傍

傍 U+508D, 傍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-508D ← 傌 [U+508C] CJK Unified Ideographs 傎 → [U+508E]

Translingual

Han character

傍 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人卜月尸 (OYBS), four-corner 2022₇, composition ⿰亻旁)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 113, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 948
• Dae Jaweon: page 240, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 205, character 6
• Unihan data for U+508D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		傍
alternative forms		旁

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 傍
Small seal script s05798 Transcribed ancient scripts L32887
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (方) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
縍	*paːŋ
榜	*paːŋʔ, *praːŋs, *braːŋ
蒡	*paːŋʔ, *braːŋ
牓	*paːŋʔ
螃	*paːŋʔ, *paːŋs, *baːŋ
搒	*paːŋs, *braːŋ
舫	*paːŋs, *paŋs
謗	*paːŋs
雱	*pʰaːŋ
磅	*pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ
霶	*pʰaːŋ
滂	*pʰaːŋ
鎊	*pʰaːŋ
髈	*pʰaːŋʔ, *baːŋ
彷	*baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ
趽	*baːŋ, *paŋ, *paŋs
房	*baːŋ, *baŋ
篣	*baːŋ, *braːŋ
騯	*baːŋ, *praːŋ, *braːŋ
傍	*baːŋ, *baːŋs
膀	*baːŋ
旁	*baːŋ
徬	*baːŋs
閍	*praːŋ
祊	*praːŋ
嗙	*praːŋ
方	*paŋ, *baŋ
汸	*paŋ
坊	*paŋ, *baŋ
邡	*paŋ, *pʰaŋs
枋	*paŋ
鈁	*paŋ
蚄	*paŋ
肪	*paŋ, *baŋ
鴋	*paŋ, *baŋ
牥	*paŋ
昉	*paŋʔ
瓬	*paŋʔ
放	*paŋʔ, *paŋs
倣	*paŋʔ
芳	*pʰaŋ
淓	*pʰaŋ
妨	*pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs
紡	*pʰaŋʔ
仿	*pʰaŋʔ
髣	*pʰaŋʔ
鶭	*pʰaŋʔ
訪	*pʰaŋs
防	*baŋ, *baŋs
魴	*baŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *baːŋ, *baːŋs): semantic 亻 + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bàng, bāng (bang⁴, bang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄤˋ, ㄅㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bong⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phong
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pn̄g / pōng
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶baon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bàng
    • Wade–Giles: pang⁴
    • Yale: bàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: banq
    • Palladius: бан (ban)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bang
    • Wade–Giles: pang¹
    • Yale: bāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bang
    • Palladius: бан (ban)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ⁵⁵/

Note: bāng - used in the sense “to approach” in words such as 傍晚 and 傍午 (standard in Taiwan).

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bong⁶
    • Yale: bohng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bong⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: bong⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phong
    • Hakka Romanization System: pong
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pong⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰoŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pn̄g
    • Tâi-lô: pn̄g
    • Phofsit Daibuun: png
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pŋ̍³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pŋ̍²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pŋ̍⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōng
    • Tâi-lô: pōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pong
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔŋ⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pɔŋ²²/

Note:

• pn̄g - vernacular;
• pōng - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶baon
    • MiniDict: baon^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³baan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bɑ̃²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: bangH

Rime
Character	傍
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蒲浪切
Baxter	bangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɑŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/bɑŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/bɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baŋH/
Li Rong	/bɑŋH/
Wang Li	/bɑŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱɑŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bong6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤaŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*baːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	傍
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bàng
Middle Chinese	‹ bangH ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁaŋ-s/
English	beside; assist
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傍
Reading #	2/2
No.	3010
Phonetic component	方
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	傍
Old Chinese	/*baːŋs/

Definitions

傍

1. to draw near; to be beside; to approach; to be by the side of
2. to be close to; to be almost (in time)
3. to rely on; to depend on
4. to assist
5. (slang) to have an intimate relationship with someone
6. (Cantonese) to accompany

   有人喺我隔離傍住係安心啲嘅。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   有人喺我隔离傍住系安心啲嘅。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   jau⁵ jan⁴ hai² ngo⁵ gaak³ lei⁴ bong⁶ zyu⁶ hai⁶ on¹ sam¹ di¹ ge². [Jyutping]

   It's more relieving to have someone accompanying beside me.

7. (Cantonese) to look after; to look out for somebody
8. (Hokkien) to receive benefit or evils through dependence on someone or something
9. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to share; to apportion (a room, costs, etc.)
10. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to add; to augment

Compounds

• 依傍 (yībàng)
• 依山傍水 (yīshānbàngshuǐ)
• 侵傍
• 倚傍 (yǐbàng)
• 倚門傍戶 / 倚门傍户
• 偎傍
• 傍亮兒 / 傍亮儿
• 傍人籬壁 / 傍人篱壁
• 傍人門戶 / 傍人门户 (bàngrénménhù)
• 傍今
• 傍個影兒 / 傍个影儿
• 傍午 (bàngwǔ)
• 傍晌 (bàngshǎng)
• 傍晚 (bàngwǎn)
• 傍柳隨花 / 傍柳随花
• 傍河 (Bànghé)
• 傍花隨柳 / 傍花随柳
• 傍門依戶 / 傍门依户
• 傍黑兒 / 傍黑儿
• 將傍 / 将傍
• 親傍 / 亲傍
• 輕偎低傍 / 轻偎低傍
• 近傍
• 靠傍

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): páng (pang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pong⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: páng
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: páng
    • Wade–Giles: pʻang²
    • Yale: páng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parng
    • Palladius: пан (pan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pong⁴
    • Yale: pòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔːŋ²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: bang

Rime
Character	傍
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	步光切
Baxter	bang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/bɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/bɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baŋ/
Li Rong	/bɑŋ/
Wang Li	/bɑŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	páng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pong4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*baːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	傍
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	páng
Middle Chinese	‹ bang ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁaŋ/
English	beside; assist
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傍
Reading #	1/2
No.	3005
Phonetic component	方
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	傍
Old Chinese	/*baːŋ/

Definitions

傍

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 旁 (“side; extensive; other”)

Compounds

• 傍人
• 傍偟 (pánghuáng)
• 傍妻
• 傍尊
• 傍排
• 傍牌
• 傍生
• 傍薄
• 傍觀 / 傍观 (pángguān)
• 傍通
• 傍邊 / 傍边 (bàngbiān)
• 傍門 / 傍门
• 傍門外道 / 傍门外道
• 樿傍 / 椫傍
• 珠玉在傍
• 道傍李
• 道傍苦李

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bēng (beng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄥ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: beng
    • Wade–Giles: pêng¹
    • Yale: bēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beng
    • Palladius: бэн (bɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɤŋ⁵⁵/

Definitions

傍

1. only used in 傍傍

Pronunciation 4

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): póng

---

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: póng
    • Hakka Romanization System: bong^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bong³
    • Sinological IPA: /poŋ³¹/

Definitions

傍

1. (Hakka) to have savory dishes with (rice, alcoholic beverage, etc.)

Compounds

• 做官清廉，食飯傍鹽 / 做官清廉，食饭傍盐
• 傍飯 / 傍饭
• 氣傍氣鼓 / 气傍气鼓
• 準菜傍 / 准菜傍
• 食紅柿仔傍酒-尋死 / 食红柿仔傍酒-寻死

Japanese

Kanji

傍

(Jōyō kanji)

1. bystander
2. side
3. besides
4. while
5. nearby
6. 3rd person

Readings

• Go-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)^{←ばう (bau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kun: かたわら (katawara, 傍ら, Jōyō)、そば (soba, 傍)、そう (sou, 傍う)

Compounds

• 海(かい)馬(ば)傍(ぼう)回(かい) (kaibabōkai, “parahippocampal gyrus”)
• 近(きん)傍(ぼう) (kinbō, “vicinity, proximity”)
• 傍(ぼう)観(かん) (bōkan, “onlooking, look on”)
• 傍(ぼう)観(かん)者(しゃ) (bōkansha, “onlooker”)
• 傍(ぼう)心(しん) (bōshin, “excenter”)
• 傍(ぼう)若(じゃく)無(ぶ)人(じん) (bōjakubujin, “arrogant, insolent, impudent”)
• 傍(ぼう)受(じゅ) (bōju, “interception, tapping”)
• 傍(ぼう)接(せつ)円(えん) (bōsetsuen, “excircle”)
• 傍(ぼう)線(せん) (bōsen, “(typography) sideline; vertical equivalent of the underline”)
• 傍(ぼう)点(てん) (bōten, “emphasis point”)
• 傍(ぼう)尿(にょう)道(どう)腺(せん) (bōnyōdōsen, “Skene's gland”)
• 路(ろ)傍(ぼう) (robō, “roadside”)
• 傍(はた)迷(めい)惑(わく) (hata-meiwaku, “nuisance to one's surroundings”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
傍
そば Grade: S
kun'yomi

Kanji in this term
傍
はた Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 傍 – see the following entry.

【側そば】4 [noun] vicinity, near, beside, side 【側はた】4 [noun] vicinity Alternative spelling 端

(This term, 傍, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
傍
かたわら Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 傍 – see the following entry.

【かたわら】 [adverb] in addition, besides, while [noun] the side of something [noun] a person nearby [noun] the area nearby; vicinity [noun] a remote partially built-up area along a major highway [noun] in addition to…, while doing…, on the other hand… Alternative spellings 傍ら, 側ら, 側, 旁ら, 旁, 脇ら, 脇

(This term, 傍, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
傍
わき Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 傍 – see the following entry.

【脇わき】S [noun] 傍, 側: the side of something Alternative spelling 側

(This term, 傍, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

• “^△傍”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

傍 (eumhun 곁 방 (gyeot bang))

1. hanja form^? of 방 (“by side of, beside, near, close”)

傍 (eumhun 마지못할 팽 (majimothal paeng))

1. hanja form^? of 팽 (“compel”)
2. hanja form^? of 팽 (“rely on, depend on”)

Tày

Noun

傍 (bưởng)

1. Nôm form of bưởng (“side; piece”).

References

• Dương Nhật Thanh; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎^[2] (in Tày and Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học xã hội [Social Sciences Publishing House]

Vietnamese

Han character

傍: Hán Việt readings: bàng
傍: Nôm readings: phàng, bàng, vàng, báng, phảng, vững

1. chữ Hán form of bàng (“to be by the side of; to be close to”)
2. chữ Nôm form of báng (“gunstock; shoulder stock; butt (of a gun)”)
3. chữ Nôm form of bàng (“used in bẽ bàng (“ashamed; confused”)”)
4. chữ Nôm form of phàng (“used in phũ phàng (“brutal, ruthless”)”)
5. chữ Nôm form of vàng (“used in vội vàng (“in a hurry; quickly; hurriedly”)”)