左
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Translingual[edit]
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Han character[edit]
左 (radical 48, 工+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 大一 (KM), four-corner 40011, composition ⿸𠂇工)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 325, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8720
- Dae Jaweon: page 626, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 411, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5DE6
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
左 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 左 | |||||
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| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (左) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 左 | *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls |
| 佐 | *ʔsaːls |
| 袏 | *ʔslaːls |
| 蹉 | *sʰlaːl |
| 瑳 | *sʰlaːl, *sʰlaːlʔ |
| 搓 | *sʰlaːl |
| 磋 | *sʰlaːl |
| 溠 | *sʰlaːl, *sraːl, *ʔsraːls |
| 傞 | *sʰlaːl, *slaːl |
| 醝 | *zlaːl |
| 瘥 | *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *sʰreːls |
| 鹺 | *zlaːl |
| 嵯 | *zlaːl, *sʰral |
| 嵳 | *zlaːl |
| 蒫 | *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *ʔslɯl |
| 艖 | *zlaːl, *sʰraːl |
| 齹 | *zlaːl, *sʰral, *zral |
| 縒 | *slaːlʔ, *sʰral, *sʰlaːɡ |
| 褨 | *slaːlʔ |
| 嗟 | *ʔsljal |
| 差 | *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral |
| 鎈 | *sʰraːl |
| 槎 | *zraːl, *zraːlʔ |
| 髊 | *zlals |
Originally as 𠂇 in the oracle bone script: Pictogram (象形) – a left hand. Compare 又 (“right hand”).
Late bronze inscription forms show an added 工 (“work; to assist?”) component, i.e. the current form is a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls): phonetic 𠂇 + semantic 工, representing the original form of 佐 (OC *ʔsaːls, “to assist”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
左
- left (direction)
- 左手 ― zuǒshǒu ― left hand
- east; areas to the east
- (historical) inferior position
- unorthodox; wrong
- erroneously; mistakingly
- different; divided; inconsistent
- (politics) left-wing
- (Sichuan, of singing) out of tune; off-key
- (Southwestern Mandarin, including Sichuan) to exchange
- A surname.
Antonyms[edit]
- 右 (yòu, “right”)
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 左
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Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
左
Readings[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 左 |
| ひだり Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
/hidari/: *[pidari] → [ɸidari] → [çidari].
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
左 (hiragana ひだり, rōmaji hidari)
- (direction) left, the side of the left hand
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 229)
- Fidari. ヒダリ (左) 左手, または, 左の方
- 1999 August 10, “
封 印 されし者 の左 腕 [Left Arm of the Sealed One]”, in 幻の召喚神 [Phantom God] (in Japanese), Konami:- 封印された左腕。封印を解くと、無限の力を得られる。
- Fūinsareta hidariude. Fūin o toku to, mugen no chikara o erareru.
- A sealed left arm. Whosoever breaks the seal shall earn infinite power.
- 封印された左腕。封印を解くと、無限の力を得られる。
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 229)
- (politics) a leftist
Antonyms[edit]
- (left): 右 (migi, “right”)
Derived terms[edit]
- 左側 (hidarigawa)
- 左利き (hidarikiki)
- 左手 (hidarite)
- 左巻き (hidarimaki)
- 左上 (hidariue)
- 左下 (hidarishita)
- 右左 (migihidari)
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 左 |
| さ Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- the left in vertical writing
- the following (one)
- 1905, Natsume Sōseki, I am a Cat[1]::
- 吾輩はまず彼がどのくらい無学であるかを試してみようと思って左の問答をして見た。
- Wagahai wa mazu kare ga dono kurai mugaku de aru ka o tameshite miyō to omotte sa no mondō o shite mita.
- To judge just how uneducated he was, I posed the following question.
- 吾輩はまず彼がどのくらい無学であるかを試してみようと思って左の問答をして見た。
References[edit]
- Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
Korean[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- Sound: [t͡ɕwɐ]
- Name: [øn]/[we̞n]
Hanja[edit]
左 • (jwa)
Derived terms[edit]
- 좌수사 (左水使, jwasusa)
- 좌승지 (左承旨, jwaseungji)
- 좌우 (左右, jwau)
- 좌우지간 (左右之間, jwaujigan)
- 좌익 (左翼, jwaik)
- 좌익수 (左翼手, jwaiksu)
- 좌의정 (左議政, jwauijeong)
- 좌지우지 (左之右之, jwajiuji)
- 좌천 (左遷, jwacheon)
- 좌측 (左側, jwacheuk)
- 좌향좌 (左向左, jwahyangjwa)
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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