方
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See also: 万
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Translingual[edit]
| Traditional | 方 |
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| Simplified | 方 |
| Japanese | 方 |
| Korean | 方 |
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| Stroke order (alternative) | |||
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| Stroke order (alternative) | |||
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Han character[edit]
方 (radical 70, 方+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹尸 (YHS), four-corner 00227, composition ⿱丶万)
- Kangxi radical #70, ⽅.
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 481, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13620
- Dae Jaweon: page 842, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2172, character 1
- Unihan data for U+65B9
Further reading[edit]
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
方 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 方 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 縍 | *paːŋ |
| 榜 | *paːŋʔ, *praːŋs, *braːŋ |
| 蒡 | *paːŋʔ, *braːŋ |
| 牓 | *paːŋʔ |
| 螃 | *paːŋʔ, *paːŋs, *baːŋ |
| 搒 | *paːŋs, *braːŋ |
| 舫 | *paːŋs, *paŋs |
| 謗 | *paːŋs |
| 雱 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 磅 | *pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ |
| 霶 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 滂 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 鎊 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 髈 | *pʰaːŋʔ, *baːŋ |
| 彷 | *baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ |
| 趽 | *baːŋ, *paŋ, *paŋs |
| 房 | *baːŋ, *baŋ |
| 篣 | *baːŋ, *braːŋ |
| 騯 | *baːŋ, *praːŋ, *braːŋ |
| 傍 | *baːŋ, *baːŋs |
| 膀 | *baːŋ |
| 旁 | *baːŋ |
| 徬 | *baːŋs |
| 閍 | *praːŋ |
| 祊 | *praːŋ |
| 嗙 | *praːŋ |
| 方 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 汸 | *paŋ |
| 坊 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 邡 | *paŋ, *pʰaŋs |
| 枋 | *paŋ |
| 鈁 | *paŋ |
| 蚄 | *paŋ |
| 肪 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 鴋 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 牥 | *paŋ |
| 昉 | *paŋʔ |
| 瓬 | *paŋʔ |
| 放 | *paŋʔ, *paŋs |
| 倣 | *paŋʔ |
| 芳 | *pʰaŋ |
| 淓 | *pʰaŋ |
| 妨 | *pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs |
| 紡 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 仿 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 髣 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 鶭 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 訪 | *pʰaŋs |
| 防 | *baŋ, *baŋs |
| 魴 | *baŋ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意): 一 + 刀 (“sword”) – blade; tip of a blade. Original form of 芒 (OC *maːŋ, *maŋ, “awn (of cereal); tip (of blade)”); later borrowed to mean “side”. Other theories regarding the origin of this character also exist.
It is unrelated to 㫃 (“fluttering flag”), from which characters like 旗 (OC *ɡɯ, “flag”) and 旅 (OC *ɡ·raʔ, “troops”) are derived.
Etymology 1[edit]
- "side; square; region"
- Probably related to 旁 (OC *baːŋ), 傍 (OC *baːŋ, *baːŋs) (Schuessler, 2007).
- "parallel boats"
- Cognate with 舫 (OC *paːŋs, *paŋs, “boat”), 艕 (“boat”). According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *poŋ (“raft; float”); compare Burmese ဖောင် (hpaung, “raft”), Jingpho hpong (“kac”). According to Schuessler (2007), this etymon is an area word; compare Thai พ่วง (pûuang, “raft; pontoon”), Proto-Austronesian *qabaŋ (“boat”), Old Mon kɓaŋ (“ship; boat”).
- "just now"; "now"
- Cognate with 甫 (OC *paʔ, “just now”). Compare Jingpho hpang (phaŋ³³, “to begin”), Proto-Kuki-Chin *pran (“to begin”) (STEDT).
- "method; law"
- Etymology not certain. May be the same word as 方 (OC *paŋ, “side; square; region”). Cognate with 仿 (OC *pʰaŋʔ, “to imitate”). Perhaps cognate with Tibetan བྱང་བ (byang ba, “skill; experience”), Tibetan སྦྱངས (sbyangs, “trained; exercised studied”) (Schuessler, 2007). Alternatively, it may belong to Khmer ព្រាង (priəng, “to draft; to sketch”) < Khmer រាង (riəng, “shape; form; figure”). If so, it belongs to an Austroasiatic allofam which includes 狀 (OC *zraŋs, “form; appearance”). "Law; norm; standard" is a common extension of "form; shape".
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Definitions[edit]
方
- † parallel; side by side
- † parallel boats
- † raft made of bamboo
- † to match; to be equal to
- † to compare; to set side by side
- † to differentiate; to discriminate
- † to occupy; to take up
- (mathematics) square; rectangle; cube
- side; aspect; party
- place; region; locality
- orientation; direction
- all sides; all directions
- law; rule; reason
- method; way
- sort; category; kind
- moral principle and knowledge; learning
- earth; solid earth; ground
- (traditional Chinese medicine) prescription
- (mathematics) power
- (mathematics) Short for 平方米 (píngfāngmǐ, “Classifier for square metre.”).
- (mathematics) Short for 立方米 (lìfāngmǐ, “Classifier for cubic metre.”).
- circumference; perimeter
- upright; honest; irreproachable
- 方正 ― fāngzhèng ― upright; righteous
- just; just when; at the time when; just now; now
- 方興未艾 / 方兴未艾 ― fāngxìngwèi'ài ― to be now rising or flourishing and have not yet stopped
- 為人子，方少時，親師友，習禮儀。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Three Character Classic, circa 13th century CE
- Wèi rénzǐ, fāng shàoshí, qīn shīyǒu, xí lǐyí. [Pinyin]
- He who is the son of a man, when he is young, should attach himself to his teachers and friends, and practise ceremonial usages.
为人子，方少时，亲师友，习礼仪。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- 國家方危，諸侯方貳，將以襲敵人，不亦難乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, circa 4th century BCE
- Guójiā fāng wēi, zhūhóu fāng èr, jiāng yǐ xí dírén, bùyì nán hū? [Pinyin]
- The State is now in a perilous condition, and the other States are now disaffected towards it; shall we not find it a difficult enterprise to invade an enemy in such circumstances?
国家方危，诸侯方贰，将以袭敌人，不亦难乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 趙方西憂秦，南憂楚，其力不能禁我。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, circa 91 BCE
- Zhào fāng xī yōu Qín, nán yōu Chǔ, qí lì bùnéng jìn wǒ. [Pinyin]
- Zhao is now worrying about Qin in the west and Chu in the south; it cannot restrain us with its strength.
赵方西忧秦，南忧楚，其力不能禁我。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 對於文化問題，我是門外漢，想研究一下，也方在開始。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1940, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《新民主主義論》 (On New Democracy), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition
- Duìyú wénhuà wèntí, wǒ shì ménwàihàn, xiǎng yánjiū yīxià, yě fāng zài kāishǐ. [Pinyin]
- I am a layman in matters of culture; I would like to study them, but have only just begun to do so.
对于文化问题，我是门外汉，想研究一下，也方在开始。 [MSC, simp.]
- just; only
- Synonym: 才 (cái)
- 書到用時方恨少 / 书到用时方恨少 ― shūdàoyòngshífānghènshào ― to regret not acquiring enough knowledge only when it comes time to apply it
- at (a specific time)
- will; going to
- (dictionaries) Short for 方言 (fāngyán, “dialect”).
- A surname.
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 方
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Descendants[edit]
Others:
- → Vietnamese: vuông
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Definitions[edit]
方
- Only used in 方輿／方舆 (Fángyù, “an ancient county in modern Shandong”).
- to disobey
- Alternative form of 房 (fáng).
- Alternative form of 防 (fáng).
Etymology 2[edit]
Rendering of a dialectal pronunciation of 慌 (huāng).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
方 (Mainland China, neologism, slang)
Etymology 3[edit]
| For pronunciation and definitions of 方 – see 仿 (“to imitate; to resemble; to be similar; etc.”). (This character, 方, is a variant form of 仿.) |
Etymology 4[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
方
Etymology 5[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
方
- Only used in 方良.
Etymology 6[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
方
- phon (unit of apparent loudness)
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
方
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)←はう (fau, historical)
- Kan-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)←はう (fau, historical)
- Kun: かた (kata, 方, Jōyō); まさに (masani, 方に); ならべる (naraberu); くらべる (kuraberu)
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 方 |
| ほう Grade: 2 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 方 (pjang).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- direction, way, side
- more so (preceded by ～の, often followed by ～が)
- この時計の方がそっちより高いです。
- Kono tokei no hō ga sotchi yori takai desu.
- This watch is more expensive than that one.
- この時計の方がそっちより高いです。
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 方 |
| かた Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (polite) person
- あの方。
- Ano kata.
- That person. (polite)
- あの方はどなたですか。
- Ano kata wa donata desu ka.
- Who is that gentleman? (formal)
- あの方。
Synonyms[edit]
- (plain) 人 (hito)
Suffix[edit]
- way, method (of doing)
- 書き方
- kakikata
- way of writing something; how to write something
- 使い方
- tsukaikata
- way of using something; how to use something
- 書き方
See also[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
pe > ɸe > we > e.
Suffix[edit]
- a suffix expressing location, direction, or time
Derived terms[edit]
- 古 (inishie)
- Lua error: not enough memory
Etymology 4[edit]
Lua error: not enough memory
From Lua error: not enough memory. Originally a compound of Lua error: not enough memory.[3]
Pronunciation[edit]
Lua error: not enough memory
Alternative forms[edit]
- Lua error: not enough memory
Noun[edit]
Lua error: not enough memory
- a person's appearance Lua error: not enough memory
- the state or situation of a thing
- the general trend, tenor, or feel of a thing
- one's social station, status, or quality
- the way or means of doing something, how one does something
- the reason or circumstances for something
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, Lua error: not enough memory (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBNLua error: not enough memory
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 1998, Lua error: not enough memory (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBNLua error: not enough memory
- ^ 1988, Lua error: not enough memory (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
Lua error: not enough memory
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
Lua error: not enough memory
- Hán tự form of Lua error: not enough memory.
Compounds[edit]
- Lua error: not enough memory
- Lua error: not enough memory
References[edit]
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