hasta
English[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Written form of a reduction of has to.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
hasta
- (colloquial) Third-person singular simple present indicative form of hafta: Contraction of has to; is required to
- He hasta visit the doctor.
Etymology 2[edit]
From Spanish hasta (“until”), especially hasta luego (“until later”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Interjection[edit]
hasta
Etymology 3[edit]
Borrowed from Sanskrit हस्त (hasta).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
hasta (plural hastas)
- (Indian classical dance) A hand gesture used to depict the meaning of a song
- 2009, January 21, “Joe Fiorito”, in Tamil dance fine gesture even for our crop of snow[1]:
- A prudent prayer, and a vigorous dance, with many interwoven leaps and twirls and pirouettes, and hastas all around.
See also[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Asturian[edit]
Preposition[edit]
hasta
Bikol Central[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Preposition[edit]
hasta
Breton[edit]
Verb[edit]
hasta
- to hurry
Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Preposition[edit]
hasta
Fala[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Preposition[edit]
hasta
- up to (as much as)
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme VI, Chapter 1::
- Poin encontralsi, a o millol, hasta “oito” o mais.
- There can be found, at best, up to “eight” or more.
- until (up to the time of)
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
- Esti términu Mañegu, o mais pequenu dos tres, formaba parti, con términus de Vilamel i Trevellu, da pruvincia de Salamanca hasta o anu 1833 […]
- This San Martinese locality, the smallest of the three, formed, along with the Vilamen and Trevejo localities, the Salamanca province until the year 1833 […]
Finnish[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
hasta
- Partitive singular form of hapsi.
Anagrams[edit]
Galician[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Attested since circa 1300. From Latin hasta, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰast- (“branch”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
hasta f (plural hastas)
- pole; flagpole
- 1390, Jose Luis Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 117:
- Et rrei Calrros entẽdeo, et com̃o estaua armado de moi boa loriga et de moy boo elmo et cõ moy boa espada et cõplido de grraça de Deus, que era cõ el, entrou ontre as azes dos mouros dando moy grãdes feridas a destro et seestro, matãdo moytos deles ata que chegou onde estaua a carreta, et dou cõ a espada ẽna aste en que estaua o pendon et cortoo
- King Charlemagne understood, and since he was well armed with an excellent chain mail and a very good helm and a very good sword and full with the Grace of God, which was with him, he entered among the lines of the Moors giving large wounds left and right, killing many of them till he arrived where the wagon was, and he hit with the sword the pole where the pennon was and cut it down
- Et rrei Calrros entẽdeo, et com̃o estaua armado de moi boa loriga et de moy boo elmo et cõ moy boa espada et cõplido de grraça de Deus, que era cõ el, entrou ontre as azes dos mouros dando moy grãdes feridas a destro et seestro, matãdo moytos deles ata que chegou onde estaua a carreta, et dou cõ a espada ẽna aste en que estaua o pendon et cortoo
- 1390, Jose Luis Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 117:
- shaft
- 1440, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. Vigo: Galaxia, page 264:
- Et o dito Lopo d'Amoeyro, non acatando a dita trégoa e en quebrantamento dela, diso que o dito dia donte que foran XVIII dias do dito mes do dito ano, en término da dita friguesía de Codeyro, e sen o dito Lopo Rodrigues faser mal nen dano ao dito Lopo d'Amoeyro, que aderesçara a él por lo matar, díselle çertas palabras desonestas e injuriosas, et que él e outros seus III omes, que lle poseran as lanças enos peytos, por lo matar, e que o dito Lopo d'Ameyro, que alçara a lança e que lle dera con a asta dela por lo rostro e por las narises e por los ollos, o qual y logo y mostrou, inchado as narises e os ollos, ante os ditos juises
- And the mentioned Lopo de Amoeiro, having not accepted this truce and thence breaking it, he [sic, it refers to another Lopo] said that yesterday, 18th of this month and year, in the circumscription of the parish of Codeiro, and without the mentioned Lopo Rodríguez having caused any harm to that Lopo de Amoeiro, that he came close to him to kill him, and he told him some dishonest and injurious words, and that he and his three men put their spears in his chest, for killing him; and that this Lopo de Amoeiro rose his spear and stroke with the shaft on his nose and eyes, what he then shew, his swollen nose and eyes, before said judges
- Et o dito Lopo d'Amoeyro, non acatando a dita trégoa e en quebrantamento dela, diso que o dito dia donte que foran XVIII dias do dito mes do dito ano, en término da dita friguesía de Codeyro, e sen o dito Lopo Rodrigues faser mal nen dano ao dito Lopo d'Amoeyro, que aderesçara a él por lo matar, díselle çertas palabras desonestas e injuriosas, et que él e outros seus III omes, que lle poseran as lanças enos peytos, por lo matar, e que o dito Lopo d'Ameyro, que alçara a lança e que lle dera con a asta dela por lo rostro e por las narises e por los ollos, o qual y logo y mostrou, inchado as narises e os ollos, ante os ditos juises
- 1440, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. Vigo: Galaxia, page 264:
- stem
References[edit]
- “asta” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2012.
- “aste” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
- “hasta” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “hasta” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “hasta” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Indonesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Malay hasta, from Sanskrit हस्त (hasta).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
hasta
Derived terms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “hasta” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Disputed. Usually conjectured to be from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto- or *ǵʰasdʰo- (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”) (see below for Indo-European cognates), but the phonetics are problematic. Likely of ultimately non-Indo-European substrate origin.[1][2][3]
Cognates include Irish gas (“stem (of a plant)”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃 (gazds, “spine, aculeus”) and Old Norse gaddr (“spear, goad”) (loaned into English as gad); the Germanic forms would point to a PIE pre-form *ǵʰasdʰo-, but this cannot formally be connected to gas (“stem (of a plant)”), since Proto-Celtic *sd yields Irish *d, as in nead (“nest”) from *nisdós. A relationship with Sanskrit हस्त (hasta, “hand”) (see hir) is unlikely. A relationship with the Albanian words heshtë, ushtë and shtie (all meaning “spear”) is uncertain.[4]
Also compared to Umbrian 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖 (hostatu, acc.pl.m.), 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓 (hostatir, dat.pl.m), of unknown meaning, but the root vowel /o/ does not match the Latin /a/.[2]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈhas.ta/, [ˈhäs̠t̪ä]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈas.ta/, [ˈäst̪ä]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Noun[edit]
hasta f (genitive hastae); first declension
- a spear, lance, pike, carried by soldiers and used for thrusting
- Petere aliquem hastā. ― To attack someone with a spear.
- c. 45 CE – 96 CE, Statius, Thebaid 12.593-595:
- Victumne putāstī / Thēsea, dīre Creōn? Adsum, nec sanguine fessum / crēde; sitit meritōs etiamnum haec hasta cruōrēs.
- Did you think Theseus is defeated, cruel Creon? I am here, and do not believe I'm tired of blood, even my spear is still thirsty for righteous slaughter.
- Victumne putāstī / Thēsea, dīre Creōn? Adsum, nec sanguine fessum / crēde; sitit meritōs etiamnum haec hasta cruōrēs.
Declension[edit]
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | hasta | hastae |
| Genitive | hastae | hastārum |
| Dative | hastae | hastīs |
| Accusative | hastam | hastās |
| Ablative | hastā | hastīs |
| Vocative | hasta | hastae |
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2004), “Avestan siiazd-, Sanskrit sedh-, Latin cēdere”, in Hyllested, Adam, Anders Jørgensen, Jenny Larsson and Thomas Olander, editors, Per Aspera ad Asteriscos: Studia indogermanica in honorem Jens Elmegård Rasmussen sexagenarii Idibus Martiis anno MMIV, Innsbruck: Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft, page 329/330 of 323–332
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “hasta”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 280
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*gazda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172
- ^ “asta” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN
Further reading[edit]
- “hasta”, in Charlton T[homas] Lewis; Charles [Lancaster] Short (1879) […] A New Latin Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.; Cincinnati, Ohio; Chicago, Ill.: American Book Company; Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- “hasta”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- hasta in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- hasta in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to use javelins at a distance, swords at close quarters: eminus hastis, comminus gladiis uti
- the free men are sold as slaves: libera corpora sub corona (hasta) veneunt (B. G. 3. 16. 4)
- to use javelins at a distance, swords at close quarters: eminus hastis, comminus gladiis uti
- “hasta”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “hasta”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
- “hasta”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
- “hasta”, in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976) The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press
- Lewis & Short, A Latin Dictionary
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Low German hasten.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
hasta (present tense hastar, past tense hasta, past participle hasta, passive infinitive hastast, present participle hastande, imperative hasta/hast)
- to hurry
- Han hastar av garde.
- He hurries away.
- to be urgent
- Denne jobben hastar.
- this job is urgent.
Further reading[edit]
- “hasta” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Portuguese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin hasta, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰast- (“branch”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
hasta f (plural hastas)
Related terms[edit]
Spanish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Spanish fasta, and of ultimate uncertain origin. Commonly proposed etymologies are Arabic حَتَّى (ḥattā, “until”) and Latin ad ista (“to this”).
According to Coromines & Pascual (1980:323-324), fasta is first attested with certainty in the 13th century (dubiously earlier since 1074), with variants fata (att. 1098 as hata, Auto de Reyes Magos), adte (att. 1050, very rare), ata (att. ca. 1000, Glosas Emilianenses), adta (att. 945, in a Cardeña document). A(d)ta predominates in pre-literary (pre-13th century) texts, then in the 13th c. there is increasing vacillation between a predominant fata and the variant fasta until fasta becomes established in the 14th c. They propose st as dissimilation of the earlier dt in adta, attempting to render the Arabic geminate tt, and the initial f- (i.e. /ɸ ~ h/) found in various forms renders the initial Arabic /ħ/ of ḥattā. Cognate with Old Portuguese ata, ate (stressed as até?), atẽe, atẽes, atães; Portuguese até; Galician ata, até, atá, asta, astra; Mirandese ata; Asturian fasta, ata; Valencian dasta, hasda, handa.[1]
Viaro (2013) proposes a derivation of fasta from Latin faciem + Latin intrā, after these reduced to faz + t(r)a, cf. Spanish hacia, pointing out Old Spanish adtor became azor instead of *astor. Meanwhile, the mostly pre-13th century a(d)ta would be from Latin ad + intrā, cognate with Old Portuguese atra and ata.[2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
hasta
Preposition[edit]
hasta
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “hasta”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
References[edit]
- ^ Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1983–1991), “hasta”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN
- ^ Viaro, M. E. (2013) Sobre a origem das preposições ibero-românicas hasta, ata e até. Estudos de Lingüística Galega, v. 5.
Swedish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Low German hasten.
Verb[edit]
hasta (present hastar, preterite hastade, supine hastat, imperative hasta)
Conjugation[edit]
| Active | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | hasta | — | ||
| Supine | hastat | — | ||
| Imperative | hasta | — | ||
| Imper. plural1 | hasten | — | ||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | |
| Indicative | hastar | hastade | — | — |
| Ind. plural1 | hasta | hastade | — | — |
| Subjunctive2 | haste | hastade | — | — |
| Participles | ||||
| Present participle | hastande | |||
| Past participle | — | |||
| 1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. | ||||
Synonyms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Ottoman Turkish خسته (hasta), from Persian خسته (xaste).
Adjective[edit]
hasta
Noun[edit]
hasta (definite accusative hastayı, plural hastalar)
Declension[edit]
Related terms[edit]
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English non-lemma forms
- English verb forms
- English colloquialisms
- English contractions
- English terms borrowed from Spanish
- English terms derived from Spanish
- English lemmas
- English non-constituents
- English terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- English terms derived from Sanskrit
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Dance
- English terms with quotations
- Asturian lemmas
- Asturian prepositions
- Bikol Central terms borrowed from Spanish
- Bikol Central terms derived from Spanish
- Bikol Central terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bikol Central lemmas
- Bikol Central prepositions
- Breton lemmas
- Breton verbs
- Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl terms borrowed from Spanish
- Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl terms derived from Spanish
- Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl lemmas
- Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl prepositions
- Fala terms borrowed from Spanish
- Fala terms derived from Spanish
- Fala lemmas
- Fala prepositions
- Fala terms with quotations
- Finnish non-lemma forms
- Finnish noun forms
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Latin terms with unknown etymologies
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from substrate languages
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with audio links
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Latin noun forms
- la:Spears
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms borrowed from Middle Low German
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Middle Low German
- Norwegian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk weak verbs
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- pt:Weapons
- Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms derived from Old Spanish
- English terms with unknown etymologies
- Spanish terms derived from Arabic
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio links
- Spanish terms with homophones
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish adverbs
- Spanish terms with usage examples
- Spanish prepositions
- Swedish terms borrowed from Middle Low German
- Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish verbs
- Swedish weak verbs
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Persian
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish adjectives
- Turkish nouns
- Turkish colloquialisms
- tr:Health