方

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See also: 万
方 U+65B9, 方
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65B9
← 斸
[U+65B8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 斺 →
[U+65BA]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
4 strokes
Stroke order
方-order.gif
Stroke order
(alternative)
方-aorder.gif

Han character[edit]

Commons-logo.svg
See images of
Radical 70 方

方 (radical 70, 方+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹尸 (YHS), four-corner 00227, composition ⿱丶万)

  1. Kangxi radical #70, ⽅.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 481, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13620
  • Dae Jaweon: page 842, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2172, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+65B9

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 方

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 方
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
方-oracle.svg 方-bronze.svg 方-silk.svg 方-seal.svg 方-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (方) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
縍 *paːŋ
榜 *paːŋʔ, *praːŋs, *braːŋ
蒡 *paːŋʔ, *braːŋ
牓 *paːŋʔ
螃 *paːŋʔ, *paːŋs, *baːŋ
搒 *paːŋs, *braːŋ
舫 *paːŋs, *paŋs
謗 *paːŋs
雱 *pʰaːŋ
磅 *pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ
霶 *pʰaːŋ
滂 *pʰaːŋ
鎊 *pʰaːŋ
髈 *pʰaːŋʔ, *baːŋ
彷 *baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ
趽 *baːŋ, *paŋ, *paŋs
房 *baːŋ, *baŋ
篣 *baːŋ, *braːŋ
騯 *baːŋ, *praːŋ, *braːŋ
傍 *baːŋ, *baːŋs
膀 *baːŋ
旁 *baːŋ
徬 *baːŋs
閍 *praːŋ
祊 *praːŋ
嗙 *praːŋ
方 *paŋ, *baŋ
汸 *paŋ
坊 *paŋ, *baŋ
邡 *paŋ, *pʰaŋs
枋 *paŋ
鈁 *paŋ
蚄 *paŋ
肪 *paŋ, *baŋ
鴋 *paŋ, *baŋ
牥 *paŋ
昉 *paŋʔ
瓬 *paŋʔ
放 *paŋʔ, *paŋs
倣 *paŋʔ
芳 *pʰaŋ
淓 *pʰaŋ
妨 *pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs
紡 *pʰaŋʔ
仿 *pʰaŋʔ
髣 *pʰaŋʔ
鶭 *pʰaŋʔ
訪 *pʰaŋs
防 *baŋ, *baŋs
魴 *baŋ

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 一 + 刀 (“sword”) – blade; tip of a blade. Original form of 芒 (OC *maːŋ, *maŋ, “awn (of cereal); tip (of blade)”); later borrowed to mean “side”. Other theories regarding the origin of this character also exist.

It is unrelated to 㫃 (“fluttering flag”), from which characters like 旗 (OC *ɡɯ, “flag”) and 旅 (OC *ɡ·raʔ, “troops”) are derived.

Etymology 1[edit]

EB1911 - Volume 01 - Page 001 - 1.svg This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “seems to have several different etyma”

Compare:

  1. 旁 (OC *baːŋ), 傍 (OC *baːŋ, *baːŋs) ("side")
  2. 舫 (OC *paːŋs, *paŋs), 艕 ("boat")
  3. 甫 (OC *paʔ) ("to begin")
  4. 放 (OC *paŋʔ, *paŋs), 仿 (OC *pʰaŋʔ) ("to imitate")

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • hng - vernacular (“prescription; place”);
  • png/puiⁿ - vernacular (surname);
  • hong - literary.
Note:
  • bang1 - vernacular (“square; power; unit of measurement”);
  • hng1 - vernacular (“prescription”);
  • bung1 - vernacular (surname);
  • huang1 - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 方
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
    Final (韻) 陽 (106)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 府良切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/pʉɐŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/pʷiɐŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/piuɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/puaŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/piuaŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/pĭwaŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/piwaŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		fāng
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 方 方 方
    Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		fāng fāng fāng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ pjang › ‹ pjang › ‹ pjang ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C-paŋ/ /*paŋ/ /*paŋ/
    English square method just, then

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 方
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 3023
    Phonetic
    component         		方
    Rime
    group         		陽
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		方
    Old
    Chinese         		/*paŋ/
    Notes 甲金文象槳即榜初文，下初爲單筆，猶旂左初亦作單杆
    Definitions[edit]

    方

    1. † parallel; side by side
    2. † parallel boats
    3. † raft made of bamboo
    4. † to match; to be equal to
    5. † to compare; to set side by side
    6. † to differentiate; to discriminate
    7. † to occupy; to take up
    8. (mathematics) square; rectangle; cube
    9. side; aspect; party
      方面  ―  fāngmiàn  ―  aspect; side
    10. place; region; locality
    11. orientation; direction
    12. all sides; all directions
    13. law; rule; reason
    14. method; way
    15. sort; category; kind
    16. moral principle and knowledge; learning
    17. earth; solid earth; ground
    18. (traditional Chinese medicine) prescription
    19. (mathematics) power
      • 2的3次方是8。  ―  2 de 3 cìfāng shì 8.  ―  2 to the third power is 8.
    20. (mathematics) Short for 平方米 (píngfāngmǐ, “Classifier for square metre.”).
    21. (mathematics) Short for 立方米 (lìfāngmǐ, “Classifier for cubic metre.”).
    22. circumference; perimeter
    23. upright; honest; irreproachable
    24. just; just when; at the time when; just now; now
    25. just; only
    26. at (a specific time)
    27. (dictionaries) Short for 方言 (fāngyán, “dialect”).
    28. A surname​.
    Compounds[edit]
    Derived terms from 方

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 方
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 並 (3)
    Final (韻) 陽 (106)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 符方切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/bʉɐŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/bʷiɐŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/biuɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/buaŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/biuaŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/bĭwaŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/bʱiwaŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		fáng
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 方
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 3056
    Phonetic
    component         		方
    Rime
    group         		陽
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		房
    Old
    Chinese         		/*baŋ/
    Definitions[edit]

    方

    1. Only used in 方輿／方舆 (Fángyù, “an ancient county in modern Shandong”).
    2. to disobey
    3. Alternative form of 房 (fáng).
    4. Alternative form of 防 (fáng).

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Rendering of a dialectal pronunciation of 慌 (huāng).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    方 (Mainland China, neologism, slang)

    1. to panic
      我方了！  ―  Wǒ fāng le!  ―  I panic!
    2. panicky
      好方！  ―  Hǎo fāng!  ―  So panicky!

    Etymology 3[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 方 – see 仿 (“to imitate; to resemble; to be similar; etc.”).
    (This character, 方, is a variant form of 仿.)

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    方

    1. Used in 方羊.
    2. Used in 方洋.
    3. Used in 方皇.
    4. Alternative form of 旁 (páng).

    Etymology 5[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    方

    1. Only used in 方良.

    Etymology 6[edit]

    Borrowed from English phon

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    方

    1. phon (unit of apparent loudness)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    方

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. direction
    2. person
    3. alternative

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    方
    ほう
    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 方 (pjang).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    方 (hiragana ほう, rōmaji hō, historical hiragana はう)

    1. direction, way, side
      鬼 (おに)さんこちら、手 (て)の鳴 (な)る方 (ほう)へ
      oni-san kochira, te no naru hō e
      hey, "it", over here, to (the direction of) the clapping of the hands (phrase said in tag)
    2. moreso (preceded by ～の, often followed by ～が)
      この時 (と)計 (けい)の方 (ほう)がそのより高 (たか)いです。
      Kono tokei no hō ga sono yori takai desu.
      This watch is more expensive than that [one].

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    方
    かた
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    方 (hiragana かた, rōmaji kata)

    1. (polite) person
      あの方 (かた)。
      Ano kata.
      That person. (polite)
      あの方 (かた)はどなたですか。
      Ano kata wa donata desu ka.
      Who is that gentleman? (formal)
    Synonyms[edit]

    Suffix[edit]

    方 (hiragana かた, rōmaji -kata)

    1. way, method (of doing)
      書 (か)き方 (かた)
      kakikata
      way of writing something; how to write something
      使 (つか)い方 (かた)
      tsukaikata
      way of using something; how to use something
    See also[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    pe > ɸe > we > e.

    Suffix[edit]

    方 (hiragana え, rōmaji -e, historical hiragana へ)

    1. a suffix expressing location, direction, or time
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    方
    さま
    Grade: 2
    Irregular

    From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of さ (sa, “that”, pronominal indicating a person, place, thing, or direction in the middle distance) +‎ ま (ma, “likeness, way, similarity”, suffix indicating a quality).[3]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    方 (hiragana さま, rōmaji sama)

    1. a person's appearance (as of body, or style, or face, etc.)
    2. the state or situation of a thing
    3. the general trend, tenor, or feel of a thing
    4. one's social station, status, or quality
    5. the way or means of doing something, how one does something
    6. the reason or circumstances for something

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    3. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    方 • (bang)

    • Eumhun:
      • Sound (hangeul): 방 (revised: bang, McCune–Reischauer: pang, Yale: pang)
      • Name (hangeul): 모
    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    方: Hán Việt readings: phương (府(phủ)良(lương)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
    方: Nôm readings: phương[1][2][3], vuông[1][3][4], phăng[1]

    1. Hán tự form of phương (“way; direction; means; method”).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
    4. ^ Hồ (1976).
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=方&oldid=51985805"