prince George's parish churches face northeast and St. Andrew's, southeast. […] Throughout the book I refer directionally to the altar and chancel of St. Andrew's as situated at ecclesiastical east (to avoid overcomplicating matters), not geographical or magnetic southeast. Thus, the altar is located at the east end of the church, and the gallery, at the west.
- 2018, Anat Geva, Modernism and American Mid-20th Century Sacred Architecture, Routledge, →ISBN:
  However, in Mies' chapel, liturgical east is magnetic west.
- 2019, Sarah Hosking, "Coventry Cathedral", in Prickett Stephen Prickett, Edinburgh Companion to the Bible and the Arts, Edinburgh University Press, →ISBN, page 371:
  The tapestry by Graham Sutherland that occupies the whole wall of the liturgical east and geographic north of the cathedral is recognisable to the point of visual exhaustion.

Coordinate terms

(compass points)

northwest	north	northeast
west		east
southwest	south	southeast

Derived terms

Translations

Also see Appendix:Cardinal directions for translations of all compass points

compass point

Acehnese: timu
Afrikaans: oos (af)
Ainu: チュㇷ゚カ (cupka)
Albanian: lindje (sq) f
Amharic: ምሥራቅ (məśraḳ)
Arabic: شَرْق (ar) m (šarq), مَشْرِق m (mašriq)
Hijazi Arabic: شَرْق m (šarg)
Aramaic:
Hebrew: מדנחא f (madnkhā, madnkho)

Syriac: ܡܕܢܚܐ f (madnkhā, madnkho)
Armenian: արևելք (hy) (arewelkʻ)
Old Armenian: արեւելք (arewelkʻ)
Aromanian: datã, Datã
Assamese: পূব (pubo)
Asturian: este (ast) m
Azerbaijani: şərq (az)
Bashkir: көнсығыш (könsığış), шәреҡ (şəreq)
Basque: sortalde, eguzkialde, ekialde
Belarusian: усхо́д (be) m (usxód), ўсход m (ŭsxod)
Bengali: পূর্ব (bn) (purbo)
Bikol Central: sirangan
Breton: reter (br) m
Bulgarian: и́зток (bg) m (íztok)
Burmese: အရှေ့ (my) (a.hre.), ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)
Carpathian Rusyn: восто́к m (vostók)
Catalan: est (ca) m, llevant (ca) m, orient (ca) m
Cebuano: sidlakan
Central Dusun: kohisaon
Central Melanau: wab
Chechen: малхбале (malxbale)
Cherokee: ᏗᎧᎸᎬᎢ (dikalvgvi)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 東／东 (yue) (dung¹), 東方／东方 (dung¹ fong¹)

Dungan: дун (dun), дунфон (dunfon)

Eastern Min: 東／东

Gan: 東／东 (dung¹)

Hakka: 東／东 (tûng)

Hokkien: 東／东 (zh-min-nan) (tang / tong)

Jin: 東／东 (dung¹)

Mandarin: 東／东 (zh) (dōng), 東方／东方 (zh) (dōngfāng)

Northern Min: 東／东 (dóng)

Wu: 東／东

Xiang: 東／东 (dong¹)
Chukchi: никъээн (nikʺėėn), никъэен (nikʺėen), тыӈаӈӄач (tyṇaṇqač)
Cornish: est m, howdrehevel m, howldrevel m
Corsican: estu
Crimean Tatar: şarq, kündoğuş
Czech: východ (cs) m
Danish: øst (da) c
Dhivehi: އިރުމަތި (irumati)
Djambarrpuyngu: ^{(please verify)} dhimurru (Djapu dialect, possibly other dialects)
Dutch: oosten (nl) n
Egyptian: jꜣbt (jꜣbt)
Esperanto: oriento, eosto
Estonian: ida (et), idakaar
Faroese: eystur n
Finnish: itä (fi)
French: est (fr) m, orient (fr) m, levant (fr) m
Galician: leste (gl)
Georgian: აღმოსავლეთი (aɣmosavleti)
German: Osten (de) m, Ost (de) m
Alemannic German: Oschte m, Oschta
Greek: ανατολή (el) f (anatolí)
Ancient: ἀνατολή f (anatolḗ)
Gujarati: પૂર્વ m (pūrva)
Hausa: gabàs
Hawaiian: hikina
Hebrew: מִזְרָח (he) m (mizrákh), קֶדֶם (he) m (kédem) (biblical)
Higaonon: subagan
Hindi: पूर्व (hi) m (pūrv), मशरिक़ m (maśriq), शर्क़ m (śarq), शर्क (hi) m (śark), पूरब (hi) m (pūrab), पूर्वा (hi) f (pūrvā), पूब (hi) m (pūb)
Hungarian: kelet (hu)
Icelandic: austur (is) n
Ido: esto (io)
Ilocano: daya
Indonesian: timur (id)
Ingrian: itä
Interlingua: est, oriente
Irish: oirthear m
Italian: est (it) m, oriente (it) m, levante (it) m
Japanese: 東 (ja) (ひがし, higashi), 東方 (ja) (とうほう, tōhō)
Javanese: wétan (krama-ngoko), purwa (jv) (literary)
Kannada: ಪೂರ್ವ (kn) (pūrva)
Kapampangan: alaya
Karachay-Balkar: кюнчыгъыш (künçığış)
Karo Batak: purba
Kazakh: шығыс (şyğys), күншығыс (künşyğys)
Khakas: іскер (ìsker)
Khmer: ទិសខាងកើត (tɨh khaang kaət), ខាងកើត (khaang kaət), ប្រាចិន (km) (praacən), កើត (km) (kaət)
Kikuyu: irathĩro class 5
Korean: 동(東) (ko) (dong), (nautical) 새 (ko) (sae), 동쪽 (ko) (dongjjok))
Koryak: тэйкэнэнэны (teykenenenə)
Kumyk: гюнтувуш (güntuwuş)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ڕۆژھەڵات (rojhellat)

Northern Kurdish: rojhilat (ku)
Kyrgyz: чығыш, күн чығыш
Lao: ທິດຕາເວັນອອກ (thit tā wen ʼǭk), ຕາເວັນອອກ (tā wen ʼǭk), ບຸລະພາ (bu la phā)
Latgalian: reiti
Latin: oriēns (la) m
Latvian: austrumi m
Ligurian: est
Lingala: monyɛlɛ
Lithuanian: rytai (lt) m pl
Livonian: idā
Macedonian: исток m (istok)
Madurese: tèmor
Maguindanao: sebangan
Malagasy: atsinanana (mg)
Malay: timur (ms)
Malayalam: കിഴക്ക് (ml) (kiḻakkŭ)
Maltese: lvant m, xerq m (archaic)
Manchu: (dergi)
Maori: rāwhiti
Mi'kmaq: ugjipen inan
Middle Persian: 𐭠𐭱𐭮𐭲𐭫 (ōšastar)
Mingrelian: ბჟაიოლი (bžaioli)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: зүүн (mn) (züün), дорно (mn) (dorno)

Mongolian: ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ (ǰegün), ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ (dorun-a)
Nahuatl: tlauhcampa
Navajo: haʼaʼaah
Nepali: पूर्व (ne) (pūrva)
Norman: Êt
Northern Ohlone: nómmo
Norwegian:
Bokmål: øst (no) m, aust (no) m

Nynorsk: aust m
Occitan: èst (oc) m, orient (oc) m, levant (oc) m
Odia: ପୂର୍ବ (or) (purba)
Ojibwe: waabano, waabang
Okinawan: 東 (あがり, agari)
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: въстокъ m (vŭstokŭ), въсходъ m (vŭsxodŭ)

Glagolitic: ⰲⱏⱄⱅⱁⰽⱏ m (vŭstokŭ), ⰲⱏⱄⱈⱁⰴⱏ m (vŭsxodŭ)
Oromo: baha
Pannonian Rusyn: восток m (vostok)
Papiamentu: ost
Pashto: ختيځ (ps) m (xatíj), شرق (ps) m (šarq)
Persian:
Dari: مَشْرِق (fa) (mašriq), خَاوَر (fa) (xāwar), شَرْق (fa) (šarq)

Iranian Persian: مَشْرِق (fa) (mašreğ), خاوَر (fa) (xâvar), شَرْق (fa) (šarğ)
Piedmontese: est m
Polish: wschód (pl) m inan
Portuguese: este (pt) m, leste (pt) m, oriente (pt) m
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi: ਪੂਰਬ m (pūrab)

Shahmukhi: پُورَب m (pūrab)
Quechua: intichay
Romanian: est (ro) n, orient (ro) n, răsărit (ro) n (today uncommon)
Romansch: ost, (Sutselvisch) oriaint
Russian: восто́к (ru) m (vostók), ост (ru) m (ost) (wind, nautical), восхо́д (ru) m (vosxód) (dated, now means "sunrise")
Sami:
Inari Sami: nuorttâ

Kildin Sami: нуҏҏьт (nur̥r̥’t)

Lule Sami: please add this translation if you can

Northern Sami: nuorta, nuorti

Pite Sami: please add this translation if you can

Skolt Sami: please add this translation if you can

Southern Sami: please add this translation if you can

Ume Sami: please add this translation if you can
Sanskrit: पूर्वा (sa) f (pūrvā), पूर्व (sa) (pūrva)
Santali: ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ (samaṅ), ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ
Scots: aist, eist
Scottish Gaelic: ear f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ѝсток m

Roman: ìstok (sh) m
Shor: шығыш, кӱн-шығыш
Sinhalese: නැගෙනහිර (si) (nægenahira)
Slovak: východ m
Slovene: vzhod (sl) m
Southern Altai: кӱнчыгыш (künčïgïš)
Spanish: este (es) m, oriente (es) m, levante (es) m
Swahili: mashariki (sw)
Swedish: öster (sv) c
Tagalog: silangan (tl)
Tajik: шарқ (tg) (šarq), машриқ (mašriq)
Tamil: கிழக்கு (ta) (kiḻakku)
Tatar: көнчыгыш (tt) (könçığış)
Telugu: తూర్పు (te) (tūrpu)
Tetum: lorosa'e
Thai: ทิศ ตะวันออก (tít dtà-wan-ɔ̀ɔk), ตะวันออก (th) (dtà-wan-ɔ̀ɔk), บูรพา (buu-rá-paa)
Tibetan: ཤར (shar)
Tigrinya: ምብራቕ (ti) (məbraḳʰ)
Toba Batak: purba, habinsaran
Tocharian B: kauṃ-pirko
Turkish: doğu (tr), şark (tr) (obsolete)
Turkmen: gündogar
Tuvan: чөөн чүк (çöön çük)
Udmurt: шунды ӝужан пал (šundy džužan pal)
Ugaritic: 𐎖𐎄𐎎 (qdm)
Ukrainian: схід (uk) m (sxid)
Urdu: مَشْرِق (ur) m (maśriq), شَرْق m (śarq), پُورَب m (pūrab)
Uyghur: شەرق (ug) (sherq)
Uzbek: sharq (uz)
Vietnamese: đông (vi) (東 (vi)), phía đông, hướng đông, phương đông
Volapük: lofüd (vo)
Welsh: dwyrain (cy) m
West Coast Bajau: timur
West Frisian: easten (fy) n
Yakut: илин (ilin)
Yámana: itaš
Yiddish: מזרח m (mizrekh)
Yonaguni: アンガイ (aŋgayi)
Zazaki: akewten
Zhuang: doeng, dungh, dunghfangh
ǃXóõ: ǂa̰ã

Adjective

east (not comparable)

Situated or lying in or towards the east; eastward.
(meteorology) Blowing (as wind) from the east.
Of or pertaining to the east; eastern.
From the East; oriental.
(ecclesiastical) Designating, or situated in, the liturgical east.
the east front of a cathedral
- 2014, Paul Porwoll, Against All Odds: History of Saint Andrew's Parish Church, Charleston, 1706-2013, WestBow Press, →ISBN, page 365:
  Throughout the book I refer directionally to the altar and chancel of St. Andrew's as situated at ecclesiastical east (to avoid overcomplicating matters), not geographical or magnetic southeast. Thus, the altar is located at the east end of the church, and the gallery, at the west.
- 2019, Sarah Hosking, "Coventry Cathedral", in Prickett Stephen Prickett, Edinburgh Companion to the Bible and the Arts, Edinburgh University Press, →ISBN, page 371:
  The tapestry by Graham Sutherland that occupies the whole wall of the liturgical east and geographic north of the cathedral is recognisable […] a huge image of Christ on the [liturgical] east end, filling the entire wall and to be visible through the [liturgical] West Window (Fig. 24.2).

Synonyms

(situated or lying in or towards the east): eastward
(meteorology: wind from the east): easterly
(of or pertaining to the east): eastern
(from the East): oriental

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “situated or lying in or towards the east”): westward
(antonym(s) of “meteorology: wind from the east”): westerly
(antonym(s) of “of or pertaining to the east”): western

Translations

in or towards the east

Arabic: شَرْقِيٌّ (šarqiyyun)
Armenian: արևելյան (hy) (arewelyan)
Bavarian: oscht
Belarusian: усхо́дні m (usxódni), ўсхо́дні m (ŭsxódni)
Chinese:
Eastern Min: 東／东 (dĕ̤ng / dŭng)

Mandarin: 東／东 (zh) (dōng)
Czech: východní (cs)
Dutch: oostelijk (nl)
Esperanto: orienta
Finnish: itäinen (fi), (in compounds) itä-
French: à l’est
Greek: ανατολικός (el) m (anatolikós)
Hungarian: keleti (hu)
Indonesian: timur (id)
Italian: orientale (it)
Japanese: 東 (ja) (ひがし, higashi)
Latin: orientalis (la)
Latvian: austrumu
Macedonian: источно (istočno)
Malay: timur (ms)
Maltese: ^{(please verify)} lejn il-lvant
Navajo: haʼaʼaahjigo
Polish: wschodni (pl)
Portuguese: ao leste, oriental (pt)
Rohingya: fuk
Romanian: est (ro)
Russian: восто́чный (ru) (vostóčnyj)
Scottish Gaelic: sear, an ear
Slovak: východný (sk) m
Swedish: ost-, öst-, östra (sv)
Tagalog: silangan (tl)
Telugu: తూర్పు (te) (tūrpu)
Turkish: doğu (tr)
Welsh: dwyrain (cy)
West Frisian: eastlik
Yonaguni: アンガイ (aŋgayi)
Zazaki: akewten n

meteorology: easterly

Arabic: شَرْقِيٌّ (šarqiyyun)
Armenian: արևելյան (hy) (arewelyan)
Czech: východní (cs)
Esperanto: orienta
Faroese: eystan-
Finnish: itäinen (fi), idänpuoleinen, itä-
French: de l’est
Hungarian: keleti (hu)
Italian: di levante
Macedonian: источен m (istočen)
Malay: timur (ms)
Maltese: ^{(please verify)} mil-lvant
Polish: wschodni (pl)
Portuguese: do leste, leste (pt)
Russian: восто́чный (ru) (vostóčnyj)
Slovak: východný (sk) m
Swedish: ostlig (sv), östlig (sv)
Turkish: gün doğusu (tr)
Welsh: dwyreiniol (cy)
Zazaki: rocakewten n

of or pertaining to the east

Arabic: شَرْقِيٌّ (šarqiyyun)
Armenian: արևելյան (hy) (arewelyan)
Belarusian: усхо́дні m (usxódni), ўсхо́дні m (ŭsxódni)
Bulgarian: източен (bg) (iztočen)
Czech: východní (cs)
Dutch: oostelijk (nl)
Esperanto: orienta
Finnish: itäinen (fi), (in compounds) itä-
French: de l’est
Greek: ανατολικός (el) m (anatolikós)
Hungarian: keleti (hu)
Italian: orientale (it)
Japanese: 東部 (ja) (とうぶ, tōbu)
Macedonian: источен m (istočen), источна f (istočna), источно n (istočno)
Malay: timur (ms)
Maltese: ^{(please verify)} tal-lvant
Polish: wschodni (pl)
Portuguese: oriental (pt)
Russian: восто́чный (ru) (vostóčnyj)
Scottish Gaelic: sear, an ear
Slovak: východný (sk) m
Spanish: oriental (es)
Swedish: ostlig (sv), östlig (sv)
Telugu: తూర్పు (te) (tūrpu)
Turkish: doğulu (tr)
Welsh: dwyreiniol (cy)
West Frisian: eastlik
Zazaki: akewtenıc c

from the East

Arabic: شَرْقِيٌّ (šarqiyyun)
Armenian: արևելյան (hy) (arewelyan)
Belarusian: усхо́дні m (usxódni), ўсхо́дні m (ŭsxódni)
Bulgarian: източен (bg) (iztočen)
Czech: východní (cs)
Dutch: oosters (nl)
Esperanto: orienta
Finnish: itäinen (fi), itämainen (fi), orientaalinen (fi), (in compounds) orientaali-
French: oriental (fr) m, orientale (fr) f
Greek: ανατολικός (el) m (anatolikós)
Hungarian: keleti (hu)
Italian: da est
Macedonian: источен m (istočen), источна f (istočna), источно n (istočno)
Malay: timur (ms)
Maltese: ^{(please verify)} mil-lvant
Polish: wschodni (pl)
Portuguese: oriental (pt)
Russian: восто́чный (ru) (vostóčnyj)
Slovak: východný (sk)
Spanish: oriental (es)
Swedish: österländsk (sv), orientalisk (sv)
Telugu: తూర్పు (te) (tūrpu)
Turkish: doğudan
Welsh: o'r dwyrain
Zazaki: hetê akewten m pl

Adverb

east (not comparable)

towards the east; eastwards

Synonyms

(towards the east): eastwards

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “towards the east”): west. westwards

Translations

towards the east

Czech: východně (cs), na východ, k východu, východním směrem
Dutch: oostwaarts (nl)
Esperanto: orienten
Estonian: idas
Finnish: itään (fi), itään päin, itää kohti
French: ^{(please verify)} vers l 'est
Hungarian: kelet felé
Irish: soir
Italian: ^{(please verify)} a est, ^{(please verify)} verso est
Latvian: uz (lv) austrumiem
Polish: na wschód, ku wschodowi
Portuguese: a leste, para o leste, em direção ao leste
Scottish Gaelic: an ear
Slovak: na východ, východne
Spanish: hacia el este, al este, (con) rumbo al este
Swedish: ostvart (sv), österut (sv)
Taos: tə́ybu
Telugu: తూర్పుగా (tūrpugā)
Welsh: tua'r dwyrain
West Frisian: eastlik

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Basque: ^{(please verify)} sortialdeko, ^{(please verify)} ekialdeko
Estonian: ^{(please verify)} idapoolne, ^{(please verify)} ida-, ^{(please verify)} Ida-
Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} del est, ^{(please verify)} oriental

Descendants

→ Cornish: est

Anagrams

AEST, ESTA, SEAT, Seat, TEAs, eats, etas, sate, saté, seat, seta, tase, teas

Estonian

Noun

east

elative singular of iga

Old English

Alternative forms

ēaste f

Etymology

Related to Proto-West Germanic *austr.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /æ͜ɑːst/

Noun

ēast m

the east

Declension

Declension of ēast (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	ēast	ēastas
accusative	ēast	ēastas
genitive	ēastes	ēasta
dative	ēaste	ēastum

Descendants

Middle English: est
- English: east
  - → Cornish: est
- Scots: eist, aist

Adjective

ēast

eastern, easterly

Declension

Declension of ēast — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ēast	ēast	ēast
Accusative	ēastne	ēaste	ēast
Genitive	ēastes	ēastre	ēastes
Dative	ēastum	ēastre	ēastum
Instrumental	ēaste	ēastre	ēaste
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ēaste	ēasta, ēaste	ēast
Accusative	ēaste	ēasta, ēaste	ēast
Genitive	ēastra	ēastra	ēastra
Dative	ēastum	ēastum	ēastum
Instrumental	ēastum	ēastum	ēastum

Declension of ēast — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ēasta	ēaste	ēaste
Accusative	ēastan	ēastan	ēaste
Genitive	ēastan	ēastan	ēastan
Dative	ēastan	ēastan	ēastan
Instrumental	ēastan	ēastan	ēastan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ēastan	ēastan	ēastan
Accusative	ēastan	ēastan	ēastan
Genitive	ēastra, ēastena	ēastra, ēastena	ēastra, ēastena
Dative	ēastum	ēastum	ēastum
Instrumental	ēastum	ēastum	ēastum

Descendants

English: east

Adverb

ēast

from the east
towards the east

Descendants

Middle English: est
- English: east
→ Old French: est
- French: est (see there for further descendants)

West Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian āst, from Proto-West Germanic *austr.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /i.əst/

Adjective

east

east, eastern, easterly

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Noun

east n (plural [please provide])

east

Noun

east c (plural [please provide])

east, eastern former colonies

	noard
west		east
	súd

east

English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Translations

Adjective

Synonyms

Antonyms

Translations

Adverb

Synonyms

Antonyms

Translations

Descendants

Anagrams

Estonian

Noun

Old English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

Adjective

Declension

Descendants

Adverb

Descendants

West Frisian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Inflection

Noun

Noun

See also

Further reading

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