法

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法 U+6CD5, 法
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CD5
← 泔
[U+6CD4]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 泖 →
[U+6CD6]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
法-order.gif

Han character[edit]

法 (radical 85 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水土戈 (EGI), four-corner 34131, composition ⿰氵去)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 616, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17290
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1010, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1579, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6CD5

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 法
alt. forms 灋

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (法) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
法 *pqab
灋 *pqab

Simplified from earlier 灋, which was originally used to represent 廢 (OC *pads, “to cast aside; to abrogate”). 去 (OC *kʰaʔ, *kʰas) in this character is probably ideogrammatic, not phonetic.

Etymology[edit]

Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Tibetan བབས (babs, “shape, form, appearance”), དབྱིབས (dbyibs, “shape, form, figure”). Possibly cognate with 凡 (OC *bom, “all, general, every; pattern, general rule”); see there for more.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • fǎ - normal pronunciation;
  • fā - used in some colloquial words (e.g. 法兒 (“method”) in 沒法兒 and 想個法兒);
  • fá - used in 法子 (“method”) and 法兒 (“method”);
  • fà - common Taiwan variant in 法國 (“France”).
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 法
Mandarin Beijing /fa²¹⁴/
/fa⁵¹/
Harbin /fa²¹³/
Tianjin /fɑ⁴⁵/ ～子
/fɑ¹³/ 方～,～國
Jinan /fa²¹³/
Qingdao /fa⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /fa²⁴/
Xi'an /fa²¹/
Xining /fa⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /fa¹³/
Lanzhou /fa¹³/
Ürümqi /fa⁵¹/
Wuhan /fa²¹³/
Chengdu /fa³¹/
Guiyang /fa²¹/
Kunming /fa̠³¹/
Nanjing /fɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /fɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /faʔ²/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /faʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /faʔ⁵/
Suzhou /faʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /fɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ho²¹³/
Hui Shexian /faʔ²¹/
Tunxi /fuːə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /fa²⁴/
Xiangtan /ɸɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /faʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /fap̚¹/
Taoyuan /fɑp̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fat̚³/
Nanning /fat̚³³/
Hong Kong /fat̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /huat̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /huɑʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xua²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /huak̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /fak̚⁵/
Rime
Character 法
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 乏 (148)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方乏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨɐp̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piɐp̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piɐp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puap̚/
Li
Rong		 /piɐp̚/
Wang
Li		 /pĭwɐp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯wɐp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fa
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 法
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fǎ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjop ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[p.k]ap/
English model, law

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 法
Reading # 1/1
No. 2867
Phonetic
component		 法
Rime
group		 盍
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 法
Old
Chinese		 /*pqab/
Notes 說文灋省文

Definitions[edit]

法

  1. law; rule; regulation; statute
  2. norm; standard; model; example
  3. method; way; solution
  4. (Buddhism) dharma; principle of the universe; teachings of Buddha
  5. Buddhist; relating to Buddhism
  6. † to imitate; to emulate
  7. Short for 法國 (“France; French”).
  8. A surname​.

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 法

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (法):
  • Japanese: 法 (ほう) (hō)
  • Korean: 법 (法, beop)
  • Vietnamese: pháp (法)

Others:

  • → Proto-Tai
    • Lao: ແບບ (bǣp, “form; model, standard, example; method; style, manner; brand, type”)
    • Thai: แบบ (bɛ̀ɛp, “kind; design, pattern; style; type; model”)
    • → Khmer: បែប (bêb, “kind, sort, model, type; style, form, shape; aspect; method, way, situation, condition”)
    • → Vietnamese: phép (“rule, custom, usage, method; permission, authorisation; magical power”)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

法

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. method
  2. law
  3. rule
  4. principle
  5. model
  6. system

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
法
ほう
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Middle Chinese 法

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

法 (hiragana ほう, rōmaji hō, historical hiragana はふ)

  1. principle
  2. law
  3. code of law
  4. method
  5. etiquette
  6. (Buddhism) dharma
  7. (grammar) mood
  8. (mathematics) divisor
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
法
のり
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

法 (hiragana のり, rōmaji nori)

  1. law

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
法
ふらん
Grade: 4
Irregular

From French franc.[1][3]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

法 (katakana フラン, rōmaji furan)

  1. Alternative spelling of フラン

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
  3. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, ISBN 4095102535.

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

法 • (beop) (hangeul 법, revised beop, McCune-Reischauer pŏp, Yale pep)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

法 (pháp, phấp, phép, phăm, phắp)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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