ast

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ast"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Asturian or Asturian asturianu.

Symbol

ast

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Asturian.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Asturian terms

English

Verb

ast

1. Pronunciation spelling of asked, simple past and past participle of ask.
   • 1937, John Steinbeck, Of Mice and Men‎^[1], Penguin Books Limited, published 2000, →ISBN:

     Curley said, "Well, I didn't mean nothing, Slim. I just ast you."

   • 1988 October 21, Bryan Miller, “Strangers in a Train Station”, in Chicago Reader‎^[2]:

     I just ast her.

Anagrams

• S.A.T., Sta., ats, TAs, Sat., Sta, sta, S. A. T., sat, ATs, tas, sat., Tas., ATS, Sat, at's, TSA, SAT, T(S/A), TAS, T.A.s, Tas, TA's, STA

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin hasta (“spear, lance”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈast]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Noun

ast m (plural asts or astos)

1. spit, skewer

   pollastre a l'ast

   chicken on the skewer

Derived terms

• aster
• enastar

Related terms

• asta

Further reading

• “ast” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German ast, from Old High German ast.

Cognates

Cognate with German Ast, Dutch ast, Gothic 𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (asts); also Old Armenian ոստ (ost), Ancient Greek ὄζος (ózos).

Noun

ast m (plural éste)

1. (Sette Comuni) conifer branch

   Dar ast ist guuts holtz so prönnan.

   Conifer branches make excellent firewood.

References

• “ast” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974), Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Ingrian

Spatial inflection of ast

→○	illative	asse
○	inessive	as
○→	elative	ast

Etymology

Derived from astua in a manner similar to Finnish asti. Later analyzed as containing the elative ending.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈɑstɑ/, [ˈɑs̠t]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈɑst/, [ˈɑʃt]
• Rhymes: -ɑst
• Hyphenation: ast

Postposition

ast (+ illative or allative)

1. (of time) up to, until
2. (of distance or motion) all the way to

ast (+ elative or ablative)

1. (of time) ever since
2. (of distance or motion) all the way from

Synonyms

• saa, nasse, nas, nast, asse

Derived terms

• nast

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 22

Khalaj

Perso-Arabic		اَست

Etymology

Cognate with Turkish ast.

Pronunciation

• (Talxâbî) IPA^(key): [ɒsd̥], [ɑsd̥]

Postposition

ast

1. under, below

   Synonym: asra

Noun

ast (definite accusative astı, plural astlar)

1. under, bottom
2. underside

   Synonyms: alt, asra

Declension

Declension of ast

	singular	plural
nominative	ast	astlar
genitive	astııñ	astlarııñ
dative	astqa	astlarqa
definite accusative	astı	astları
locative	astça	astlarça
ablative	astda	astlarda
instrumental	astla	astlarla
equative	astvâra	astlarvâra

Derived terms

• hadaqııñ astı (“shank, sole”)

References

• Doerfer, Gerhard (1971), Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN

Latin

Etymology

Probably a univerbation of at +‎ est with subsequent contraction.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈast]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈast]

Conjunction

ast

1. (law, protasis) but if, and if (in double stipulations)

   Synonyms: sīn autem, sī porrō

2. (literary, often followed by a vowel) but, however, whereas
   1. while, and

   Synonyms: at, sed

3. (literary) and then, forthwith, whereupon (followed immediately by a subject switch, normally a personal pronoun)

References

• “ast” on page 209 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “ast”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 59

Further reading

• “ast”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ast”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Livonian

Verb

ast

1. Salaca form of astõ (“to step”)

Usage notes

The sense “to climb” does not appear to be attested in Salaca Livonian.

References

• Andreas Johan Sjögren, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann (1861), Livisch-deutsches und deutsch-livisches Wörterbuch
• Pajusalu, Karl & Winkler, Eberhard, Salis-livisches Wörterbuch (2009). Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia. Tallinn.

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Central Kurdish ئاست (ast).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑːst/

Noun

ast m or f (Arabic spelling ئاست)

1. level (degree or amount)

Declension

Declension of ast

definite feminine and masculine gender
case	singular		plural
	feminine	masculine
nominative	ast	ast	ast
construct	asta	astê	astên
oblique	astê	astî	astan
demonstrative oblique	wê astê	wî astî	wan astan
vocative	astê	asto	astino
indefinite feminine and masculine gender
case	singular		plural
	feminine	masculine
nominative	astek	astek	astin
construct	asteke	astekî	astine
oblique	astekê	astekî	astinan

References

• Chyet, Michael L. (2020), “ast”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 15

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ast.

Noun

ast m

1. branch

Descendants

• Middle High German: ast
  • Cimbrian: ast
  • German: Ast
  • Luxembourgish: Aascht

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ast.

Noun

ast m

1. branch

Descendants

• Middle Low German: ast

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse ást, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz.

Noun

ast

1. (obsolete) love

   Synonym: kärlek

References

• ast in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)