左

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Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
左-bw.png

Etymology[edit]

Originally written 𠂇. Pictogram (象形) - a left hand. Compare 又 ("right hand").

左 was originally a combined form of 𠂇 and 工 ("work") meaning "to help". But later 佐 took this meaning and 左 then took the meaning of 𠂇.

Han character[edit]

左 (radical 48 工+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 大一 (KM), four-corner 40011, composition ⿸𠂇工)

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 325, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8720
  • Dae Jaweon: page 626, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 411, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5DE6

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 左

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 左
Mandarin Beijing /t͡suo²¹⁴/
Harbin /t͡suo²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡suo¹³/
Jinan /t͡suə²¹/
Qingdao /t͡suə²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡suo⁵³/
Xi'an /t͡suo⁵³/
Xining /t͡su⁵³/
Yinchuan /t͡suə⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡suə⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡suɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡suo⁴²/
Chengdu /t͡so⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡so⁴²/
Kunming /t͡so⁵³/
Nanjing /t͡so²¹²/
Hefei /t͡sʊ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sɤ⁵³/
Pingyao /t͡ɕie̞³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡suɤ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡su³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡səu⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /t͡so⁵³/
Wenzhou /tɤu³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡so³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡so³¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡so⁴¹/
Xiangtan /t͡so⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡so²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /t͡so³¹/
Taoyuan /t͡so³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɔ³⁵/
Nanning /t͡sɔ³⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sɔ³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡so⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡so³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sɔ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡so⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /to²¹³/
Rime
Character 左 左
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 精 (13) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 歌 (94) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 臧可切 則箇切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡sɑX/ /t͡sɑH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡sɑX/ /t͡sɑH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sɑX/ /t͡sɑH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡saX/ /t͡saH/
Li
Rong		 /t͡sɑX/ /t͡sɑH/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sɑX/ /t͡sɑH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡sɑX/ /t͡sɑH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zuǒ zuò
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 左 左 左
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zuǒ zuǒ zuǒ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsaX › ‹ tsaX › ‹ tsaH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tsˤa[j]ʔ/ /*tsˤa[j]ʔ/ /*tsˤarʔ-s/
English left (side) assist assist

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 左 左
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 18004 18006
Phonetic
component		 左 左
Rime
group		 歌 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 左 佐
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsaːlʔ/ /*ʔsaːls/

Definitions[edit]

左

  1. left
    左手  ―  zuǒshǒu  ―  left hand
  2. the left (side)

Antonyms[edit]

  • 右 (yòu, “right”)

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

/hidari/: *[pidari] → [ɸidari] → [çidari].

Kanji[edit]

See also:
左

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

左 ‎(hiragana ひだり, romaji hidari)

  1. (direction) left, the side of the left hand
    • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 229)
      Fidari. ヒダリ (左) 左手, または, 左の方
  2. (politics) a leftist
Antonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Noun[edit]

左 ‎(hiragana さ, romaji sa)

  1. the left in vertical writing
  2. the following (one)
    • 1905, Natsume Sōseki, 吾輩は猫である:
      吾輩 (わがはい)はまず彼 (かれ)がどのくらい無学 (むがく)であるかを試 (ため)してみようと思 (おも)って左 (さ)の問答 (もんどう)をして見 (み)た。
      Wagahai wa mazu kare ga dono kurai mugaku de aru ka o tameshite miyō to omotte sa no mondō o shite mita.
      To judge just how uneducated he was, I posed the following question.

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Sound: [t͡ɕwɐ]
  • Name: [øn]/[we̞n]

Hanja[edit]

左 • ‎(jwa)
Eumhun:

  • Sound (hangeul): 좌 (McCune-Reischauer: chwa, Yale: cwa)
  • Name (hangeul): 왼 (revised: oen, McCune-Reischauer: oen, Yale: oyn)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

左 (tả, tá, huy)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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